我的刮刀产生了太多的物品而不是将它们全部合并到一小部分中

时间:2016-02-28 10:34:07

标签: python python-2.7 scrapy scrapy-spider

我写过一个刮刀,应该为每个足球队经过几个页面,基本上得到所有的历史数据,最终将每一个合并到一个漂亮的json文件中,每个团队有1个项目。

所以,例如我最终为每个团队提供了一些东西:

{'clubName': [u'West Ham United'],
 'matches': [{'date': [u'17/08/1974'],
          'opponent': [u'Manchester City'],
          'place': [u'A'],
          'results': [u'0:4 '],
          'round': [u'1. Round'],
          'time': []},
         {'date': [u'19/08/1974'],
          'opponent': [u'Luton Town'],
          'place': [u'H'],
          'results': [u'2:0 '],
          'round': [u'2. Round'],
          'time': []},
         {'date': [u'24/08/1974'],
          'opponent': [u'Everton FC'],
          'place': [u'H'],
          'results': [u'2:3 '],
          'round': [u'3. Round'],
          'time': []},

基本上功能是:

  1. 获取20个团队,然后链接到他们的网页
  2. 获取历史结果的链接
  3. 从历史性结果中获取季节的所有链接
  4. 将匹配数据合并回项目
  5. 要进行调试,我已经在每个函数后生成了项目。我最终应该有20个项目。如果我在1,2&之后产出物品3个功能,我最终只有20行,这是完美的,但它是在第四个功能,它变得混乱,我最终有成千上万的项目。每个俱乐部有很多项目等。

    我最终会得到这样的项目:

    {"matches": [], "clubName": ["Arsenal FC"]},
    {"matches": [], "clubName": ["Arsenal FC"]},
    {"matches": [], "clubName": ["Arsenal FC"]},
    {"matches": [], "clubName": ["Arsenal FC"]},
    {"matches": [], "clubName": ["Arsenal FC"]},
    {"matches": [], "clubName": ["Arsenal FC"]},
    {"matches": [], "clubName": ["Arsenal FC"]},
    {"matches": [], "clubName": ["Arsenal FC"]},
    {"matches": [], "clubName": ["Arsenal FC"]},
    

    除俱乐部名称外,有时连续30个基本空白的项目。

    我是python的新手,我整个早上一直在看这个东西,但是没能弄清楚为什么这个不起作用。

    这是我的代码:

    import scrapy
    
    from ..items import PremierleagueItem
    
    class PremierleagueSpider(scrapy.Spider):
        name = "premierleague"
        allowed_domains = ["worldfootball.net"]
        start_urls = [
            "http://www.worldfootball.net/competition/eng-premier-league/"
        ]
    
    
    # get teams in the match
    def parse(self, response):
    
        for sel in response.xpath('//div[@id="tabelle_0"]/div[@class="data"]/table[1]/tr'):       
    
            clubName = sel.xpath('.//td[3]/a/text()').extract()
    
            if clubName:
    
                item = PremierleagueItem()
    
                item['clubName'] = clubName
    
                clubHref = sel.xpath('.//td[2]/a/@href').extract_first()
                clubUrl = response.urljoin(clubHref)
    
                request = scrapy.Request(clubUrl,callback=self.parse_get_historic_results_link)
    
                request.meta['item'] = item
                yield request
    
    
    def parse_get_historic_results_link(self,response):
    
        item = response.meta['item']
    
        href2 = response.xpath('//div[@class="navibox2"]/div[@class="data"]/ul[5]/li[2]/a[1]/@href').extract_first()
        url2 = response.urljoin(href2)
    
        request = scrapy.Request(url2,callback=self.parse_seasons)
    
        request.meta['item'] = item
        yield request
    
    def parse_seasons(self,response):
    
        item = response.meta['item']
    
        for sel in response.xpath('(//table[@class="standard_tabelle"])[1]/tr/td[2]/a'):
    
            href = sel.xpath('.//@href').extract_first()
            url = response.urljoin(href)
    
