在我的项目中,我有一个从整数创建字符串的方法(使用strcat)并将其写入文件。不幸的是它确实有内存泄漏。在跟踪泄漏时,我将代码简化为以下内容。我似乎无法找到甚至修复它。这是代码:
#include <stdio.h>
#include <stdlib.h>
#include <string.h>
int main(int argc, char* argv[] )
{
char* output = "\0";
int counter = 5;
while(counter > 0)
{
char buffer[20];
sprintf(buffer, "%u", counter);
char* temp;
temp = malloc((strlen(output) + strlen(buffer) + 1));
strcpy(temp, buffer);
strcat(temp, output);
char* oldmemory = output;
output = temp;
free(oldmemory);
counter--;
}
printf("output: %s\n", output);
free(output);
return 0;
}
Valgrind 返回:
==7125== Memcheck, a memory error detector
==7125== Copyright (C) 2002-2009, and GNU GPL'd, by Julian Seward et al.
==7125== Using Valgrind-3.6.0.SVN-Debian and LibVEX; rerun with -h for copyright info
==7125== Command: ./foo
==7125== Parent PID: 4455
==7125==
==7125== Invalid free() / delete / delete[]
==7125== at 0x4024B3A: free (vg_replace_malloc.c:366)
==7125== by 0x8048662: main (foo.c:20)
==7125== Address 0x8048780 is not stack'd, malloc'd or (recently) free'd
==7125==
==7125==
==7125== HEAP SUMMARY:
==7125== in use at exit: 0 bytes in 0 blocks
==7125== total heap usage: 5 allocs, 6 frees, 20 bytes allocated
==7125==
==7125== All heap blocks were freed -- no leaks are possible
==7125==
==7125== For counts of detected and suppressed errors, rerun with: -v
==7125== ERROR SUMMARY: 1 errors from 1 contexts (suppressed: 15 from 8)
内存泄漏在哪里?我该如何解决?
答案 0 :(得分:9)
#include <stdio.h>
#include <stdlib.h>
int main(int argc, char* argv[] )
{
char* output = "\0";
字符串文字是'\ 0'自动终止,你不需要添加它。
int counter = 5;
while(counter > 0)
{
char buffer[20];
sprintf(buffer, "%u", counter);
char* temp;
temp = malloc((strlen(output) + strlen(buffer) + 1));
strcpy(temp, buffer);
strcat(temp, output);
char* oldmemory = output;
output = temp;
free(oldmemory);
第一次调用free()
时,它释放输出的初始值,这是指向字符串文字"\0"
的指针。对free()
或*alloc()
返回的有效指针以外的任何内容调用NULL
是未定义的行为。
counter--;
}
printf("output: %s\n", output);
free(output);
return 0;
}
valgrind报道:
==7125== Invalid free() / delete / delete[]
==7125== at 0x4024B3A: free (vg_replace_malloc.c:366)
==7125== by 0x8048662: main (foo.c:20)
==7125== Address 0x8048780 is not stack'd, malloc'd or (recently) free'd
这不是内存泄漏;这是无效的free()
。
答案 1 :(得分:4)
您的代码已损坏。第一次通过,你将oldmemory设置为输出,其中输出指向未在堆上分配的内存。之后,您尝试释放此内存。这会生成关于释放未通过malloc分配的内存的valgrind错误。因此,您分配的原始内存永远不会被释放。
答案 2 :(得分:3)
你的应用程序崩溃试图释放(“\ 0”)。 (只需注意,如果你想要一个空字符串,“”就够了,“\ 0”实际上就是字符串\ 0 \ 0。
而不是使用malloc和strcpy,看看realloc,它会做你想要的一切但更好:)但你很可能想要构建你的字符串前进(counter = 0; counter&lt; 5; count ++)而不是去向后
答案 3 :(得分:1)
如果你想使用这个算法,应该用malloc分配输出点的初始空间,因此:
char *output = malloc(1);
if(!output) { /* handle error */ }
output[0] = '\0';
... rest of code as is ...
字符串文字不会与malloc
一起分配,因此不能free
编辑,这是您问题的根源。