在这段代码中,如何为复合键生成Java类(如何在hibernate中复合键):
create table Time (
levelStation int(15) not null,
src varchar(100) not null,
dst varchar(100) not null,
distance int(15) not null,
price int(15) not null,
confPathID int(15) not null,
constraint ConfPath_fk foreign key(confPathID) references ConfPath(confPathID),
primary key (levelStation, confPathID)
) ENGINE=InnoDB DEFAULT CHARSET=utf8;
答案 0 :(得分:389)
要映射复合键,您可以使用EmbeddedId
或 IdClass
注释。我知道这个问题并不严格关于JPA,但规范定义的规则也适用。所以这里是:
2.1.4主键和实体标识
...
复合主键必须 对应于任何一个 持久的领域或财产或 一组这样的字段或属性为 如下面所描述的。主键类 必须定义为代表a 复合主键。综合 主键通常出现在 当遗留数据库映射时 数据库密钥由几个组成 列。
EmbeddedId
和IdClass
注释用于 表示复合主键。请参阅 第9.1.14和9.1.15节。...
以下规则适用 复合主键:
- 主键类必须是公共的,并且必须具有公共no-arg 构造强>
- 如果使用基于属性的访问,则为主键的属性 班级必须是公开的或受保护的。
- 主要密钥类必须为
serializable
。- 主键类 必须定义
equals
和hashCode
方法。价值的语义 这些方法必须是平等的 与数据库相等一致 对于数据库类型 key已映射。- 复合主键必须表示并映射为 可嵌入类(参见第9.1.14节, “EmbeddedId Annotation”)或必须 表示并映射到多个 实体的字段或属性 class(参见第9.1.15节“IdClass 注解”)。
- 如果复合主键类映射到多个字段或 实体类的属性, 主键字段的名称或 主键类中的属性 那些实体类必须 对应,他们的类型必须是 相同。
IdClass
复合主键的类可能看起来像(可能是静态内部类):
public class TimePK implements Serializable {
protected Integer levelStation;
protected Integer confPathID;
public TimePK() {}
public TimePK(Integer levelStation, Integer confPathID) {
this.levelStation = levelStation;
this.confPathID = confPathID;
}
// equals, hashCode
}
实体:
@Entity
@IdClass(TimePK.class)
class Time implements Serializable {
@Id
private Integer levelStation;
@Id
private Integer confPathID;
private String src;
private String dst;
private Integer distance;
private Integer price;
// getters, setters
}
IdClass
注释将多个字段映射到表PK。
EmbeddedId
复合主键的类可能看起来像(可能是静态内部类):
@Embeddable
public class TimePK implements Serializable {
protected Integer levelStation;
protected Integer confPathID;
public TimePK() {}
public TimePK(Integer levelStation, Integer confPathID) {
this.levelStation = levelStation;
this.confPathID = confPathID;
}
// equals, hashCode
}
实体:
@Entity
class Time implements Serializable {
@EmbeddedId
private TimePK timePK;
private String src;
private String dst;
private Integer distance;
private Integer price;
//...
}
@EmbeddedId
注释将PK类映射到表PK。
@EmbeddedId
以某种方式更清楚地传达了密钥是一个复合密钥,当组合的pk本身是一个有意义的实体或者在代码中重用时,IMO才有意义。@IdClass
可用于指定某些字段组合是唯一的,但这些字段组合没有特殊含义。它们也会影响您编写查询的方式(使它们或多或少冗长):
IdClass
select t.levelStation from Time t
EmbeddedId
select t.timePK.levelStation from Time t
答案 1 :(得分:47)
您需要使用@EmbeddedId
:
@Entity
class Time {
@EmbeddedId
TimeId id;
String src;
String dst;
Integer distance;
Integer price;
}
@Embeddable
class TimeId implements Serializable {
Integer levelStation;
Integer confPathID;
}
答案 2 :(得分:13)
正如我在this article中解释的那样,假设您有以下数据库表:
首先,您需要创建包含复合标识符的@Embeddable
:
@Embeddable
public class EmployeeId implements Serializable {
@Column(name = "company_id")
private Long companyId;
@Column(name = "employee_number")
private Long employeeNumber;
public EmployeeId() {
}
public EmployeeId(Long companyId, Long employeeId) {
this.companyId = companyId;
this.employeeNumber = employeeId;
}
public Long getCompanyId() {
return companyId;
}
public Long getEmployeeNumber() {
return employeeNumber;
}
@Override
public boolean equals(Object o) {
if (this == o) return true;
if (!(o instanceof EmployeeId)) return false;
EmployeeId that = (EmployeeId) o;
return Objects.equals(getCompanyId(), that.getCompanyId()) &&
Objects.equals(getEmployeeNumber(), that.getEmployeeNumber());
}
@Override
public int hashCode() {
return Objects.hash(getCompanyId(), getEmployeeNumber());
}
}
有了这个,我们可以通过用Employee
