如何使用paramiko保持ssh会话未过期?

时间:2016-04-08 03:26:53

标签: python python-2.7 ssh paramiko switching

我打算使用paramiko在远程主机上运行几个命令,但是在运行命令后ssh会话关闭。
下面列出的代码:

from paramiko import SSHClient  
import paramiko  
ssh = SSHClient()
ssh.load_system_host_keys()
ssh.set_missing_host_key_policy(paramiko.AutoAddPolicy())
ssh.connect(host, 22, user, passwd, timeout=3)
stdin, stdout, stderr = ssh.exec_command('uname -a')

那么有什么方法可以阻止ssh会话结束?或帕拉米科的任何替代品?

更新
当连接到Linux服务器时,我能够在我的Macbook上保持呼叫​​exec_command,但是当连接到开关时,在Linux服务器上{s}会话在exec_command之后自动关闭并提出了一个 SSHException: paramiko.ssh_exception.SSHException: SSH session not active

>>> print ssh.get_transport()  
>>> <paramiko.Transport at 0xf00216d0L (unconnected)>  
>>> print ssh.get_transport().is_active()  
>>> False  
>>> print ssh.get_transport().is_authenticated()  
>>> False

有没有办法让paramiko ssh会话始终保持活动状态?

paramiko调试模式信息返回如下:

  

启动线程(客户端模式):0x2657e10L
  已连接(版本1.99,客户端Comware-5.20)
  kex algos:[u'diffie-hellman-group-exchange-sha1',u'diffie-hellman-group14-sha1',u'diffie-hellman-group1-sha1']服务器密钥:[u'ssh-rsa']客户端加密:[u'aes128-cbc',u'3des-cbc',u'des-cbc']服务器加密:[u'aes128-cbc',u'3des-cbc',u'des-cbc']客户端mac:[u'hmac-sha1',u'hmac-sha1-96',u'hmac-md5',u'hmac-md5-96']服务器mac:[u'hmac-sha1',u'hmac -sha1-96',u'hmac-md5',u'hmac-md5-96']客户端压缩:[u'none']服务器压缩:[u'none']客户端lang:[u'']服务器lang :[u''] kex跟随?False
  密码同意:local = aes128-cbc,remote = aes128-cbc
  使用kex diffie-hellman-group14-sha1;服务器密钥类型ssh-rsa;密码:本地aes128-cbc,远程aes128-cbc; mac:local hmac-sha1,remote hmac-sha1;压缩:本地无,远无无
  切换到新密钥...
  userauth没问题   身份验证(密码)成功!
  [chan 0]最大数据包:32768字节
  [chan 1]最大数据包:32768字节
  [chan 0]最大数据包输出:32496字节
  Secsh channel 0已打开。
  Secsh channel 2打开FAILED:
  资源短缺:资源短缺   [chan 0] Sesch频道0请求ok
  [chan 0] EOF发送(0)

2 个答案:

答案 0 :(得分:3)

您可以使用paramiko实现交互式shell,这样在远程shell上执行命令后通道不会关闭。

import paramiko
import re


class ShellHandler:

    def __init__(self, host, user, psw):
        self.ssh = paramiko.SSHClient()
        self.ssh.set_missing_host_key_policy(paramiko.AutoAddPolicy())
        self.ssh.connect(host, username=user, password=psw, port=22)

        channel = self.ssh.invoke_shell()
        self.stdin = channel.makefile('wb')
        self.stdout = channel.makefile('r')

    def __del__(self):
        self.ssh.close()

    @staticmethod
    def _print_exec_out(cmd, out_buf, err_buf, exit_status):
        print('command executed: {}'.format(cmd))
        print('STDOUT:')
        for line in out_buf:
            print(line, end="")
        print('end of STDOUT')
        print('STDERR:')
        for line in err_buf:
            print(line, end="")
        print('end of STDERR')
        print('finished with exit status: {}'.format(exit_status))
        print('------------------------------------')
        pass

    def execute(self, cmd):
        """

        :param cmd: the command to be executed on the remote computer
        :examples:  execute('ls')
                    execute('finger')
                    execute('cd folder_name')
        """
        cmd = cmd.strip('\n')
        self.stdin.write(cmd + '\n')
        finish = 'end of stdOUT buffer. finished with exit status'
        echo_cmd = 'echo {} $?'.format(finish)
        self.stdin.write(echo_cmd + '\n')
        shin = self.stdin
        self.stdin.flush()

        shout = []
        sherr = []
        exit_status = 0
        for line in self.stdout:
            if str(line).startswith(cmd) or str(line).startswith(echo_cmd):
                # up for now filled with shell junk from stdin
                shout = []
            elif str(line).startswith(finish):
                # our finish command ends with the exit status
                exit_status = int(str(line).rsplit(maxsplit=1)[1])
                if exit_status:
                    # stderr is combined with stdout.
                    # thus, swap sherr with shout in a case of failure.
                    sherr = shout
                    shout = []
                break
            else:
                # get rid of 'coloring and formatting' special characters
                shout.append(re.compile(r'(\x9B|\x1B\[)[0-?]*[ -/]*[@-~]').sub('', line).
                             replace('\b', '').replace('\r', ''))

        # first and last lines of shout/sherr contain a prompt
        if shout and echo_cmd in shout[-1]:
            shout.pop()
        if shout and cmd in shout[0]:
            shout.pop(0)
        if sherr and echo_cmd in sherr[-1]:
            sherr.pop()
        if sherr and cmd in sherr[0]:
            sherr.pop(0)

        self._print_exec_out(cmd=cmd, out_buf=shout, err_buf=sherr, exit_status=exit_status)
        return shin, shout, sherr

答案 1 :(得分:2)

我看到您在连接呼叫中使用timeout参数:

ssh.connect(host, 22, user, passwd, timeout=3)

来自文档:

  

timeout(float) - TCP连接的可选超时(以秒为单位)

在我的一个脚本中,我只是这样做:

ssh = paramiko.SSHClient()
ssh.connect(host, username=settings.user)

保持连接打开,直到我调用

ssh.close()