Question

说我有以下数据：

select 1 id, 'A' name, '2007' year, '04' month,  5 sales  from dual union all
select 2 id, 'B' name, '2007' year, '05' month,  2 sales  from dual union all
select 3 id, 'B' name, '2008' year, '12' month,  3 sales  from dual union all
select 4 id, 'B' name, '2009' year, '12' month, 56 sales  from dual union all
select 5 id, 'C' name, '2009' year, '08' month, 89 sales  from dual union all
select 6 id, 'A' name, '2010' year, '12' month,  4 sales  from dual union all
select 7 id, 'C' name, '2011' year, '12' month, 24 sales  from dual union all
select 8 id, 'D' name, '2012' year, '12' month, 15 sales  from dual union all
select 9 id, 'D' name, '2013' year, '12' month, 12 sales  from dual union all
select 10 id,'D' name, '2014' year, '12' month, 16 sales  from dual union all
select 11 id,'A' name, '2015' year, '07' month, 18 sales  from dual union all
select 12 id,'B' name, '2015' year, '09' month, 29 sales  from dual union all
select 13 id,'B' name, '2016' year, '01' month, 10 sales  from dual union all
select 14 id,'A' name, '2016' year, '02' month,  8 sales  from dual union all
select 15 id,'D' name, '2016' year, '03' month, 12 sales  from dual union all
select 16 id,'E' name, '2016' year, '04' month, 34 sales  from dual

我想累计累计所有年份及其各自期间（月份）的所有销售额。输出应如下所示：

name    year    month   sale   opening bal   closing bal
 A      2007     04      5        0              5
 A      2007     05      2        5              7
 B      2008     12      3        12             15
 B      2009     12      56       15             71
 C      2009     08      89       71             160
 A      2010     12      4        160            164
 C      2011     12      24       164            188
 D      2012     12      15       188            203
 D      2013     12      12       203            215
 D      2014     12      16       215            231
 A      2015     07      18       231            249
 B      2015     09      29       249            278
 B      2016     01      10       278            288
 A      2016     02      8        288            296
 D      2016     03      12       296            308
 E      2016     04      34       308            342

期初余额是上个月的期末余额，如果进入下一年，则明年的期初余额是上一年的期末余额。它应该能够在接下来的几年里像这样工作。

我正在使用Oracle 12c。

提前致谢。

Answer 1

您可以使用窗口函数执行这些计算：

select t.*,
       (sum(s) over (order by year, month) - s) as opening
       sum(s) over (order by year, month) as closing
from t;

期初余额也可以使用范围/行窗口条款：

select t.*,
       sum(s) over (order by year, month rows between unbounded preceding and 1 preceding) as opening
       sum(s) over (order by year, month) as closing
from t;

但是，我认为减法是一种更简单的方法。

添加累计年数和月数的值

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