我试图在TensorFlow上训练一个非常简单的模型。模型将单个浮点数作为输入,并返回输入概率大于0.我使用了1个隐藏层,其中包含10个隐藏单位。完整代码如下所示:
import tensorflow as tf
import random
# Graph construction
x = tf.placeholder(tf.float32, shape = [None,1])
y_ = tf.placeholder(tf.float32, shape = [None,1])
W = tf.Variable(tf.random_uniform([1,10],0.,0.1))
b = tf.Variable(tf.random_uniform([10],0.,0.1))
layer1 = tf.nn.sigmoid( tf.add(tf.matmul(x,W), b) )
W1 = tf.Variable(tf.random_uniform([10,1],0.,0.1))
b1 = tf.Variable(tf.random_uniform([1],0.,0.1))
y = tf.nn.sigmoid( tf.add( tf.matmul(layer1,W1),b1) )
loss = tf.square(y - y_)
train_step = tf.train.GradientDescentOptimizer(0.01).minimize(loss)
# Training
with tf.Session() as sess:
sess.run(tf.initialize_all_variables())
N = 1000
while N != 0:
batch = ([],[])
u = random.uniform(-10.0,+10.0)
if u >= 0.:
batch[0].append([u])
batch[1].append([1.0])
if u < 0.:
batch[0].append([u])
batch[1].append([0.0])
sess.run(train_step, feed_dict = {x : batch[0] , y_ : batch[1]} )
N -= 1
while(True):
u = raw_input("Give an x\n")
print sess.run(y, feed_dict = {x : [[u]]})
问题是,我得到了非常不相关的结果。模型不学习任何东西并返回不相关的概率。我试图调整学习率并改变变量初始化,但我没有得到任何有用的东西。你有什么建议吗?
答案 0 :(得分:2)
你只计算一个概率,你想要的是两个类:
因此,网络的输出将是一个形状二的张量,它将包含每个类的概率。我在您的示例中将y_重命名为labels
:
labels = tf.placeholder(tf.float32, shape = [None,2])
接下来,我们计算网络结果与预期分类之间的交叉熵。正数的类别为[1.0, 0]
,负数的类别为[0.0, 1.0]
。
损失函数变为:
cross_entropy = tf.nn.softmax_cross_entropy_with_logits(logits, labels)
loss = tf.reduce_mean(cross_entropy)
我将y
重命名为logits
,因为这是一个更具描述性的名称。
培训此网络10000步:
Give an x
3.0
[[ 0.96353203 0.03686807]]
Give an x
200
[[ 0.97816485 0.02264325]]
Give an x
-20
[[ 0.12095013 0.87537241]]
完整代码:
import tensorflow as tf
import random
# Graph construction
x = tf.placeholder(tf.float32, shape = [None,1])
labels = tf.placeholder(tf.float32, shape = [None,2])
W = tf.Variable(tf.random_uniform([1,10],0.,0.1))
b = tf.Variable(tf.random_uniform([10],0.,0.1))
layer1 = tf.nn.sigmoid( tf.add(tf.matmul(x,W), b) )
W1 = tf.Variable(tf.random_uniform([10, 2],0.,0.1))
b1 = tf.Variable(tf.random_uniform([1],0.,0.1))
logits = tf.nn.sigmoid( tf.add( tf.matmul(layer1,W1),b1) )
cross_entropy = tf.nn.softmax_cross_entropy_with_logits(logits, labels)
loss = tf.reduce_mean(cross_entropy)
train_step = tf.train.GradientDescentOptimizer(0.01).minimize(loss)
# Training
with tf.Session() as sess:
sess.run(tf.initialize_all_variables())
N = 1000
while N != 0:
batch = ([],[])
u = random.uniform(-10.0,+10.0)
if u >= 0.:
batch[0].append([u])
batch[1].append([1.0, 0.0])
if u < 0.:
batch[0].append([u])
batch[1].append([0.0, 1.0])
sess.run(train_step, feed_dict = {x : batch[0] , labels : batch[1]} )
N -= 1
while(True):
u = raw_input("Give an x\n")
print sess.run(logits, feed_dict = {x : [[u]]})