使用Matplotlib和tkinter(TkAgg)

时间:2016-03-06 17:21:27

标签: python matplotlib tkinter anaconda

我在使用tkinter运行Matplotlib时遇到了一致的问题。这种情况发生在我的代码和其他代码中,包括我从网上下载的示例代码,可能适用于其他代码。

当我使用IPython控制台而不是标准Python控制台时,会发生matplotlib.use('TkAgg')的初始用户警告。我认为这只是意味着IPython更加冗长,因为在任何一种情况下,程序都会在canvas.show()上崩溃。我一直试图运行的完整代码来自Matplotlib网站:

#!/usr/bin/env python

import matplotlib
matplotlib.use('TkAgg')

from numpy import arange, sin, pi
from matplotlib.backends.backend_tkagg import FigureCanvasTkAgg, NavigationToolbar2TkAgg
# Implement the default mpl key bindings
from matplotlib.backend_bases import key_press_handler


from matplotlib.figure import Figure

import sys
if sys.version_info[0] < 3:
    import Tkinter as Tk
else:
    import tkinter as Tk

root = Tk.Tk()
root.wm_title("Embedding in TK")


f = Figure(figsize=(5, 4), dpi=100)
a = f.add_subplot(111)
t = arange(0.0, 3.0, 0.01)
s = sin(2*pi*t)

a.plot(t, s)


# A tk.DrawingArea
canvas = FigureCanvasTkAgg(f, master=root)
canvas.show()
canvas.get_tk_widget().pack(side=Tk.TOP, fill=Tk.BOTH, expand=1)

toolbar = NavigationToolbar2TkAgg(canvas, root)
toolbar.update()
canvas._tkcanvas.pack(side=Tk.TOP, fill=Tk.BOTH, expand=1)


def on_key_event(event):
    print('you pressed %s' % event.key)
    key_press_handler(event, canvas, toolbar)

canvas.mpl_connect('key_press_event', on_key_event)


def _quit():
    root.quit()     # Stops mainloop
    root.destroy()  # This is necessary on Windows to prevent
                    # Fatal Python Error: PyEval_RestoreThread: NULL tstate

button = Tk.Button(master=root, text='Quit', command=_quit)
button.pack(side=Tk.BOTTOM)

Tk.mainloop()
# If you put root.destroy() here, it will cause an error if
# the window is closed with the window manager.

使用调试器我将canvas.show跟随到tkinter(backend_tkagg.py):

def draw(self):
    FigureCanvasAgg.draw(self)
    tkagg.blit(self._tkphoto, self.renderer._renderer, colormode=2)
    self._master.update_idletasks()

我跳过FigureCanvasAgg.draw确定并进入tkagg.blit ...注意传递给tkagg.blit的数据都不是应用程序数据。这个调用将我带到tkagg.py,即:

def blit(photoimage, aggimage, bbox=None, colormode=1):
    tk = photoimage.tk

    if bbox is not None:
        bbox_array = bbox.__array__()
    else:
        bbox_array = None
    data = np.asarray(aggimage)
    try:
        tk.call("PyAggImagePhoto", photoimage,
            id(data), colormode, id(bbox_array))
    except Tk.TclError:
        try:
            try:
                _tkagg.tkinit(tk.interpaddr(), 1)
            except AttributeError:
                _tkagg.tkinit(id(tk), 0)
            tk.call("PyAggImagePhoto", photoimage,
                    id(data), colormode, id(bbox_array))
        except (ImportError, AttributeError, Tk.TclError):
            raise

它在tk.call上反复失败,我认为这是对Tcl的调用。

我在这里修改了代码以将TclError作为变量捕获,因此我可以在调试器中检查它。它说:tclErr:无效的命令名称“PyAggImagePhoto”

我该怎么做?

2 个答案:

答案 0 :(得分:0)

总结:

答案 1 :(得分:0)

替换后,此代码对我有用

NavigationToolbar2TkAgg

使用

NavigationToolbar2Tk

也被替换

canvas.show()

使用

canvas.draw()

注意,我使用Anaconda 4.8.3,Matplotlib 3.2.1,Tkinter 8.6和Windows 10。