当我尝试使用 rails new app_name创建新的rails应用程序时它给了我错误。
Warning: You're using Rubygems 1.8.23 with Spring. Upgrade to at least Rubygems 2.1.0 and run `gem pristine --all` for better startup performance.
Can't initialize a new Rails application within the directory of another, please change to a non-Rails directory first.
Type 'rails' for help.
我在互联网上看了几个关于堆栈溢出的解决方案，但没有帮助。我甚至尝试了宝石原始 - 但它也没有用
当我在终端上运行 rvm list 时
Warning! PATH is not properly set up, '/home/techbirds/.rvm/gems/ruby-2.2.1/bin' is not at first place,
usually this is caused by shell initialization files - check them for 'PATH=...' entries,
it might also help to re-add RVM to your dotfiles: 'rvm get stable --auto-dotfiles',
to fix temporarily in this shell session run: 'rvm use ruby-2.2.1'.
rvm rubies
ruby-2.1.2 [ x86_64 ]
# Default ruby not set. Try 'rvm alias create default <ruby>'.
# => - current
# =* - current && default
# * - default
当我在终端上运行 rvm 时
Warning! PATH is not properly set up, '/home/techbirds/.rvm/gems/ruby-2.2.1/bin' is not at first place,
usually this is caused by shell initialization files - check them for 'PATH=...' entries,
it might also help to re-add RVM to your dotfiles: 'rvm get stable --auto-dotfiles',
to fix temporarily in this shell session run: 'rvm use ruby-2.2.1'.
= rvm
* https://rvm.io/
* https://github.com/wayneeseguin/rvm/
== DESCRIPTION:
RVM is the Ruby enVironment Manager (rvm).
It manages Ruby application environments and enables switching between them.
== Installation
curl -L https://get.rvm.io | bash -s stable --autolibs=enabled [--ruby] [--rails] [--trace]
stable :: Install stable RVM, good for servers.
--ruby :: Additionally install latest ruby version (MRI).
--rails :: Install gem rails into default gemset (also installs ruby=).
--trace :: Print trace of the installation, gist output when you have problems.
--autolibs :: Enable or disable autolibs see: https://rvm.io/rvm/autolibs
More details here: https://rvm.io/rvm/install/
== Usage
rvm [Flags] [Options] Action [Implementation[,Implementation[,...]]
== Flags
--default :: with 'rvm use X', sets the default ruby for new shells to X.
--debug :: Toggle debug mode on for very verbose output.
--disable-binary :: Install from source instead of using binaries
--trace :: Toggle trace mode on to see EVERYTHING rvm is doing.
--force :: Force install, removes old install & source before install.
--summary :: Used with rubydo to print out a summary of the commands run.
--latest :: with gemset --dump skips version strings for latest gem.
--gems :: with uninstall/remove removes gems with the interpreter.
--docs :: with install, attempt to generate ri after installation.
--reconfigure :: Force ./configure on install even if Makefile already exists.
--skip-gemsets :: with install, skip the installation of default gemsets.
--quiet-curl :: Makes curl silent when fetching data
== Options
-v|--version :: Emit rvm version loaded for current shell
-l|--level :: patch level to use with rvm use / install
--bin :: path for binaries to be placed (~/.rvm/bin/)
-S :: Specify a script file to attempt to load and run (rubydo)
-e :: Execute code from the command line.
--gems :: Used to set the 'gems_flag', use with 'remove' to remove
gems
--archive :: Used to set the 'archive_flag', use with 'remove' to remove
archive
--patch :: With MRI Rubies you may specify one or more full paths to
patches
for multiple, specify comma separated:
--patch /.../.../a.patch[%prefix],/.../.../.../b.patch
'prefix' is an optional argument, which will be bypassed
to the '-p' argument of the 'patch' command. It is separated
from patch file name with '%' symbol.
-C|--configure :: custom configure options. If you need to pass several
configure options then append them comma separated:
-C --...,--...,--...
--nice :: process niceness (for slow computers, default 0)
--ree-options :: Options passed directly to ree's './installer' on the
command line.
--with-rubies :: Specifies a string for rvm to attempt to expand for set
operations.
== Action
(Note: for most actions, 'rvm help action-name' may provide more information.)
*usage* :: show this usage information
version :: show the rvm version installed in rvm_path
use :: setup current shell to use a specific ruby version
reload :: reload rvm source itself (useful after changing rvm source)
implode :: (seppuku) removes the rvm installation completely.
This means everything in $rvm_path (~/.rvm || /usr/local/rvm).
This does not touch your profiles. However, this means that you
must manually clean up your profiles and remove the lines which
source RVM.
get :: {head,stable} upgrades rvm to latest head or stable version.
Check 'rvm help get' for more details.
(If you experience bugs try this first with head version, then
ask for help in #rvm on irc.freenode.net and hang around)
reset :: remove current and stored default & system settings.
(If you experience odd behavior try this second)
info :: show the *current* environment information for current ruby
current :: print the *current* ruby version and the name of any gemset
being used.
debug :: show info plus additional information for common issues
install :: install one or many ruby versions
See also: https://rvm.io/rubies/installing/
uninstall :: uninstall one or many ruby versions, leaves their sources
remove :: uninstall one or many ruby versions and remove their sources
reinstall :: reinstall ruby and runs gem pristine on all gems,
make sure to read output, use 'all' for all rubies.
migrate :: Lets you migrate all gemsets from one ruby to another.
upgrade :: Lets you upgrade from one version of a ruby to another, including
migrating your gemsets semi-automatically.
wrapper :: generates a set of wrapper executables for a given ruby with the
specified ruby and gemset combination. Used under the hood for
passenger support and the like.
cleanup :: Lets you remove stale source folders / archives and other
miscellaneous data associated with rvm.
repair :: Lets you repair parts of your environment e.g. wrappers, env
files and and similar files (e.g. general maintenance).
fix-permissions :: Repairs broken permissions (e.g. by sudo or chef)
osx-ssl-certs :: Helps update certificates for OpenSSL installed by rvm on OSX.
snapshot :: Lets you backup / restore an rvm installation in a lightweight
manner.
alias :: Lets you set shortcut strings for convenience with 'rvm use'.
disk-usage :: Tells you how much disk space rvm install is using.
tools :: Provides general information about the ruby environment,
primarily useful when scripting rvm.
docs :: Tools to make installing ri and rdoc documentation easier.
rvmrc :: Tools related to managing rvmrc trust and loading.
patchset :: Tools related to managing ruby patchsets.
do :: runs an arbitrary command against specified and/or all rubies
cron :: Manages setup for using ruby in cron tasks.
gemset :: gemsets: https://rvm.io/gemsets/
rubygems :: Switches the installed version of rubygems for the current ruby.
config-get :: display values for RbConfig::CONFIG variables.
gemdir :: display the path to the current gem directory (GEM_HOME).
fetch :: Performs an archive / src fetch only of the selected ruby.
list :: show currently installed rubies, interactive output.
https://rvm.io/rubies/list/
autolibs :: Controls settings for automatically installing dependencies.
pkg :: Install a dependency package {readline,iconv,zlib,openssl}
https://rvm.io/packages/
notes :: Display notes, with operating system specifics.
export :: Temporarily set an environment variable in the current shell.
unexport :: Undo changes made to the environment by 'rvm export'.
requirements :: Installs additional OS specific dependencies/requirements for
building various rubies. Usually run by install.
mount :: Install rubies from external locations.
user :: Tools for managing RVM mixed mode in multiuser installations.
group :: Tools for managing groups in multiuser installations.
== Implementation
*ruby* :: MRI/YARV Ruby (The Gold Standard) {1.8.x, 1.9.x, 2.0.x, 2.1.x, 2.2.x}
jruby :: JRuby, Ruby interpreter on the Java Virtual Machine.
rbx :: Rubinius
ree :: Ruby Enterprise Edition, MRI Ruby with several custom
patches for performance, stability, and memory.
macruby :: MacRuby, insanely fast, can make real apps (Mac OS X Only).
maglev :: GemStone Ruby, awesome persistent ruby object store.
ironruby :: IronRuby, NOT supported yet. Looking for volunteers to help.
system :: use the system ruby (eg. pre-rvm state)
default :: use the default ruby (or the system ruby if a default hasn't been set).
https://rvm.io/rubies/default/
== Resources:
https://rvm.io/
https://www.pivotaltracker.com/projects/26822
== Contributions:
Any and all contributions offered in any form, past present or future, to the
RVM project are understood to be in complete agreement and acceptance with the
Apache License v2.0.
== LICENSE:
Copyright (c) 2009-2011 Wayne E. Seguin
Copyright (c) 2011-2015 Michal Papis
Licensed under the Apache License, Version 2.0 (the "License");
you may not use this file except in compliance with the License.
You may obtain a copy of the License at
http://www.apache.org/licenses/LICENSE-2.0
Unless required by applicable law or agreed to in writing, software
distributed under the License is distributed on an "AS IS" BASIS,
WITHOUT WARRANTIES OR CONDITIONS OF ANY KIND, either express or implied.
See the License for the specific language governing permissions and
limitations under the License.
Action documentation available with 'rvm help action-name':
alias autolibs cleanup config-get cron current debug disk-usage do docs fetch fix-permissions gemdir gemset gemset/copy get group implode info install list migrate mount notes osx-ssl-certs patchset pkg prepare reinstall remove repair requirements reset rubygems rvmrc rvmrc/to rvmrc/warning snapshot srcdir tools uninstall upgrade use user wrapper
Other topics of documentation available with 'rvm help topic':
alt color upgrade-notes
For additional information please visit RVM's documentation website:
https://rvm.io/
If you still cannot find an answer to your question, find
'wayneeseguin', 'mpapis', 'richo', 'lemoinem' or 'rys' in #rvm on irc.freenode.net:
http://webchat.freenode.net/?channels=rvm
答案 0 :(得分：1)
它表示您已经在现有的rails应用程序中。
所以：
让我们看看显示此错误的代码。
使用：
$ grep -r 'initialize a new Rails application within the directory' ~/.gem/ruby/2.1.0/gems/
我发现此错误显示在：
/home/martin/.gem/ruby/2.1.0/gems/railties-4.2.5.2/lib/rails/commands/commands_tasks.rb: puts "Can't initialize a new Rails application within the directory of another, please change to a non-Rails directory first.\n"
通过打开该文件，我发现它位于函数exit_with_initialization_warning!中，只调用一次：
def new
if %w(-h --help).include?(argv.first)
require_command!("application")
else
exit_with_initialization_warning!
end
end
那么这是如何工作的？当您输入rails时，它会加载/home/martin/.gem/ruby/2.1.0/gems/railties-4.2.5.2/bin/rails require "rails/cli"，其显示为require 'rails/app_rails_loader'
# If we are inside a Rails application this method performs an exec and thus
# the rest of this script is not run.
Rails::AppRailsLoader.exec_app_rails
require 'rails/ruby_version_check'
Signal.trap("INT") { puts; exit(1) }
if ARGV.first == 'plugin'
ARGV.shift
require 'rails/commands/plugin'
else
require 'rails/commands/application'
end
，如下所示：
def exec_app_rails
original_cwd = Dir.pwd
loop do
if exe = find_executable
contents = File.read(exe)
if contents =~ /(APP|ENGINE)_PATH/
exec RUBY, exe, *ARGV
break # non reachable, hack to be able to stub exec in the test suite
elsif exe.end_with?('bin/rails') && contents.include?('This file was generated by Bundler')
$stderr.puts(BUNDLER_WARNING)
Object.const_set(:APP_PATH, File.expand_path('config/application', Dir.pwd))
require File.expand_path('../boot', APP_PATH)
require 'rails/commands'
break
end
end
# If we exhaust the search there is no executable, this could be a
# call to generate a new application, so restore the original cwd.
Dir.chdir(original_cwd) and return if Pathname.new(Dir.pwd).root?
# Otherwise keep moving upwards in search of an executable.
Dir.chdir('..')
end
end
查找这是否为rails目录的逻辑是：
bin/rails这对我来说似乎是万无一失的，而且不能被愚弄＃34;在某个父目录中只存在require 'rails/commands';它还会查看内容，实际上运行文件（这需要各种依赖项，除非您在rails目录中，否则很可能会出错）。
当我们在rails目录中运行时，我们看到new只被称为 ，所以这就是%w(-h --help).include?(argv.first)函数总是抛出错误的原因（ rails new -h允许从rails应用内部运行new。
当你在rails目录之外时，commands/application.rb中实现了cli.rb命令，该命令从Rails::Generators::AppGenerator.start（运行xmlns:internal="http://schemas.android.com/apk/prv/res/android"）调用。< / p>
结论：您几乎可以肯定在rails应用程序中创建rails应用程序。不要这样做。