如何列出复杂数据库图表的所有数据库关系图和INSERT和UPDATE规范？
我正在使用SSMS和SQL Server。
感谢。
答案 0 :(得分：0)
此脚本将为您提供数据库中所有表的所有元数据，包括外键http://www.csvreader.com/posts/data_dictionary.php，您可以使用它们来生成插入和更新规范。
SELECT
d.[primary key],
d.[foreign key],
CASE
WHEN LEN(d.[column]) = 0 THEN d.[table]
ELSE ''
END AS [table],
d.[column],
CAST(d.[description] AS VARCHAR(MAX)) AS [description],
d.[data type],
d.nullable,
d.[identity],
d.[default]
FROM
(
SELECT
'' AS [primary key],
'' AS [foreign key],
s.[name] AS [schema],
CASE
WHEN s.[name] = 'dbo' THEN t.[name]
ELSE s.[name] + '.' + t.[name]
END AS [table],
'' AS [column],
ISNULL(RTRIM(CAST(ep.[value] AS NVARCHAR(4000))), '') AS [description],
'' AS [data type],
'' AS nullable,
'' AS [identity],
'' AS [default],
NULL AS column_id
FROM
sys.tables t
INNER JOIN sys.schemas s ON
s.[schema_id] = t.[schema_id]
-- get description of table, if available
LEFT OUTER JOIN sys.extended_properties ep ON
ep.major_id = t.[object_id] AND
ep.minor_id = 0 AND
ep.name = 'MS_Description' AND
ep.class = 1
WHERE
t.is_ms_shipped = 0 AND
NOT EXISTS
(
SELECT *
FROM
sys.extended_properties ms
WHERE
ms.major_id = t.[object_id] AND
ms.minor_id = 0 AND
ms.class = 1 AND
ms.[name] = 'microsoft_database_tools_support'
)
UNION ALL
SELECT
CASE
WHEN pk.column_id IS NOT NULL THEN 'PK'
ELSE ''
END AS [primary key],
CASE
WHEN fk.primary_table IS NOT NULL
THEN fk.primary_table + '.' + fk.primary_column
ELSE ''
END AS [foreign key],
s.[name] AS [schema],
CASE
WHEN s.[name] = 'dbo' THEN t.[name]
ELSE s.[name] + '.' + t.[name]
END AS [table],
c.[name] AS [column],
ISNULL(RTRIM(CAST(ep.[value] AS NVARCHAR(4000))), '') AS [description],
CASE
WHEN uty.[name] IS NOT NULL THEN uty.[name]
ELSE ''
END +
CASE
WHEN uty.[name] IS NOT NULL AND sty.[name] IS NOT NULL THEN '('
ELSE ''
END +
CASE
WHEN sty.[name] IS NOT NULL THEN sty.[name]
ELSE ''
END +
CASE
WHEN sty.[name] IN ('char', 'nchar', 'varchar', 'nvarchar', 'binary', 'varbinary')
THEN '(' +
CASE
WHEN c.max_length = -1 THEN 'max'
ELSE
CASE
WHEN sty.[name] IN ('nchar', 'nvarchar')
THEN CAST(c.max_length / 2 AS VARCHAR(MAX))
ELSE
CAST(c.max_length AS VARCHAR(MAX))
END
END
+ ')'
WHEN sty.[name] IN ('numeric', 'decimal')
THEN '(' +
CAST(c.precision AS VARCHAR(MAX)) + ', ' + CAST(c.scale AS VARCHAR(MAX))
+ ')'
ELSE
''
END +
CASE
WHEN uty.[name] IS NOT NULL AND sty.[name] IS NOT NULL THEN ')'
ELSE ''
END AS [data type],
CASE
WHEN c.is_nullable = 1 THEN 'Y'
ELSE ''
END AS nullable,
CASE
WHEN c.is_identity = 1 THEN 'Y'
ELSE ''
END AS [identity],
ISNULL(dc.[definition], '') AS [default],
c.column_id
FROM
sys.columns c
INNER JOIN sys.tables t ON
t.[object_id] = c.[object_id]
INNER JOIN sys.schemas s ON
s.[schema_id] = t.[schema_id]
-- get name of user data type
LEFT OUTER JOIN sys.types uty ON
uty.system_type_id = c.system_type_id AND
uty.user_type_id = c.user_type_id AND
c.user_type_id <> c.system_type_id
-- get name of system data type
LEFT OUTER JOIN sys.types sty ON
sty.system_type_id = c.system_type_id AND
sty.user_type_id = c.system_type_id
-- get description of column, if available
LEFT OUTER JOIN sys.extended_properties ep ON
ep.major_id = t.[object_id] AND
ep.minor_id = c.column_id AND
ep.[name] = 'MS_Description' AND
ep.[class] = 1
-- get default's code text
LEFT OUTER JOIN sys.default_constraints dc ON
dc.parent_object_id = t.[object_id] AND
dc.parent_column_id = c.column_id
-- check for inclusion in primary key
LEFT OUTER JOIN
(
SELECT
ic.column_id,
i.[object_id]
FROM
sys.indexes i
INNER JOIN sys.index_columns ic ON
ic.index_id = i.index_id AND
ic.[object_id] = i.[object_id]
WHERE
i.is_primary_key = 1
) pk ON
pk.column_id = c.column_id AND
pk.[object_id] = t.[object_id]
-- check for inclusion in foreign key
LEFT OUTER JOIN
(
SELECT
CASE
WHEN s.[name] = 'dbo' THEN pk.[name]
ELSE s.[name] + '.' + pk.[name]
END AS primary_table,
pkc.[name] as primary_column,
fkc.parent_object_id,
fkc.parent_column_id
FROM
sys.foreign_keys fk
INNER JOIN sys.tables pk ON
fk.referenced_object_id = pk.[object_id]
INNER JOIN sys.schemas s ON
s.[schema_id] = pk.[schema_id]
INNER JOIN sys.foreign_key_columns fkc ON
fkc.constraint_object_id = fk.[object_id] AND
fkc.referenced_object_id = pk.[object_id]
INNER JOIN sys.columns pkc ON
pkc.[object_id] = pk.[object_id] AND
pkc.column_id = fkc.referenced_column_id
) fk ON
fk.parent_object_id = t.[object_id] AND
fk.parent_column_id = c.column_id
WHERE
t.is_ms_shipped = 0 AND
NOT EXISTS
(
SELECT *
FROM
sys.extended_properties ms
WHERE
ms.major_id = t.[object_id] AND
ms.minor_id = 0 AND
ms.class = 1 AND
ms.[name] = 'microsoft_database_tools_support'
)
) d
ORDER BY
d.[schema],
d.[table],
d.column_id;