            request = scrapy.Request(url,callback=self.parse_results)
            request.meta['item'] = item
    
            yield request
    
    
    def parse_results(self,response):
    
        item = response.meta['item']
    
        item['matches'] = []
    
        for sel in response.xpath('(//table[@class="standard_tabelle"])[1]/tr'):
    
            results = sel.xpath('.//td[7]/a/text()').extract()
    
            if results:
    
                matchDict = {
                    'round' : sel.xpath('.//td[1]/a/text()').extract(),
                    'date' : sel.xpath('.//td[2]/a/text()').extract(),
                    'time'  : sel.xpath('.//td[3]/text()').extract(),
                    'place' : sel.xpath('.//td[4]/text()').extract(),
                    'opponent' : sel.xpath('.//td[6]/a/text()').extract(),
                    'results' : results
                }
    
                item['matches'].append(matchDict)
    
       yield item
    

    我在这里塞了什么?

    修改

    为了澄清,我们最终得到的理想格式是多维数组,例如(伪代码):

    Team name Y {
            premierLeagueMatches { 
                {'date': [...],
                'opponent': [...],
                'place': [...],
                'results': [...],
                'round': [...],
                'time': [...]
                }
            otherMatches {
              same as above
            }
    },
    Team name X {
            premierLeagueMatches { 
                {'date': [...],
                'opponent': [...],
                'place': [...],
                'results': [...],
                'round': [...],
                'time': [...]
                }
            otherMatches {
                same as above
            }
    }
    

    在阵列的顶层,只有俱乐部名称,每个都是唯一的。团队名称x或y等没有重复。但是目前顶级唯一的唯一键是赛季日期。

    在带有我们的错误代码的json的最终输出中,我可以搜索“clubName”:[“West Ham United”]并获得75个结果而不是1.所以尽管有大量数据可以追溯到大约1900年代:)而不是目前的1670(我猜这是季节的总数*英超联赛中的球队数量),我试图最终只有20个项目(每个一个队)。

1 个答案:

答案 0 :(得分:1)

你的xpaths在parse_results中是错误的,这是一个获取你想要的数据的可运行的例子:

import scrapy


class PremierleagueItem(scrapy.Item):
    round = scrapy.Field()
    date = scrapy.Field()
    time = scrapy.Field()
    place = scrapy.Field()
    opponent = scrapy.Field()
    results = scrapy.Field()
    clubName = scrapy.Field()
    matches = scrapy.Field()


class PremierleagueSpider(scrapy.Spider):
    name = "premierleague"
    allowed_domains = ["worldfootball.net"]
    start_urls = [
        "http://www.worldfootball.net/competition/eng-premier-league/"
    ]

    # get teams in the match
    def parse(self, response):

        for sel in response.xpath('//div[@id="tabelle_0"]/div[@class="data"]/table[1]/tr'):

            clubName = sel.xpath('.//td[3]/a/text()').extract()

            if clubName:
                item = PremierleagueItem()

                item['clubName'] = clubName

                clubHref = sel.xpath('.//td[2]/a/@href').extract_first()
                clubUrl = response.urljoin(clubHref)

                request = scrapy.Request(clubUrl, callback=self.parse_get_historic_results_link)

                request.meta['item'] = item
                yield request

    def parse_get_historic_results_link(self, response):

        item = response.meta['item']

        href2 = response.xpath('//div[@class="navibox2"]/div[@class="data"]/ul[5]/li[2]/a[1]/@href').extract_first()
        url2 = response.urljoin(href2)

        request = scrapy.Request(url2, callback=self.parse_seasons)

        request.meta['item'] = item
        yield request

    def parse_seasons(self, response):

        item = response.meta['item']

        for sel in response.xpath('(//table[@class="standard_tabelle"])[1]/tr/td[2]/a'):
            href = sel.xpath('.//@href').extract_first()
            url = response.urljoin(href)

            request = scrapy.Request(url, callback=self.parse_results)
            request.meta['item'] = item

            yield request

    @staticmethod
    def parse_results(response):

        item = response.meta['item']

        item['matches'] = []
        for sel in response.xpath('(//table[@class="standard_tabelle"])[1]/tr[position() > 3]'):
                matchDict = dict(zip((
                    'round',
                    'date',
                    'place',
                         'opponent',
                'results'), filter(None, map(unicode.strip,(sel.xpath("./td[normalize-space(.)]//text()").extract())))))
                item['matches'].append(matchDict)
        yield item

