Question

希望有人可以帮忙解决这个问题。谢谢你看看！

我对django和编程都很新，所以请耐心等待。我正在构建一个具有头像ImageField的自定义配置文件应用程序。我在开发中将其全部设置为调整大小并正确定位图像。在heroku上将它推向生产并且必须设置aws s3来提供媒体服务。

我使用Image.open（self.avatar.path）使用我的头像的save方法出错。最终工作的解决方案是here。但是，更改了模型保存方法后，我尝试在本地上传时出现以下错误。必须有一个比生产与开发的多种保存方法更好的解决方案。但我似乎无法找到解决这两种情况的任何信息。谢谢！

[22/Mar/2016 17:33:24] "GET /profiles/you/ HTTP/1.1" 200 6735
Internal Server Error: /profiles/you/
Traceback (most recent call last):
  File "/home/vagrant/virtualenvs/venv_philabucks/lib/python3.4/site-packages/django/core/handlers/base.py", line 149, in get_response
    response = self.process_exception_by_middleware(e, request)
  File "/home/vagrant/virtualenvs/venv_philabucks/lib/python3.4/site-packages/django/core/handlers/base.py", line 147, in get_response
    response = wrapped_callback(request, *callback_args, **callback_kwargs)
  File "/home/vagrant/virtualenvs/venv_philabucks/lib/python3.4/site-packages/django/views/generic/base.py", line 68, in view
    return self.dispatch(request, *args, **kwargs)
  File "/home/vagrant/virtualenvs/venv_philabucks/lib/python3.4/site-packages/django/views/generic/base.py", line 88, in dispatch
    return handler(request, *args, **kwargs)
  File "/vagrant/projects/philabucks/profiles/views.py", line 29, in post
    form.save()
  File "/vagrant/projects/philabucks/profiles/forms.py", line 30, in save
    user.save()
  File "/vagrant/projects/philabucks/profiles/models.py", line 108, in save
    image.save(fh, format)
  File "/home/vagrant/virtualenvs/venv_philabucks/lib/python3.4/site-packages/PIL/Image.py", line 1675, in save
    save_handler(self, fp, filename)
  File "/home/vagrant/virtualenvs/venv_philabucks/lib/python3.4/site-packages/PIL/PngImagePlugin.py", line 690, in _save
    fp.write(_MAGIC)
TypeError: must be str, not bytes
[22/Mar/2016 17:33:45] "POST /profiles/you/ HTTP/1.1" 500 92102

以下是我的个人资料模型的相关部分

from django.db import models
from django.contrib.auth.models import BaseUserManager, AbstractBaseUser
from PIL import Image, ExifTags
from PIL.ImageOps import fit
from django.core.files.storage import default_storage as storage

avatar = models.ImageField(upload_to='images/', null=True, blank=True)

def save(self, **kwargs):
    super(Profile, self).save()
    if self.avatar:
        image = Image.open(storage.open(self.avatar.name))
        try:
            for orientation in ExifTags.TAGS.keys():
                if ExifTags.TAGS[orientation]=='Orientation':
                    break
            exif=dict(image._getexif().items())
            if exif[orientation] == 3:
                image=image.rotate(180, expand=True)
            elif exif[orientation] == 6:
                image=image.rotate(270, expand=True)
            elif exif[orientation] == 8:
                image=image.rotate(90, expand=True)
        except (AttributeError, KeyError, IndexError):
            # cases: image don't have getexif
            pass

        image = fit(image, (200, 200), Image.ANTIALIAS)
        fh = storage.open(self.avatar.name, "w")
        format = 'png'  # You need to set the correct image format here
        image.save(fh, format)
        fh.close()

以下是settings / production.py

中的s3设置

INSTALLED_APPS += ['storages',]

AWS_QUERYSTRING_AUTH = False
AWS_ACCESS_KEY_ID = os.environ['AWS_ACCESS_KEY_ID']
AWS_SECRET_ACCESS_KEY = os.environ['AWS_SECRET_ACCESS_KEY']
AWS_STORAGE_BUCKET_NAME = os.environ['S3_BUCKET_NAME']
MEDIA_URL = 'http://%s.s3.amazonaws.com/your-folder/' % AWS_STORAGE_BUCKET_NAME
DEFAULT_FILE_STORAGE = "storages.backends.s3boto.S3BotoStorage"


AWS_AUTO_CREATE_BUCKET = True

AWS_HEADERS = {
    "Cache-Control": "public, max-age=86400",
}

AWS_S3_FILE_OVERWRITE = False

AWS_S3_SECURE_URLS = True

AWS_REDUCED_REDUNDANCY = False

AWS_IS_GZIPPED = False

这是来自settings / local.py的媒体存储：

MEDIA_ROOT = os.path.join(BASE_DIR, 'media')
MEDIA_URL = '/media/'

Answer 1

我通过更改此行来实现此目的：

    fh = storage.open(self.avatar.name, "w")

到这个

    fh = storage.open(self.avatar.name, "wb")

找到this非常有用的答案后。我还不确定为什么它在heroku中工作但不在本地工作但是＆＃34; wb＆＃34;以二进制打开它，使它在两种情况下都能正常工作。

关于heroku的Django，s3用于媒体文件。必须编辑模型保存方法以在dev和prod之间切换吗？

1 个答案: