从硬件异常处理程序中抛出C ++异常。为什么-fnon-call-exceptions的行为不符合预期?

时间:2016-03-22 12:37:09

标签: c++ gcc x86 djgpp

昨晚我有了这个有趣的想法,以捕获硬件异常并抛出C++ exception。认为这可能对FPU exceptions这样的事情有用,这些事情通常会崩溃,或者静默地返回NaN然后导致意外行为。这里更需要C++ exception

所以我整个上午一直在黑客攻击,最后还是开始工作了。好吧,差不多。编译器仍然没有意识到算术运算现在可以抛出C++ exceptions,并且会静默地丢弃它周围的try/catch块。它在函数中发生异常时起作用。

void throw_exception()
{ 
    throw std::runtime_error("Division by zero!");
}

__attribute__((noinline))
void try_div0()
{
    cout << 1 / 0 << endl;
}

int main()
{
    // this class traps a hardware exception (division by zero, in this case) and calls the supplied lambda function.
    // uh, no, you probably don't want to see the assembly code behind this...
    exception_wrapper div0_exc { 0, [] (exception_frame* frame, bool)
    { 
        if (frame->address.segment != get_cs()) return false;           // only handle exceptions that occured in our own code
        frame->stack.offset -= 4;                                       // sub <fault esp>, 4;
        auto* stack = reinterpret_cast<std::uintptr_t *>(frame->stack.offset); // get <fault esp>
        *stack = frame->address.offset;                                 // mov [<fault esp>], <fault address>;
        frame->address.offset = reinterpret_cast<std::uintptr_t>(throw_exception);  // set return address to throw_exception()
        return true;    // exception handled!
    } };

    try
    {
        // cout << 1 / 0 << endl;   // this throws, as expected, but calls std::terminate().
        try_div0();                 // this exception is caught.
    }
    catch (std::exception& e)
    {
        cout << "oops: " << e.what() << endl;
    }
}

我意识到这是一个不寻常的问题......但是有什么方法可以使这项工作成功吗?告诉gcc可以在任何地方发生异常的方法吗?

我正在使用djgpp进行编译(我相信)使用DWARF异常处理。

修改:我刚刚找到了gcc个标记-fnon-call-exceptions-fasynchronous-unwind-tables,这似乎是我正在寻找的内容。但它仍然无法运作......

编辑现在使用前面提到的gcc标志,当两个函数调用之间发生异常时,捕获:

inline void nop() { asm(""); } 
    // or { cout << flush; } or something. empty function does not work.

int main()
{
    /* ... */
    try
    {
        nop();
        cout << 1 / 0 << endl;
        nop();
    }
    /* ... */
}

编辑:嵌套try/catch块具有相同的效果,除非捕获的指令前面有函数调用,否则不会捕获异常。

inline void nop() { asm(""); }

void try_div(int i)
{
    try
    {
        // this works, catches exception in try_div(0).
        nop();
        cout << 1 / i << endl;
        try_div(i - 1);

        // without the first nop(), calls std::terminate()
        //cout << 1 / i << endl;
        //try_div(i - 1);

        // reverse order, also terminates.
        //if (i != 0) try_div(i - 1);
        //cout << 1 / i << endl;
        //nop();
    }
    catch (std::exception& e)
    {
        cout << "caught in try_div(" << i << "): " << e.what() << endl;
    }
}

int main()
{
    /* ... */

    try
    {
        try_div(4);
    }
    catch (std::exception& e)
    {
        cout << "caught in main(): " << e.what() << endl;
    }
}

编辑:我已将此提交为bug in gcc,并将我的代码缩减为简单的test case

1 个答案:

答案 0 :(得分:0)

已经有一段时间了,但是我终于弄清楚了...抛出功能需要标记为具有信号帧。

[[gnu::no_caller_saved_registers]]
void throw_exception()
{
    asm(".cfi_signal_frame"); 
    throw std::runtime_error("Division by zero!");
}