输出片段:

{'clubName': [u'Manchester City'],
 'matches': [{'date': u'09/09/1911',
              'opponent': u'Liverpool FC',
              'place': u'A',
              'results': u'2:2',
              'round': u'2. Round'},
             {'date': u'16/09/1911',
              'opponent': u'Aston Villa',
              'place': u'H',
              'results': u'2:6',
              'round': u'3. Round'},
             {'date': u'23/09/1911',
              'opponent': u'Newcastle United',
              'place': u'A',
              'results': u'0:1',
              'round': u'4. Round'},
             {'date': u'30/09/1911',
              'opponent': u'Sheffield United',
              'place': u'H',
              'results': u'0:0',
              'round': u'5. Round'},
             {'date': u'07/10/1911',
              'opponent': u'Oldham Athletic',
              'place': u'A',
              'results': u'1:4',
              'round': u'6. Round'},
             {'date': u'14/10/1911',
              'opponent': u'Bolton Wanderers',
              'place': u'H',
              'results': u'3:1',
              'round': u'8. Round'},
             {'date': u'21/10/1911',
              'opponent': u'Bradford City',
              'place': u'A',
              'results': u'1:4',
              'round': u'9. Round'},
             {'date': u'28/10/1911',
              'opponent': u'Woolwich Arsenal',
              'place': u'H',
              'results': u'3:3',
              'round': u'9. Round'},
             {'date': u'04/11/1911',
              'opponent': u'Preston North End',
              'place': u'A',
              'results': u'1:2',
              'round': u'10. Round'},
             {'date': u'11/11/1911',
              'opponent': u'Everton FC',
              'place': u'A',
              'results': u'0:1',
              'round': u'12. Round'},
             {'date': u'18/11/1911',
              'opponent': u'West Bromwich Albion',
              'place': u'H',
              'results': u'0:2',
              'round': u'12. Round'},
             {'date': u'25/11/1911',
              'opponent': u'Sunderland AFC',
              'place': u'A',
              'results': u'1:1',
              'round': u'13. Round'},
             {'date': u'02/12/1911',
              'opponent': u'Blackburn Rovers',
              'place': u'H',
              'results': u'3:0',
              'round': u'15. Round'},
             {'date': u'09/12/1911',
              'opponent': u'Sheffield Wednesday',
              'place': u'A',
              'results': u'0:3',
              'round': u'15. Round'},
             {'date': u'16/12/1911',
              'opponent': u'Bury FC',
              'place': u'H',
              'results': u'2:0',
              'round': u'16. Round'},
             {'date': u'23/12/1911',
              'opponent': u'Middlesbrough FC',
              'place': u'A',
              'results': u'1:3',
              'round': u'17. Round'},
             {'date': u'25/12/1911',
              'opponent': u'Notts County',
              'place': u'A',
              'results': u'1:0',
              'round': u'18. Round'},
             {'date': u'26/12/1911',
              'opponent': u'Notts County',
              'place': u'H',
              'results': u'4:0',
              'round': u'19. Round'},
             {'date': u'30/12/1911',
              'opponent': u'Manchester United',
              'place': u'A',
              'results': u'0:0',
              'round': u'20. Round'},
             {'date': u'06/01/1912',
              'opponent': u'Liverpool FC',
              'place': u'H',
              'results': u'2:3',
              'round': u'21. Round'},
             {'date': u'20/01/1912',
              'opponent': u'Aston Villa',
              'place': u'A',
              'results': u'1:3',
              'round': u'22. Round'},
             {'date': u'27/01/1912',
              'opponent': u'Newcastle United',
              'place': u'H',
              'results': u'1:1',
              'round': u'23. Round'},
             {'date': u'10/02/1912',
              'opponent': u'Oldham Athletic',
              'place': u'H',
              'results': u'1:3',
              'round': u'24. Round'},
             {'date': u'17/02/1912',
              'opponent': u'Bolton Wanderers',
              'place': u'A',
              'results': u'1:2',
              'round': u'27. Round'},
             {'date': u'26/02/1912',
              'opponent': u'Sheffield United',
              'place': u'A',
              'results': u'2:6',
              'round': u'26. Round'},
             {'date': u'02/03/1912',
              'opponent': u'Woolwich Arsenal',
              'place': u'A',
              'results': u'0:2',
              'round': u'28. Round'},
             {'date': u'09/03/1912',
              'opponent': u'Preston North End',
              'place': u'H',
              'results': u'0:0',
              'round': u'28. Round'},
             {'date': u'16/03/1912',
              'opponent': u'Everton FC',
              'place': u'H',
              'results': u'4:0',
              'round': u'29. Round'},
             {'date': u'23/03/1912',
              'opponent': u'West Bromwich Albion',
              'place': u'A',
              'results': u'1:1',
              'round': u'30. Round'},
             {'date': u'28/03/1912',
              'opponent': u'Bradford City',
              'place': u'H',
              'results': u'4:0',
              'round': u'31. Round'},
             {'date': u'30/03/1912',
              'opponent': u'Sunderland AFC',
              'place': u'H',
              'results': u'2:0',
              'round': u'32. Round'},
             {'date': u'05/04/1912',
              'opponent': u'Tottenham Hotspur',
              'place': u'H',
              'results': u'2:1',
              'round': u'33. Round'},
             {'date': u'06/04/1912',
              'opponent': u'Blackburn Rovers',
              'place': u'A',
              'results': u'0:2',
              'round': u'31. Round'},
             {'date': u'08/04/1912',
              'opponent': u'Tottenham Hotspur',
              'place': u'A',
              'results': u'2:0',
              'round': u'35. Round'},
             {'date': u'13/04/1912',
              'opponent': u'Sheffield Wednesday',
              'place': u'H',
              'results': u'4:0',
              'round': u'36. Round'},
             {'date': u'20/04/1912',
              'opponent': u'Bury FC',
              'place': u'A',
              'results': u'2:1',
              'round': u'37. Round'},
             {'date': u'27/04/1912',
              'opponent': u'Middlesbrough FC',
              'place': u'H',
              'results': u'2:0',
              'round': u'38. Round'}]}

