在Debian Jessie机器上使用 nginx 和 php5-fpm 运行shopware 5，我们常常遇到 502 Bad Gateway 。这种情况主要发生在后端，当较长的操作像缩略图创建一样工作时，即使这是在单个ajax请求的小块内完成的。
使用64 GB RAM和16个核心的旧服务器正在睡眠，因为它上面没有真正的流量。我们当前使用它就像一个临时系统，除非我们修复了像这样的所有错误。
在nginx错误日志中，可以找到以下行：
[error] 20524#0: *175 connect() failed (111: Connection refused) while connecting to upstream, client: xx.xx.xx.xx, server: domain.com, request: "POST /backend/MediaManager/createThumbnails HTTP/1.1", upstream: "fastcgi://127.0.0.1:9000", host: "www.domain.com", referrer: "http://www.domain.com/backend/"
[error] 20524#0: *175 no live upstreams while connecting to upstream, client: xx.xx.xx.xx, server: domain.com, request: "POST /backend/Log/createLog HTTP/1.1", upstream: "fastcgi://php-fpm", host: "www.domain.com", referrer: "http://www.domain.com/backend/"
[error] 20524#0: *175 connect() failed (111: Connection refused) while connecting to upstream, client: xx.xx.xx.xx, server: domain.com, request: "GET /backend/login/getLoginStatus?_dc=1457014588680 HTTP/1.1", upstream: "fastcgi://127.0.0.1:9000", host: "www.domain.com", referrer: "http://www.domain.com/backend/"
[error] 20522#0: *209 connect() failed (111: Connection refused) while connecting to upstream, client: xx.xx.xx.xx, server: domain.com, request: "GET /backend/login/getLoginStatus?_dc=1457014618682 HTTP/1.1", upstream: "fastcgi://127.0.0.1:9000", host: "www.domain.com", referrer: "http://www.domain.com/backend/"
可能值得注意的是，首先很多＆＃34; * 175连接＆＃34; 错误发生，然后最终＆＃34; * 209连接＆＃34; < /强>
我将尝试仅发布与此主题相关的重要行，并将省略所有已注释掉的行。
/etc/php5-fpm/pool.d/www.conf：
[www]
user = www-data
group = www-data
listen = /var/run/php5-fpm.sock
listen.owner = www-data
listen.group = www-data
pm.max_children = 5
pm.start_servers = 2
pm.min_spare_servers = 1
pm.max_spare_servers = 3
/etc/nginx/nginx.conf：
user www-data;
worker_processes auto;
pid /run/nginx.pid;
events {
worker_connections 768;
multi_accept on;
}
http {
## MIME types.
include /etc/nginx/mime.types;
default_type application/octet-stream;
## Default log and error files.
access_log /var/log/nginx/access.log;
error_log /var/log/nginx/error.log;
## Use sendfile() syscall to speed up I/O operations and speed up
## static file serving.
sendfile on;
## Handling of IPs in proxied and load balancing situations.
# set_real_ip_from 192.168.1.0/24; # set to your proxies ip or range
# real_ip_header X-Forwarded-For;
## Timeouts.
client_body_timeout 60;
client_header_timeout 60;
keepalive_timeout 10 10;
send_timeout 60;
## Reset lingering timed out connections. Deflect DDoS.
reset_timedout_connection on;
## Body size.
client_max_body_size 10m;
## TCP options.
tcp_nodelay on;
## Optimization of socket handling when using sendfile.
tcp_nopush on;
## Compression.
gzip on;
gzip_buffers 16 8k;
gzip_comp_level 1;
gzip_http_version 1.1;
gzip_min_length 10;
gzip_types text/plain text/css application/json application/javascript application/x-javascript text/xml application/xml application/xml+rss text/javascript image/x-icon application/vnd.ms-fontobject font/opentype application/x-font-ttf;
gzip_vary on;
gzip_proxied any; # Compression for all requests.
gzip_disable "msie6";
## Hide the Nginx version number.
server_tokens off;
## Upstream to abstract backend connection(s) for PHP.
upstream php-fpm {
server unix:/var/run/php5-fpm.sock;
# server 127.0.0.1:9000;
## Create a backend connection cache.
keepalive 32;
}
## Include additional configs
include /etc/nginx/conf.d/*.conf;
## Include all vhosts.
include /etc/nginx/sites-enabled/*;
}
/etc/nginx/sites-available/site.conf：
server {
listen 80;
listen 443 ssl;
server_name xxxxxxxx.com;
root /var/www/shopware;
## Access and error logs.
access_log /var/log/nginx/xxxxxxxx.com.access.log;
error_log /var/log/nginx/xxxxxxxx.com.error.log;
## leaving out lots of shopware/mediafiles-related settings
## ....
## continue:
location ~ \.php$ {
try_files $uri $uri/ =404;
## NOTE: You should have "cgi.fix_pathinfo = 0;" in php.ini
fastcgi_split_path_info ^(.+\.php)(/.+)$;
## required for upstream keepalive
# disabled due to failed connections
#fastcgi_keep_conn on;
include fastcgi_params;
fastcgi_param SCRIPT_FILENAME $document_root$fastcgi_script_name;
fastcgi_param SHOPWARE_ENV $shopware_env if_not_empty;
fastcgi_param ENV $shopware_env if_not_empty; # BC for older SW versions
fastcgi_buffers 8 16k;
fastcgi_buffer_size 32k;
client_max_body_size 24M;
client_body_buffer_size 128k;
## upstream "php-fpm" must be configured in http context
fastcgi_pass php-fpm;
}
}
现在该怎么办？如果我应该提供有关此问题的更多信息，请现在就告诉我。
从@peixotorms应用nginx-和fpm-settings后，nginx-logs中的错误变为：
30 upstream timed out (110: Connection timed out) while reading response header from upstream
但问题本身并未解决。它只是另一张脸......
答案 0 :(得分：3)
这对您来说可能听起来很奇怪，但您的问题很可能是因为您在套接字而不是tcp端口上运行PHP。当你在套接字配置上有大约300个并发请求（有时候更少）到php时，你会看到502错误（和其他错误）。
此外，您的pm.max_children太低了，除非您想要将服务器限制为大约5个同时最多的php请求：http://php.net/manual/en/install.fpm.configuration.php
以这种方式配置，这些错误应该消失：
对于 nginx.conf ，请更改以下值：
worker_processes 4;
worker_rlimit_nofile 750000;
# handles connection stuff
events {
worker_connections 50000;
multi_accept on;
use epoll;
}
upstream php-fpm {
keepalive 30;
server 127.0.0.1:9001;
}
您的 /etc/php5-fpm/pool.d/www.conf
（使用这些设置，因为你有足够的RAM或CPU）
[www]
user = www-data
group = www-data
listen.owner = www-data
listen.group = www-data
listen.mode = 0660
listen = 127.0.0.1:9001
listen.allowed_clients = 127.0.0.1
listen.backlog = 65000
pm = dynamic
pm.max_children = 1024
pm.start_servers = 8
pm.min_spare_servers = 4
pm.max_spare_servers = 16
pm.max_requests = 10000
同时在location ~ \.php$ {块上添加此内容：
location ~ \.php$ {
try_files $uri $uri/ =404;
## NOTE: You should have "cgi.fix_pathinfo = 0;" in php.ini
fastcgi_split_path_info ^(.+\.php)(/.+)$;
## required for upstream keepalive
# disabled due to failed connections
#fastcgi_keep_conn on;
include fastcgi_params;
fastcgi_param SCRIPT_FILENAME $document_root$fastcgi_script_name;
fastcgi_param SHOPWARE_ENV $shopware_env if_not_empty;
fastcgi_param ENV $shopware_env if_not_empty; # BC for older SW versions
fastcgi_keep_conn on;
fastcgi_connect_timeout 20s;
fastcgi_send_timeout 60s;
fastcgi_read_timeout 60s;
fastcgi_pass php-fpm;
}
编辑：
将/etc/php5/fpm/php.ini文件中的以下值更改为此值并重新启动：
safe_mode = Off
output_buffering = Off
zlib.output_compression = Off
max_execution_time = 900
max_input_time = 900
memory_limit = 2048M
post_max_size = 120M
file_uploads = On
upload_max_filesize = 120M
答案 1 :(得分：0)
尝试绑定到 0.0.0.0:9000：
listen = 0.0.0.0:9000