我应该每次拿两个句子并计算它们是否相似。我的意思是类似于语法和语义。
INPUT1:奥巴马签署法律。 奥巴马签署了一项新法律。
INPUT2: 巴士停在这里。 车停在这里。
INPUT3:在纽约开火。 纽约被烧毁了。
INPUT4:在纽约开火。 50人死于纽约火灾。
我不想将本体树用作灵魂。我写了一个代码来计算句子之间的Levenshtein distance(LD),然后决定第二句话是否
我对代码不满意,因为LD只计算语法级别(其他方法是什么?)。如何将语义结合起来(比如公共汽车是一种载体?)。
代码在这里:
%# As the difference is computed, a decision is made on the new event
%# (string 2) to be ignored, to replace existing event (string 1) or to be
%# stored separately. The higher the LD metric, the higher the difference
%# between two strings. Of course, lower difference indices either identical
%# or similar events. However, the higher difference indicates the new event
%# as a fresh event.
%#.........................................................................
%# Calculating the LD between two strings of events.
%#.........................................................................
L1=length(str1)+1;
L2=length(str2)+1;
L=zeros(L1,L2); %# Initializing the new length.
g=+1; %# just constant
m=+0; %# match is cheaper, we seek to minimize
d=+1; %# not-a-match is more costly.
% do BC's
L(:,1)=([0:L1-1]*g)';
L(1,:)=[0:L2-1]*g;
m4=0; %# loop invariant
%# Calculating required edits.
for idx=2:L1;
for idy=2:L2
if(str1(idx-1)==str2(idy-1))
score=m;
else
score=d;
end
m1=L(idx-1,idy-1) + score;
m2=L(idx-1,idy) + g;
m3=L(idx,idy-1) + g;
L(idx,idy)=min(m1,min(m2,m3)); % only minimum edits allowed.
end
end
%# The LD between two strings.
D=L(L1,L2);
%#....................................................................
%# Making decision on what to do with the new event (string 2).
%#...................................................................
if (D<=4) %# Distance is so less that string 2 seems identical to string 1.
store=str1; %# Hence string 2 is ignored. String 1 remains stored.
elseif (D>=5 && D<=15) %# Distance is larger to be identical but not enough to
%# make string 2 an individual event.
store= str2; %# String 2 is somewhat similar to string 1.
%# So, string 1 is replaced with string 2 and stored.
else
%# For all other distances, string 2 is stored along with string 1.
store={str1; str2};
end
感谢任何帮助。
答案 0 :(得分:2)
“语义”。 没有简单的教科书算法。自然语言(尤其是英语)是一种非常复杂和变幻无常的野兽。让我们看一下所提供的案例(只是其中的一小部分):
INPUT1: Obama signs the law. A new law is signed by Obama.
签署法律使其成为一项“新法”。
INPUT2: A Bus is stopped here. A vehicle stops here.
需要知道公共汽车是一种类型的车辆以及某种时间关系。另外,如果总线 停止但通常不会停止或不再停止怎么办?它可以采取多种方式。
INPUT3: Fire in NY. NY is burnt down.
需要知道火灾可以摧毁东西。
INPUT4: Fire in NY. 50 died in NY fire.
需要知道火灾可以杀死东西(见下)。需要将“新闻标题”(50 WHAT?)与人联系起来。大脑可以做得有点琐碎。计算机程序不是大脑。
我不是英语专业: - )