你需要做更多的事情来获得你想要的确切格式,但无论你做什么,你需要使用正确的xpaths,你还应该知道你将回到大约1900年,所以将会有一个很多输出可能更适合数据库。我还从每个页面中拉出第一个表格,当联赛结果不止一个时,会有只有足球杯结果等的页面和输出球队等......如果你想得到所有数据那就是像:

for tbl in response.xpath('(//table[@class="standard_tabelle"])'):
            for sel in tbl.xpath("./tr[position() > 3]"):
                matchDict = dict(zip((
                    'round',
                    'date',
                    'place',
                    'opponent',
                    'results'),
                    filter(None, map(unicode.strip, (sel.xpath("./td[normalize-space(.)]//text()").extract())))))
                item['matches'].append(matchDict)
        yield item

在第一桌的下半部分也有一些杯赛成绩,所以如果你只想要超级联赛:

@staticmethod
def parse_results(response):
    item = response.meta['item']
    item['matches'] = []
    table = response.xpath('(//table[@class="standard_tabelle"])[1]')
    for sel in table.xpath("./tr[position() > 3]"):
        title = sel.xpath("./td/a/@title").extract_first()
        if title and "premier" not in title.lower():
            return
        matchDict = dict(zip((
            'round',
            'date',
            'place',
            'opponent',
            'results'),
            filter(None, map(unicode.strip, (sel.xpath("./td[normalize-space(.)]//text()").extract())))))
        item['matches'].append(matchDict)
    yield item