我有两个类(模型和用户),但我有一个问题所以我试图用一个简单的例子来解释它:
class person
{
protected static $todo ="nothing";
public function __construct(){}
public function get_what_todo()
{
echo self::$todo;
}
}
class student extends person
{
protected static $todo ="studing";
}
$s = new student();
$s->get_what_todo(); // this will show the word (nothing)
//but I want to show the word (studing)
请给我一个解决方案,但没有在学生班写任何功能我只想在那里做声明:)并且谢谢你:)
答案 0 :(得分:8)
该原则称为“late static binding”,并在PHP 5.3.0中引入;使用self
关键字访问继承树中调用类中定义的属性,或static
访问该继承树中子类中定义的属性。
class person
{
protected static $todo ="nothing";
public function __construct(){}
public function get_what_todo()
{
echo static::$todo; // change self:: to static::
}
}
class student extends person
{
protected static $todo ="studying";
}
class teacher extends person
{
protected static $todo ="marking";
}
class guest extends person
{
}
$s = new student();
$s->get_what_todo(); // this will show the "studying" from the instantiated child class
$t = new teacher();
$t->get_what_todo(); // this will show the "marking" from the instantiated child class
$g = new guest();
$g->get_what_todo(); // this will show the "nothing" from the parent class,
// because there is no override in the child class
答案 1 :(得分:3)
覆盖静态变量的可靠方法是通过重新声明它。有人可能会建议在构造方法中对其进行修改,但我认为这并不可靠。
直到至少构造一次该类,该更改才会反映出来。当然,在类方法中,当您要始终访问覆盖的变量时,请不要忘记使用“ static ::”而不是“ self ::”来调用静态变量。
这是我的意思的一个例子: Foo类是基类,Bar类在其构造函数内更改变量,而Baz类在其声明中覆盖变量。
class Foo
{
public static $a = "base";
}
class Bar extends Foo
{
function __construct()
{
self::$a = "overridden";
}
}
class Baz extends Foo
{
public static $a = "overridden";
}
echo 'Foo: ' . Foo::$a . '<br>';
echo 'Bar: ' . Bar::$a . '<br>';
echo 'Baz: ' . Baz::$a . '<br>';
new Bar();
echo 'Bar after instantiation: ' . Bar::$a;
的输出
Foo: base
Bar: base
Baz: overridden
Bar after instantiation: overridden
如您所见,Bar更改变量的方法直到至少一次调用构造函数之后才生效。
编辑:但是,还有另一种永久可靠地编辑变量的方法:在类声明之后进行。如果您只需要修改变量而不是完全覆盖它(例如数组),这将特别方便。感觉有点脏,但理论上应该每次都能工作。
class Foo
{
public static $a = [
'a' => 'a'
];
}
class Bar extends Foo
{
public static $a;
}
Bar::$a = Foo::$a;
Bar::$a['b'] = 'b';
echo 'Foo: ' . print_r(Foo::$a, true) . '<br>';
echo 'Bar: ' . print_r(Bar::$a, true) . '<br>';
的输出
Foo: Array ( [a] => a )
Bar: Array ( [a] => a [b] => b )
编辑2:ReflectionClass::getStaticPropertyValue在我的测试中也采用了最后一种方法。
答案 2 :(得分:2)
你可以尝试在构造中设置变量
class person
{
protected static $todo = null;
public function __construct(){
self::$todo = "nothing";
}
public function get_what_todo()
{
echo self::$todo;
}
}
class student extends person
{
public function __construct() {
self::$todo = "student";
}
}
$s = new student();
$s->get_what_todo();
答案 3 :(得分:1)
你可以尝试在构造中设置父变量
class person
{
protected static $todo = null;
public function __construct(){
self::$todo = "nothing";
}
public function get_what_todo()
{
echo self::$todo;
}
}
class student extends person
{
public function __construct() {
parent::$todo = "student";
}
}
$s = new student();
$s->get_what_todo();