我有一个充满“作业”(名称+优先级)的优先级队列数组。如果它已满,我已经能够将所有与队列相关的工作放在重新调整大小之外。以下是我认为导致分段错误的位,这是我无法弄清楚的。
编辑:
这里有更多的代码可以编译,我留在其余的函数中,以防万一可能有所帮助。现在初始容量设置为5,当您尝试将作业添加到完整列表时,它将使阵列的容量加倍,并允许您在SEG之前添加更多作业。故障。
pq.h
#ifndef PQ_H
#define PQ_H
#include "interface.h"
#include <string>
using namespace std;
class Job {
public:
int getPriority();
string getTaskName();
void setPriority(int val);
void setTaskName(string tname);
Job();
private:
int priority;
string taskName;
};
class PriorityQueue {
public:
PriorityQueue();
~PriorityQueue();
int size();
bool isEmpty();
void clear();
void enqueue(string value, int priority);
string dequeue();
string peek();
int peekPriority();
PriorityQueue(const PriorityQueue & src);
PriorityQueue & operator=(const PriorityQueue & src);
private:
static const int INITIAL_CAPACITY = 5;
Job *array;
int count;
int capacity;
void expandCapacity() {
Job *oldArray = array;
capacity *= 2;
array = new Job[capacity];
for (int i = 0; i < count; i++) {
array[i] = oldArray[i];
}
delete[] oldArray;
}
};
#endif
pq.cpp
#include <iostream>
#include <cstring>
using namespace std;
//#include "job.h"
#include "pq.h"
Job::Job() // Constructor
{
priority= 0;
taskName = "There are no items in the list.";
}
int Job::getPriority(){ // returns the prority of the job
return priority;
}
string Job::getTaskName(){ // returns the name of the job
return taskName;
}
void Job::setPriority(int val){ // sets the priority of a newly created job
priority = val;
}
void Job::setTaskName(string tname){ // sets the name of a new job
taskName = tname;
}
PriorityQueue::PriorityQueue() // constructor
{
count = 0;
capacity = INITIAL_CAPACITY - 1;
array = new Job[INITIAL_CAPACITY];
}
PriorityQueue::~PriorityQueue() { // destructor
delete [] array;
}
int PriorityQueue::size() { // returns the number of jobs in the queue
return count;
}
bool PriorityQueue::isEmpty() { // returns true if queue is empty
if (count != 0){
return false;
}else{
return true;
}
}
void PriorityQueue::clear() { // clears queue of all jobs
count = 0;
// need to make it remove and delete the items
}
void PriorityQueue::enqueue(string value, int priority) {
// tests size to see if Queue is a max capacity
if(count == capacity){
expandCapacity();
cout << "\tList was full and has been expanded\n";
}
array[++count].setPriority(priority);
array[count].setTaskName(value);
// upheap operations
Job v = array[count];
int tempcount = count;
while (array[tempcount/2].getPriority() >= v.getPriority()){
array[tempcount] = array[tempcount/2];
tempcount = tempcount/2;
array[tempcount] = v;
}
}
string PriorityQueue::dequeue() {
// removes the job with the highest priority from the queue and returns the name
if(this->isEmpty()){ // make sure the queue isnt empty
string empty = "The queue is empty";
return empty;
}else{
Job remove = array[1];
array[1] = array[count--];
int j;
Job v;
int k = 1;
v = array[k];
while(k <= count/2){
cout << "dequeuewhile"; // test
j = k + k;
if(j < count && array[j].getPriority() > array[j+1].getPriority()){
j++;
cout << "dequeueloop if1"; // test
}
if(v.getPriority() <= array[j].getPriority()){
cout << "dequeueloop if2"; //test
break;
}
array[k] = array[j];
k = j;
}
array[k] = v;
return remove.getTaskName(); // returns the name of the removed job
}
}
string PriorityQueue::peek() { // returns the name of the highest priority job without removing it from the queue
if(count == 0){
return array[0].getTaskName();
}
return array[1].getTaskName();
}
int PriorityQueue::peekPriority() { // returns the priority from the highest priority job without removing it from the queue
if(count == 0){
cout << "\tThere are no items in the list.\n";
return array[0].getPriority();
}
return array[1].getPriority();
}
答案 0 :(得分:1)
我认为当你执行++count
时,count
的下一次使用将超出数组范围。
array[++count].setPriority(priority);
// SEGMENTATION FAULT HERE
array[count].setTaskName(value);
如果数组的容量为5,count
为4,那么您只需将count
增加到5,并尝试访问超出范围的元素5。
array = new Job[capacity];
for (int i = 0; i < count; i++) {
array[i] = oldArray[i];
}
假设capacity
为10,所以你有一个包含10个元素的数组,范围从0到9。
count
告诉我们正在使用多少元素。
如果count
恰好是9
,那么当您将count
增加1时,它现在是10
。然后,当你标记为产生段故障时,你试图访问元素10
,在我们的例子中。长度为10
的数组中没有元素10
,因此您已超出范围。
array[++count].setPriority(priority); // array[10], but last element is 9!
// SEGMENTATION FAULT HERE
array[count].setTaskName(value); // array[10], but last element is 9!
当然,在继续使用array[count]
之后,该部分之后的所有内容都会导致同样的问题。
答案 1 :(得分:0)
您的原始代码与@antiHUMAN给出的上一个答案完全相同。
您遇到的问题是混合或错误地使用基于0和基于1的概念。
你的第一个错误是让capacity
为0。 capacity
应表示数组中的最大项数,因此不应从中减去1。如果数组可容纳5个项目,则capacity
应为5,而不是4。
PriorityQueue::PriorityQueue() // constructor
{
count = 0;
capacity = INITIAL_CAPACITY; // this remains 1-based.
array = new Job[INITIAL_CAPACITY];
}
或使用initializer-list:
PriorityQueue::PriorityQueue() : count(0),
capacity(INITIAL_CAPACITY),
array(new Job[INITIAL_CAPACITY]) {}
您的情况中基于0的数字应为count
,而不是capacity
。鉴于此,由于count
从0开始,capacity
从1开始,因此需要更改enqueue
中的测试:
if(count + 1 == capacity){
expandCapacity();
cout << "\tList was full and has been expanded\n";
}
请注意,为了说明count
从0开始且capacity
基于1这一事实,我需要添加1来计算。