注释来映射使用复合标识符的@EmbeddedId
实体:
@Entity(name = "Employee")
@Table(name = "employee")
public class Employee {
@EmbeddedId
private EmployeeId id;
private String name;
public EmployeeId getId() {
return id;
}
public void setId(EmployeeId id) {
this.id = id;
}
public String getName() {
return name;
}
public void setName(String name) {
this.name = name;
}
}
与Phone
具有@ManyToOne
关联的Employee
实体需要通过两个@JoinColumn
映射从父类引用复合标识符:
@Entity(name = "Phone")
@Table(name = "phone")
public class Phone {
@Id
@Column(name = "`number`")
private String number;
@ManyToOne
@JoinColumns({
@JoinColumn(
name = "company_id",
referencedColumnName = "company_id"),
@JoinColumn(
name = "employee_number",
referencedColumnName = "employee_number")
})
private Employee employee;
public Employee getEmployee() {
return employee;
}
public void setEmployee(Employee employee) {
this.employee = employee;
}
public String getNumber() {
return number;
}
public void setNumber(String number) {
this.number = number;
}
}
有关详细信息,请查看this article。
答案 3 :(得分:6)
看起来你是从头开始这样做的。尝试使用可用的逆向工程工具,如Netbeans Entities from Database,至少可以自动完成基础知识(如嵌入式ID)。如果你有很多桌子,这可能会成为一个巨大的问题。我建议避免重新发明轮子并使用尽可能多的工具来将编码减少到最小和最重要的部分,你打算做什么。
答案 4 :(得分:6)
主键类必须定义equals和hashCode方法
答案 5 :(得分:4)
我们举一个简单的例子。假设有两个名为test
和customer
的表格被描述为:
create table test(
test_id int(11) not null auto_increment,
primary key(test_id));
create table customer(
customer_id int(11) not null auto_increment,
name varchar(50) not null,
primary key(customer_id));
还有一张表可以跟踪test
和customer
:
create table tests_purchased(
customer_id int(11) not null,
test_id int(11) not null,
created_date datetime not null,
primary key(customer_id, test_id));
我们可以看到表tests_purchased
中的主键是复合键,因此我们将使用<composite-id ...>...</composite-id>
映射文件中的hbm.xml
标记。所以PurchasedTest.hbm.xml
看起来像是:
<?xml version="1.0"?>
<!DOCTYPE hibernate-mapping PUBLIC
"-//Hibernate/Hibernate Mapping DTD 3.0//EN"
"http://hibernate.sourceforge.net/hibernate-mapping-3.0.dtd">
<hibernate-mapping>
<class name="entities.PurchasedTest" table="tests_purchased">
<composite-id name="purchasedTestId">
<key-property name="testId" column="TEST_ID" />
<key-property name="customerId" column="CUSTOMER_ID" />
</composite-id>
<property name="purchaseDate" type="timestamp">
<column name="created_date" />
</property>
</class>
</hibernate-mapping>
但它并没有在这里结束。在Hibernate中,我们使用session.load(entityClass
,id_type_object
)来使用主键查找和加载实体。在复合键的情况下,ID对象应该是一个单独的ID类(在上面的例子中是PurchasedTestId
类),它只声明主键属性如下:
import java.io.Serializable;
public class PurchasedTestId implements Serializable {
private Long testId;
private Long customerId;
// an easy initializing constructor
public PurchasedTestId(Long testId, Long customerId) {
this.testId = testId;
this.customerId = customerId;
}
public Long getTestId() {
return testId;
}
public void setTestId(Long testId) {
this.testId = testId;
}
public Long getCustomerId() {
return customerId;
}
public void setCustomerId(Long customerId) {
this.customerId = customerId;
}
@Override
public boolean equals(Object arg0) {
if(arg0 == null) return false;
if(!(arg0 instanceof PurchasedTestId)) return false;
PurchasedTestId arg1 = (PurchasedTestId) arg0;
return (this.testId.longValue() == arg1.getTestId().longValue()) &&
(this.customerId.longValue() == arg1.getCustomerId().longValue());
}
@Override
public int hashCode() {
int hsCode;
hsCode = testId.hashCode();
hsCode = 19 * hsCode+ customerId.hashCode();
return hsCode;
}
}
重点是我们还实现了两个函数hashCode()
和equals()
,因为Hibernate依赖它们。
答案 6 :(得分:2)
