我有这段代码:
#include <stdio.h>
#include <ctype.h>
int validnumber(int b, char* p);
unsigned long base2dec(int b,char *p);
void dec2base (int b,unsigned long x);
char *number;
main() {
int base,temp=0,count;
unsigned long Decimal_number;
do {
printf ("Give the base of the number you want to tranform:");
scanf ("%d", &base);
if (base<2 || base>16)
printf("Not acceptable base number, numbers should be in range from 2 to 16\n\n");
} while (base<2 || base>16);
printf ("Give the number you want to tranform:");
scanf("%s", number);
for (count=0;count<32;count++) {
number [count]= toupper(number[count]);
}
temp=validnumber(base, number);
if (temp==0)
printf ("O arithmpos pou eisagatai periexei MH egkira symbola\n");
else
if (temp==1)
printf ("O arithmpos pou eisagatai periexei egkira symbola\n");
if (temp==1) {
Decimal_number = base2dec( base , number);
}
int validnumber(int b, char *p){
int count, a[32];
for (count=0;count<32;count++)
a[count]=p[count];
if (b>=2 && b<=10) {
for (count=0;count<32;count++) {
if (a[count]<48 || a[count]>48+b)
return 0;
break;
}
}
if (b>=11 && b<=16) {
for (count=0;count<32;count++) {
if ((a[count]>=48 && a[count]<=57) || (a[count]>=65 && a[count]<=70)) {
return 1;
}
}
}
}
从这一点开始,主程序必须调用函数:
unsigned long base2dec (int b, char * p)
接受基数b和字符表中的指针p作为参数 对应于导入的字符串s并返回表示十进制系统中表示的s的数字。 此外,它应该调用函数:
void dec2base (int b, unsigned long x)
接受基数b和十进制系统中数字x的值作为参数,并在此基数中显示基数值和数字x的表示。主程序将所有基值的函数调用为2到16。
有关于如何开始的任何想法吗?任何指导将不胜感激。
答案 0 :(得分:1)
在您的base2dec中,您只需调用此方法并传入&#39; b&#39;因为它是和x应该是转换后的字符串。
这是dec2base的一个实现。它是递归实现的。
void dec2base(int b, unsigned long x){
if (x == 0)
return;
int y = x % b;
x /= b;
if (y < 0)
x += 1;
dec2base(b, x);
//converted digits to hex after realizing this solution doesn't work
//for bases greater than 10. Credits to Trevor pointing this out.
cout<< hex << y < 0 ? y + (b * -1) : y;
return;
}
答案 1 :(得分:0)
首先,请查看您的格式,因为编写代码的方式使其更难以遵循。
以下是我要做的事情:
#include <stdexcept>
#include <iostream>
void dec2base(int b, long x)
{
// Quick check for zero
if (x == 0)
{
std::cout << '0';
return;
}
// Print the negative sign if present, also negate
if (x < 0)
{
std::cout << '-';
x = -x;
}
char buf[12];
int i = 0;
// Convert to a backwards BCD
do {
buf[i++] = static_cast<char>(x % b);
} while (x /= b);
// Print it starting from the last digit (really the first)
do {
if (buf[--i] <= 9) std::cout << static_cast<char>(buf[i] + '0');
else std::cout << static_cast<char>(buf[i] + ('a' - 10));
} while (i);
}
long base2dec(int b, char * p)
{
long digit; // Current digit
long mul = 1; // Current multiplier
char *pos = p; // Current position
bool neg = false; // Sign
long ret = 0; // The return value
// Find the last digit
while (*pos) pos++;
// Continue until the start of the string is reached
while (pos-- != p)
{
if (*pos < '0')
{
if (*pos == '-')
{
// Sign reached, save it an break out
neg = true;
break;
}
else // Shouldn't happen
{
throw std::invalid_argument("Not a number");
}
}
if (*pos > 'f')
throw std::invalid_argument("Not a number");
// Get a digit
if (*pos <= '9') digit = *pos - '0';
else if (*pos >= 'a') digit = *pos - ('a' - 10);
else if (*pos >= 'A' && *pos <= 'F')
digit = *pos - ('A' - 10);
else
throw std::invalid_argument("Not a number");
// Make sure it is not larger than or equal to the base
if (digit >= b)
throw std::invalid_argument("Not a number");
// Add the digit
ret += digit * mul;
// Increase the multiplier
mul *= b;
}
return neg ? -ret : ret;
}
int main()
{
long val = base2dec(16, "123f");
dec2base(16, val);
return 0;
}
我意识到你没有要求签名版本但是因为它很容易实现我已经完成了。如果您真的不需要处理签名值,那么从函数中删除相关部分就很简单。
这是一个非常快速和肮脏的问题,这无疑会在可读性和性能方面得到改善,但我认为这是一个很好的起点。
以下是base2dec()的略微改进版本:
long base2dec(int b, char * p)
{
long digit; // Current digit
bool neg = false; // Sign
long ret = 0; // The return value
// Check for negative number
if (*p == '-')
{
neg = true;
p++;
}
// Continue until the end of the string is reached
for (; *p != 0; p++)
{
// Rough range check
if (*p < '0' || *p > 'f')
throw std::invalid_argument("Not a number");
// Get a digit
if (*p <= '9') digit = *p - '0';
else if (*p >= 'a') digit = *p - ('a' - 10);
else if (*p >= 'A' && *p <= 'F')
digit = *p - ('A' - 10);
else
throw std::invalid_argument("Not a number");
// Make sure it is not larger than or equal to the base
if (digit >= b)
throw std::invalid_argument("Not a number");
// Add the digit
ret = ret * b + digit;
}
return neg ? -ret : ret;
}
关于validnumber()函数。这个检查最好在转换期间执行,以避免必须读取整个字符串两次,因为base2dec()确实应该检查有效输入。如果您仍需要单独检查,则需要修复validnumber()。不需要将字符串复制到数组中,并且最好对所有基础使用相同的代码。这是一个建议:
bool validnumber(int b, char *p)
{
// Check for valid base
if (b < 2 || b > 16) return false;
// Extract numeric and alpha parts of the base
int b_numeric = b <= 10 ? b : 10;
int b_alpha = b - 11;
// Ignore any sign
if (*p == '-') p++;
// Continue until the end of the string
for (; *p != 0; p++)
{
// Digits < 0 are always bad
if (*p < '0') return false;
// Check for valid numeric digits
if (*p > ('0' + b_numeric))
{
// Check for valid alpha digits
if (b <= 10) return false;
if (*p < 'A' || *p > ('a' + b_alpha)) return false;
if (*p > ('A' + b_alpha) && *p < 'a') return false;
}
}
return true;
}