如何获取numpy数组的非对角线元素的索引?
a = np.array([[7412, 33, 2],
[2, 7304, 83],
[3, 101, 7237]])
我尝试如下:
diag_indices = np.diag_indices_from(a)
print diag_indices
(array([0, 1, 2], dtype=int64), array([0, 1, 2], dtype=int64))
之后,不知道...... 预期结果应为:
result = [[False, True, True],
[True, False, True],
[True, True, False]]
答案 0 :(得分:9)
要获取掩码,您可以使用np.eye
,如此 -
~np.eye(a.shape[0],dtype=bool)
要获取索引,请添加np.where
-
np.where(~np.eye(a.shape[0],dtype=bool))
示例运行 -
In [142]: a
Out[142]:
array([[7412, 33, 2],
[ 2, 7304, 83],
[ 3, 101, 7237]])
In [143]: ~np.eye(a.shape[0],dtype=bool)
Out[143]:
array([[False, True, True],
[ True, False, True],
[ True, True, False]], dtype=bool)
In [144]: np.where(~np.eye(a.shape[0],dtype=bool))
Out[144]: (array([0, 0, 1, 1, 2, 2]), array([1, 2, 0, 2, 0, 1]))
为通用非正方形输入数组提供此类掩码的方法还有很多。
使用np.fill_diagonal
-
out = np.ones(a.shape,dtype=bool)
np.fill_diagonal(out,0)
使用broadcasting
-
m,n = a.shape
out = np.arange(m)[:,None] != np.arange(n)
答案 1 :(得分:2)
>>> import numpy as np
>>> a = np.array([[7412, 33, 2],
... [2, 7304, 83],
... [3, 101, 7237]])
>>> non_diag = np.ones(shape=a.shape, dtype=bool) - np.identity(len(a)).astype(bool)
>>> non_diag
array([[False, True, True],
[ True, False, True],
[ True, True, False]], dtype=bool)
答案 2 :(得分:0)
作为先前答案的另一种思路,您可以选择上和下三角的索引:
a = np.array([[7412, 33, 2],
[2, 7304, 83],
[3, 101, 7237]])
# upper triangle. k=1 excludes the diagonal elements.
xu, yu = np.triu_indices_from(a, k=1)
# lower triangle
xl, yl = np.tril_indices_from(a, k=-1) # Careful, here the offset is -1
# combine
x = np.concatenate((xl, xu))
y = np.concatenate((yl, yu))
如doc中所述,然后可以使用它们来索引和分配值:
out = np.ones((3,3), dtype=bool)
out[(x, y)] = False
给予:
>>> out
array([[ True, False, False],
[False, True, False],
[False, False, True]])