我想创建一个服务器和客户端，使用Twisted从网络发送和接收UDP数据包。我已经用Python中的套接字编写了这个，但是想要利用Twisted的回调和线程功能。但是，我需要帮助设计Twisted。
我想要接收多种类型的数据包，但我们假装只有一种：
class Packet(object):
def __init__(self, data=None):
self.packet_type = 1
self.payload = ''
self.structure = '!H6s'
if data == None:
return
self.packet_type, self.payload = struct.unpack(self.structure, data)
def pack(self):
return struct.pack(self.structure, self.packet_type, self.payload)
def __str__(self):
return "Type: {0}\nPayload {1}\n\n".format(self.packet_type, self.payload)
我制作了一个协议类（几乎是示例的直接副本），这似乎在我从另一个程序发送数据时起作用：
class MyProtocol(DatagramProtocol):
def datagramReceived(self, data, (host, port)):
p = Packet(data)
print p
reactor.listenUDP(3000, MyProtocol())
reactor.run()
我不知道的是如何创建一个可以在网络上发送任意数据包的客户端，这些数据包可以被反应堆接收：
# Something like this:
s = Sender()
p = Packet()
p.packet_type = 3
s.send(p.pack())
p.packet_type = 99
s.send(p.pack())
我还需要确保在客户端和服务器上设置重用地址标志，这样我就可以在同一设备上同时运行每个实例的多个实例（例如，一个脚本正在发送心跳，另一个脚本响应心跳，等等）。
有人能告诉我如何使用Twisted完成此操作吗？
更新：
这就是我在Python中使用套接字的方法。我可以同时运行多个听众和发送者，他们都会互相听到。如何使用Twisted获得此结果？ （听力部分不必是一个单独的过程。）
class Listener(Process):
def __init__(self, ip='127.0.0.1', port=3000):
Process.__init__(self)
self.ip = ip
self.port = port
def run(self):
sock = socket.socket(socket.AF_INET, socket.SOCK_DGRAM)
sock.setsockopt(socket.SOL_SOCKET, socket.SO_REUSEADDR, 1)
sock.bind((self.ip, self.port))
data, from_ip = sock.recvfrom(4096)
p = Packet(data)
print p
class Sender(object):
def __init__(self, ip='127.255.255.255', port=3000):
self.sock = socket.socket(socket.AF_INET, socket.SOCK_DGRAM)
self.sock.setsockopt(socket.SOL_SOCKET, socket.SO_REUSEADDR, 1)
self.ip = (ip, port)
def send(self, data):
self.sock.sendto(data, self.ip)
if __name__ == "__main__":
l = Listener()
l.start()
s = Sender()
p = Packet()
p.packet_type = 4
p.payload = 'jake'
s.send(p.pack())
工作解决方案：
class MySender(DatagramProtocol):
def __init__(self, packet, host='127.255.255.255', port=3000):
self.packet = packet.pack()
self.host = host
self.port = port
def startProtocol(self):
self.transport.write(self.packet, (self.host, self.port))
if __name__ == "__main__":
packet = Packet()
packet.packet_type = 1
packet.payload = 'jake'
s = MySender(packet)
reactor.listenMulticast(3000, MyProtocol(), listenMultiple=True)
reactor.listenMulticast(3000, s, listenMultiple=True)
reactor.callLater(4, reactor.stop)
reactor.run()
答案 0 :(得分：12)
就像上面的服务器示例一样，有一个客户端示例。 这应该可以帮助您入门：
好的，这是一个使用数据报协议的简单心跳发送器和接收器。
from twisted.internet.protocol import DatagramProtocol
from twisted.internet import reactor
from twisted.internet.task import LoopingCall
import sys, time
class HeartbeatSender(DatagramProtocol):
def __init__(self, name, host, port):
self.name = name
self.loopObj = None
self.host = host
self.port = port
def startProtocol(self):
# Called when transport is connected
# I am ready to send heart beats
self.loopObj = LoopingCall(self.sendHeartBeat)
self.loopObj.start(2, now=False)
def stopProtocol(self):
"Called after all transport is teared down"
pass
def datagramReceived(self, data, (host, port)):
print "received %r from %s:%d" % (data, host, port)
def sendHeartBeat(self):
self.transport.write(self.name, (self.host, self.port))
class HeartbeatReciever(DatagramProtocol):
def __init__(self):
pass
def startProtocol(self):
"Called when transport is connected"
pass
def stopProtocol(self):
"Called after all transport is teared down"
def datagramReceived(self, data, (host, port)):
now = time.localtime(time.time())
timeStr = str(time.strftime("%y/%m/%d %H:%M:%S",now))
print "received %r from %s:%d at %s" % (data, host, port, timeStr)
heartBeatSenderObj = HeartbeatSender("sender", "127.0.0.1", 8005)
reactor.listenMulticast(8005, HeartbeatReciever(), listenMultiple=True)
reactor.listenMulticast(8005, heartBeatSenderObj, listenMultiple=True)
reactor.run()
广播示例只是修改了上述方法：
from twisted.internet.protocol import DatagramProtocol
from twisted.internet import reactor
from twisted.internet.task import LoopingCall
import sys, time
class HeartbeatSender(DatagramProtocol):
def __init__(self, name, host, port):
self.name = name
self.loopObj = None
self.host = host
self.port = port
def startProtocol(self):
# Called when transport is connected
# I am ready to send heart beats
self.transport.joinGroup('224.0.0.1')
self.loopObj = LoopingCall(self.sendHeartBeat)
self.loopObj.start(2, now=False)
def stopProtocol(self):
"Called after all transport is teared down"
pass
def datagramReceived(self, data, (host, port)):
print "received %r from %s:%d" % (data, host, port)
def sendHeartBeat(self):
self.transport.write(self.name, (self.host, self.port))
class HeartbeatReciever(DatagramProtocol):
def __init__(self, name):
self.name = name
def startProtocol(self):
"Called when transport is connected"
self.transport.joinGroup('224.0.0.1')
pass
def stopProtocol(self):
"Called after all transport is teared down"
def datagramReceived(self, data, (host, port)):
now = time.localtime(time.time())
timeStr = str(time.strftime("%y/%m/%d %H:%M:%S",now))
print "%s received %r from %s:%d at %s" % (self.name, data, host, port, timeStr)
heartBeatSenderObj = HeartbeatSender("sender", "224.0.0.1", 8005)
reactor.listenMulticast(8005, HeartbeatReciever("listner1"), listenMultiple=True)
reactor.listenMulticast(8005, HeartbeatReciever("listner2"), listenMultiple=True)
reactor.listenMulticast(8005, heartBeatSenderObj, listenMultiple=True)
reactor.run()
答案 1 :(得分：2)
查看echoclient_udp.py示例。
由于UDP在客户端和服务器之间几乎是对称的，所以你只想在那里运行reactor.listenUDP，connect到服务器（实际上只设置发送数据包的默认目的地），然后{ {1}}发送您的数据包。