如何在swift 3.0中连接多个可选字符串?

时间:2016-03-30 17:26:02

标签: string swift swift3

我试图在swift 3中连接多个字符串:

var a:String? = "a"
var b:String? = "b"
var c:String? = "c"
var d:String? = a! + b! + c!

编译时出现以下错误:

error: cannot convert value of type 'String' to specified type 'String?'
var d:String? = a! + b! + c!
                ~~~~~~~~^~~~

这曾经在swift 2中工作。我不确定为什么它不再起作用。

5 个答案:

答案 0 :(得分:8)

OP提交的错误报告:

已经解决了(修复承诺掌握2017年1月3日),因此不再是即将到来的Swift 3.1中的问题。

这似乎是一个错误(在Swift 2.2中不存在,只有3.0)与以下情况相关:

  • 在表达式中使用强制解包运算符(!)至少3个术语(使用至少2个基本运算符进行测试,例如+-)。
  • 出于某种原因,鉴于上述情况,Swift搞砸了表达式的类型推断(具体来说,对于x!术语本身,在表达式中)。

对于以下所有示例,请:

let a: String? = "a"
let b: String? = "b"
let c: String? = "c"

存在错误:

// example 1
a! + b! + c!
    /* error: ambiguous reference to member '+' */

// example 2
var d: String =  a! + b! + c!
    /* error: ambiguous reference to member '+' */

// example 3
var d: String? =  a! + b! + c!
    /* error: cannot convert value of type 'String' 
       to specified type 'String?' */

// example 4
var d: String?
d =  a! + b! + c!
    /* error: cannot assign value of type 'String' 
       to specified type 'String?' */

// example 5 (not just for type String and '+' operator)
let a: Int? = 1
let b: Int? = 2
let c: Int? = 3
var d: Int? = a! + b! + c!
    /* error: cannot convert value of type 'Int' 
       to specified type 'Int?' */
var e: Int? = a! - b! - c! // same error

错误不存在:

/* example 1 */
var d: String? = a! + b!

/* example 2 */
let aa = a!
let bb = b!
let cc = c!
var d: String? = aa + bb + cc
var e: String = aa + bb + cc

/* example 3 */
var d: String? = String(a!) + String(b!) + String(c!)

然而,由于这是Swift 3.0- dev ,我不确定这是否真的是一个“错误”,以及什么是政策w.r.t.在尚未生产的代码版本中报告“错误”,但为了以防万一,您可能应该为此提交雷达。

至于回答你的问题,如何绕过这个问题:

  • 使用例如中间变量,如 Bug不存在:上面的示例2
  • 或明确告诉Swift 3-term表达式中的所有术语都是字符串,如 Bug not present:上面的示例3
  • 或者,更好的是,使用安全解包您的可选内容,例如使用可选绑定

    var d: String? = nil
    if let a = a, b = b, c = c {
        d = a + b + c
    } /* if any of a, b or c are 'nil', d will remain as 'nil';
         otherwise, the concenation of their unwrapped values   */
    

答案 1 :(得分:1)

Swift 3

let q: String? = "Hello"
let w: String? = "World"
let r: String? = "!"
var array = [q, w, r]

print(array.flatMap { $0 }.reduce("", {$0 + $1}))
// HelloWorld!


let q: String? = "Hello"
let w: String? = nil
let r: String? = "!"
var array = [q, w, r]

print(array.flatMap { $0 }.reduce("", {$0 + $1}))
// Hello!

答案 2 :(得分:0)

let val: String? = "nil"

val.flatMap({(str: String) -> String? in
    return str + "value"
})

答案 3 :(得分:0)

func getSingleValue(_ value: String?..., seperator: String = " ") -> String? {

    return value.reduce("") {
        ($0) + seperator + ($1 ?? "")
        }.trimmingCharacters(in: CharacterSet(charactersIn: seperator) )
}

答案 4 :(得分:0)

var a:String? = "a"
var b:String? = "b"
var c:String? = "c"
var d:String? = ""

let arr = [a,b,c]
arr.compactMap { $0 }.joined(separator: " ")

compactMap用于从展平数组中滤除nil值