我无法使用 FFmpeg libav 正确编码H264视频。我无法在 VLC媒体播放器中播放编码视频,虽然我可以在 MPC-HC 上播放视频但时间显示为00:00/00:00
。显然,我错过了一些东西。
来自 MPC-HC 的媒体信息显示了这一点:
一般
格式:AVC
格式/信息:高级视频编解码器
文件大小:110 KiB
持续时间:2s 400ms
总比特率:375 Kbps
编写库:x264 core 148 r2665 a01e339
编码设置:cabac = 0 / ref = 3 / deblock = 1:0:0 / analyze = 0x1:0x111 / me = hex / subme = 7 / psy = 1 / psy_rd = 1.00:0.00 / mixed_ref = 1 / me_range = 16 / chroma_me = 1 / trellis = 1 / 8x8dct = 0 / cqm = 0 / deadzone = 21,11 / fast_pskip = 1 / chroma_qp_offset = -2 / threads = 7 / lookahead_threads = 1 / sliced_threads = 0 / nr = 0 / decimate = 1 / interlaced = 0 / bluray_compat = 0 / constrained_intra = 0 / bframes = 0 / weightp = 0 / keyint = 12 / keyint_min = 1 / scenecut = 40 / intra_refresh = 0 / rc_lookahead = 12 / rc = abr / mbtree = 1 / bitrate = 2000 / ratetol = 1.0 / qcomp = 0.60 / qpmin = 0 / qpmax = 69 / qpstep = 4 / ip_ratio = 1.40 / aq = 1:1.00视频
格式:AVC
格式/信息:高级视频编解码器
格式简介:Baseline@L2.1
格式设置,CABAC:否
格式设置,ReFrames:3帧
格式设置,GOP:M = 1,N = 12
持续时间:2s 400ms
比特率:2 000 Kbps
宽度:320像素
高度:240像素
显示宽高比:4:3
帧率模式:变量
帧率:20.833 fps
色彩空间:YUV
色度子采样:4:2:0
位深度:8位
扫描类型:渐进式
位/(像素*框架):1.250
流大小:586 KiB
编写库:x264 core 148 r2665 a01e339
编码设置:cabac = 0 / ref = 3 / deblock = 1:0:0 / analyze = 0x1:0x111 / me = hex / subme = 7 / psy = 1 / psy_rd = 1.00:0.00 / mixed_ref = 1 / me_range = 16 / chroma_me = 1 / trellis = 1 / 8x8dct = 0 / cqm = 0 / deadzone = 21,11 / fast_pskip = 1 / chroma_qp_offset = -2 / threads = 7 / lookahead_threads = 1 / sliced_threads = 0 / nr = 0 / decimate = 1 / interlaced = 0 / bluray_compat = 0 / constrained_intra = 0 / bframes = 0 / weightp = 0 / keyint = 12 / keyint_min = 1 / scenecut = 40 / intra_refresh = 0 / rc_lookahead = 12 / rc = abr / mbtree = 1 / bitrate = 2000 / ratetol = 1.0 / qcomp = 0.60 / qpmin = 0 / qpmax = 69 / qpstep = 4 / ip_ratio = 1.40 / aq = 1:1.00
我在上面的信息中注意到一些奇怪的事情:
- 帧速率为20.833
fps,而不是指定的10 fps。
- 2s 400ms
的持续时间也不合适,因为视频播放时间超过4秒。
此外,(AVFrame* picture)->pict_type
始终设置为AV_PICTURE_TYPE_NONE
。我不认为这是正常的。
我使用的图书馆是 ffmpeg-20160219-git-98a0053-win32-dev 。如果你能帮我解决这个困惑,我真的很感激。
/*
* Video encoding example
*/
char filename[] = "test.mp4";
int main(int argc, char** argv)
{
AVCodec *codec = NULL;
AVCodecContext *codecCtx= NULL;
AVFormatContext *pFormatCtx = NULL;
AVStream * pVideoStream = NULL;
AVFrame *picture = NULL;
int i, x, y, //
ret, // Return value
got_packet_ptr; // Data encoded into packet
printf("Video encoding\n");
// Register all formats and codecs
av_register_all();
// allocate context
pFormatCtx = avformat_alloc_context();
memcpy(pFormatCtx->filename,filename,
min(strlen(filename), sizeof(pFormatCtx->filename)));
// guess format
pFormatCtx->oformat = av_guess_format("h264", NULL, NULL);
if (NULL==pFormatCtx->oformat)
{
cerr << "Could not guess output format" << endl;
return -1;
}
// Find the codec.