另一种选择是在ConfPath表中将map映射为复合元素的Map。
此映射将受益于(ConfPathID,levelStation)上的索引。
public class ConfPath {
private Map<Long,Time> timeForLevelStation = new HashMap<Long,Time>();
public Time getTime(long levelStation) {
return timeForLevelStation.get(levelStation);
}
public void putTime(long levelStation, Time newValue) {
timeForLevelStation.put(levelStation, newValue);
}
}
public class Time {
String src;
String dst;
long distance;
long price;
public long getDistance() {
return distance;
}
public void setDistance(long distance) {
this.distance = distance;
}
public String getDst() {
return dst;
}
public void setDst(String dst) {
this.dst = dst;
}
public long getPrice() {
return price;
}
public void setPrice(long price) {
this.price = price;
}
public String getSrc() {
return src;
}
public void setSrc(String src) {
this.src = src;
}
}
映射:
<class name="ConfPath" table="ConfPath">
<id column="ID" name="id">
<generator class="native"/>
</id>
<map cascade="all-delete-orphan" name="values" table="example"
lazy="extra">
<key column="ConfPathID"/>
<map-key type="long" column="levelStation"/>
<composite-element class="Time">
<property name="src" column="src" type="string" length="100"/>
<property name="dst" column="dst" type="string" length="100"/>
<property name="distance" column="distance"/>
<property name="price" column="price"/>
</composite-element>
</map>
</class>
答案 7 :(得分:0)
使用hbm.xml
<composite-id>
<!--<key-many-to-one name="productId" class="databaselayer.users.UserDB" column="user_name"/>-->
<key-property name="productId" column="PRODUCT_Product_ID" type="int"/>
<key-property name="categoryId" column="categories_id" type="int" />
</composite-id>
使用注释
复合密钥类
public class PK implements Serializable{
private int PRODUCT_Product_ID ;
private int categories_id ;
public PK(int productId, int categoryId) {
this.PRODUCT_Product_ID = productId;
this.categories_id = categoryId;
}
public int getPRODUCT_Product_ID() {
return PRODUCT_Product_ID;
}
public void setPRODUCT_Product_ID(int PRODUCT_Product_ID) {
this.PRODUCT_Product_ID = PRODUCT_Product_ID;
}
public int getCategories_id() {
return categories_id;
}
public void setCategories_id(int categories_id) {
this.categories_id = categories_id;
}
private PK() { }
@Override
public boolean equals(Object o) {
if ( this == o ) {
return true;
}
if ( o == null || getClass() != o.getClass() ) {
return false;
}
PK pk = (PK) o;
return Objects.equals(PRODUCT_Product_ID, pk.PRODUCT_Product_ID ) &&
Objects.equals(categories_id, pk.categories_id );
}
@Override
public int hashCode() {
return Objects.hash(PRODUCT_Product_ID, categories_id );
}
}
实体类
@Entity(name = "product_category")
@IdClass( PK.class )
public class ProductCategory implements Serializable {
@Id
private int PRODUCT_Product_ID ;
@Id
private int categories_id ;
public ProductCategory(int productId, int categoryId) {
this.PRODUCT_Product_ID = productId ;
this.categories_id = categoryId;
}
public ProductCategory() { }
public int getPRODUCT_Product_ID() {
return PRODUCT_Product_ID;
}
public void setPRODUCT_Product_ID(int PRODUCT_Product_ID) {
this.PRODUCT_Product_ID = PRODUCT_Product_ID;
}
public int getCategories_id() {
return categories_id;
}
public void setCategories_id(int categories_id) {
this.categories_id = categories_id;
}
public void setId(PK id) {
this.PRODUCT_Product_ID = id.getPRODUCT_Product_ID();
this.categories_id = id.getCategories_id();
}
public PK getId() {
return new PK(
PRODUCT_Product_ID,
categories_id
);
}
}