遵循WITH-OUTPUT-TO-STRING和。{的文档 GET-OUTPUT-STREAM-STRING,我希望以下内容能够正常运行,并且确实如此:
(print
(with-output-to-string (sb nil)
(format sb "~A " "hello, ")
(format sb "~A~&" "world")
sb))
(print
(let ((sb (make-string-output-stream)))
(format sb "~A " "hello, ")
(format sb "~A~&" "world")
(get-output-stream-string sb)))
但是,以下是接近其中一个例子的 WITH-OUTPUT-TO-STRING,不会:
(print
(with-output-to-string (sb (make-array
'(0)
:element-type 'base-char
:fill-pointer 0
:adjustable t))
(format sb "~A " "hello, ")
(format sb "~A~&" "world")
sb))
生成输出流本身,而不是生成的字符串:
#<SB-IMPL::FILL-POINTER-OUTPUT-STREAM {1005FBE523}>
我无法找到在输出中提取字符串的方法 流。我怀疑它与动态范围有关,但是我的 在这里理解踌躇不前
显然,我有更好的方法来达到预期的效果,所以我只是 好奇地发现我对语言的误解。
因为文档说明结果未定义 由MAKE-STRING-OUTPUT-STREAM创建的流不上的GET-OUTPUT-STREAM-STRING 以下不起作用我并不感到惊讶:
(print
(with-output-to-string (sb (make-array
'(0)
:element-type 'base-char
:fill-pointer 0
:adjustable t))
(format sb "~A " "hello, ")
(format sb "~A~&" "world")
(get-output-stream-string sb)))
但我仍然很感激找到一种方法来提取我的第三个字符串 示例
答案 0 :(得分:7)
请注意WITH-OUTPUT-TO-STRING以两种不同的方式返回值:
NIL
,那么它会创建一个字符串并将其返回。您的代码:
(print
(with-output-to-string (sb (make-array ; creates a string
'(0)
:element-type 'base-char
:fill-pointer 0
:adjustable t))
(format sb "~A " "hello, ")
(format sb "~A~&" "world")
sb) ; you return the stream (which makes not much sense), but not the string
)
您已通过调用MAKE-ARRAY
创建了一个字符串。它就是。用它。为此,您通常需要将其绑定到某个变量。
示例如何返回字符串:
(let ((s (make-array '(0)
:element-type 'base-char
:fill-pointer 0
:adjustable t)))
(with-output-to-string (sb s)
(format sb "~A " "hello, ")
(format sb "~A~&" "world"))
s)
或
(let ((s (make-array '(0)
:element-type 'base-char
:fill-pointer 0
:adjustable t)))
(with-output-to-string (sb s)
(format sb "~A " "hello, ")
(format sb "~A~&" "world")
s))
在最后一种情况下,with-output-to-string
返回值,因为它有一个字符串,用作输出的目标。