codec = avcodec_find_encoder(pFormatCtx->oformat->video_codec);
if (codec == NULL) {
fprintf(stderr, "Codec not found\n");
return -1;
}
// Set context
int framerate = 10;
codecCtx = avcodec_alloc_context3(codec);
avcodec_get_context_defaults3(codecCtx, codec);
codecCtx->pix_fmt = AV_PIX_FMT_YUV420P;
codecCtx->profile = FF_PROFILE_H264_BASELINE;
// Resolution must be a multiple of two.
codecCtx->width = 320;
codecCtx->height = 240;
codecCtx->bit_rate = 2000000;
codecCtx->time_base.den = framerate;
codecCtx->time_base.num = 1;
codecCtx->gop_size = 12; // emit one intra frame every twelve frames at most
// Open the codec.
if (avcodec_open2(codecCtx, codec, NULL) < 0)
{
printf("Cannot open video codec\n");
return -1;
}
// Add stream to pFormatCtx
pVideoStream = avformat_new_stream(pFormatCtx, codec);
if (!pVideoStream)
{
printf("Cannot add new video stream\n");
return -1;
}
pVideoStream->codec = codecCtx;
pVideoStream->time_base.den = framerate;
pVideoStream->time_base.num = 1;
if (avio_open2(&pFormatCtx->pb, filename, AVIO_FLAG_WRITE, NULL, NULL) < 0)
{
printf("Cannot open file\n");
return -1;
}
// Write file header.
avformat_write_header(pFormatCtx, NULL);
// Create frame
picture= av_frame_alloc();
picture->format = codecCtx->pix_fmt;
picture->width = codecCtx->width;
picture->height = codecCtx->height;
int bufferImgSize = av_image_get_buffer_size(codecCtx->pix_fmt, codecCtx->width,
codecCtx->height,1);
av_image_alloc(picture->data, picture->linesize, codecCtx->width, codecCtx->height, codecCtx->pix_fmt, 32);
AVPacket avpkt;
/* encode 1 second of video */
for(i=0;i<50;i++)
{
/* prepare a dummy image */
/* Y */
for(y=0;y<codecCtx->height;y++)
{
for(x=0;x<codecCtx->width;x++)
{
picture->data[0][y * picture->linesize[0] + x] = x + y + i * 3;
}
}
/* Cb and Cr */
for(y=0;y<codecCtx->height/2;y++)
{
for(x=0;x<codecCtx->width/2;x++)
{
picture->data[1][y * picture->linesize[1] + x] = 128 + y + i * 2;
picture->data[2][y * picture->linesize[2] + x] = 64 + x + i * 5;
}
}
// Get timestamp
picture->pts = (float) i * (1000.0/(float)(codecCtx->time_base.den)) * 90;
// Encode frame to packet
av_init_packet(&avpkt);
got_packet_ptr = 0;
int error = avcodec_encode_video2(codecCtx, &avpkt, picture, &got_packet_ptr);
if (!error && got_packet_ptr > 0)
{
// Write packet with frame.
ret = (av_interleaved_write_frame(pFormatCtx, &avpkt) == 0);
}
av_packet_unref(&avpkt);
}
// Flush remaining encoded data
while(1)
{
av_init_packet(&avpkt);
got_packet_ptr = 0;
// Encode frame to packet.
int error = avcodec_encode_video2(codecCtx, &avpkt, NULL, &got_packet_ptr);
if (!error && got_packet_ptr > 0)
{
// Write packet with frame.
ret = (av_interleaved_write_frame(pFormatCtx, &avpkt) == 0);
}
else
{
break;
}
av_packet_unref(&avpkt);
}
av_write_trailer(pFormatCtx);
av_packet_unref(&avpkt);
av_frame_free(&picture);
avcodec_close(codecCtx);
av_free(codecCtx);
cin.get();
}
答案 0 :(得分:1)
从libav邮件列表中得到答案(感谢Gonzalo),我想在此分享我的答案。
我搞砸了格式,因为av_guess_format("h264", NULL, NULL)
将pFormatCtx->oformat
设置为以下内容:
pFormatCtx-&gt; oformat.name 0x009df614“h264”
pFormatCtx-&gt; oformat.long_name 0x009df619“原始H.264视频”
pFormatCtx-&gt; oformat.mime_type 0x00000000
pFormatCtx-&gt; oformat.extensions 0x009df629“h264,264”
pFormatCtx-&gt; oformat.audio_codec AV_CODEC_ID_NONE
pFormatCtx-&gt; oformat.video_codec AV_CODEC_ID_H264
pFormatCtx-&gt; oformat.subtitle_codec AV_CODEC_ID_NONE
pFormatCtx-&gt; oformat.flags 128
pFormatCtx-&gt; oformat.codec_tag 0x00000000
pFormatCtx-&gt; oformat.priv_class 0x00000000 {class_name = ??? ITEM_NAME = ???选项= ??? ...}
pFormatCtx-&gt; oformat.next 0x009980c0 {name = 0x009bb03e“hds”long_name = 0x009bb042“HDS Muxer”mime_type = 0x00000000 ...}
pFormatCtx-&gt; oformat.priv_data_size 0
pFormatCtx-&gt; oformat.write_header 0x005bad70
pFormatCtx-&gt; oformat.write_packet 0x005bac40
pFormatCtx-&gt; oformat.write_trailer 0x00000000
更正确的调用是av_guess_format(NULL, filename, NULL)
,其中包含以下内容:
pFormatCtx-&gt; oformat.name 0x009ce84c“mp4”
pFormatCtx-&gt; oformat.long_name 0x009ce850“MP4(MPEG-4 Part 14)”
pFormatCtx-&gt; oformat.mime_type 0x009ce689“video / mp4”
pFormatCtx-&gt; oformat.extensions 0x009ce84c“mp4”
pFormatCtx-&gt; oformat.audio_codec AV_CODEC_ID_AAC
pFormatCtx-&gt; oformat.video_codec AV_CODEC_ID_H264
pFormatCtx-&gt; oformat.subtitle_codec AV_CODEC_ID_NONE
pFormatCtx-&gt; oformat.flags 327744
pFormatCtx-&gt; oformat.codec_tag 0x009ce868
pFormatCtx-&gt; oformat.priv_class 0x009ce880 {class_name = 0x009ce870“mp4 muxer”item_name = 0x0062bc70 option = 0x009cf300 ...}
pFormatCtx-&gt; oformat.next 0x0099ae00 {name = 0x009d104c“mpeg”long_name = 0x009d1054“MPEG-1 Systems / MPEG program stream”mime_type = 0x009d0ec8“video / mpeg”...}
pFormatCtx-&gt; oformat.priv_data_size 176
pFormatCtx-&gt; oformat.write_header 0x0056ad20
pFormatCtx-&gt; oformat.write_packet 0x0056a260
pFormatCtx-&gt; oformat.write_trailer 0x0056a7f0
话虽如此,如果我使用avformat_alloc_output_context2( &pFormatCtx,NULL, NULL, filename )
完成avformat_alloc_context()
和av_guess_format()
所需的工作,生活会变得更加简单。