Angular2 - 组件变量/组件类属性的双向数据绑定?

时间:2016-02-25 22:26:00

标签: javascript angular data-binding 2-way-object-databinding

在Angular2(Beta 6)中,我有一个主菜单组件。

<mainmenu></mainmenu>

我想为宽或窄绑定一个布尔值。所以我把它变成了这个:

<mainmenu [(menuvisible)]="true"></mainmenu>

但我想要(我认为)是绑定到一个javascript类属性(因为我可能有其他东西需要绑定,但希望通过在组件中使用单个类来整洁)。

我收到错误

  

EXCEPTION:模板解析错误:属性名称无效   &#39; menumodel.visible&#39; (&#34;

     

] [(menumodel.visible)] =&#34; menumodel.visible&#34;&GT;

如果我尝试使用单个变量而不是我得到的类:

  

模板解析错误:解析器错误:意外的令牌&#39; =&#39;

然而,这种(单向绑定?)似乎确实有用(但我可能想触发菜单从另一个组件扩展/缩小,所以觉得这应该是一个双向数据绑定属性):

<menu [vis]="true"></menu>

这是我的菜单组件:

@Component({
    selector: 'menu',
    templateUrl: './app/menu.html',
    providers: [HTTP_PROVIDERS, ApplicationService],
    directives: [ROUTER_DIRECTIVES, FORM_DIRECTIVES, NgClass, NgForm]
})
export class MenuComponent implements OnInit {

    mainmenu: MainMenuVM;

    constructor(private _applicationService: ApplicationService) {
        this.mainmenu = new MainMenuVM();
    }

    // ...ngOnInit, various functions

}

这是我的MainMenu View Model类

export class MainMenuVM {
    public visible: boolean;
    constructor(
    ) { this.visible = true; }
}

我试图创建一个包含图标和文字的菜单,但可以缩小到只显示图标。我将向上发送此事件到父组件以更改菜单旁边的容器位置。触发内容容器以最大化将触发菜单缩小 - 我不是说这是最好的方法,但我想在深入之前解决这个特定的问题。

请注意:我不是在这里数据绑定到输入控件 - 只是数据绑定到组件,然后我可以修改UI。

这是来自Angular cheatsheet

<my-cmp [(title)]="name">   
Sets up two-way data binding. Equivalent to: <my-cmp [title]="name" (titleChange)="name=$event">

提前致谢!

更新

整合来自已接受答案的代码并根据我的特定用例调整最终的工作代码:

app.html

...header html content

// This is what I started with
<!--<menu [menuvisible]="true" (menuvisibleChange)="menuvisible=$event"></menu>-->

// This is two way data binding
// 1. Banana-in-a-box is the input parameter
// 2. Banana-in-a-box is also the output parameter name (Angular appends it's usage with Change in code - to follow shortly)
// 3. Banana-in-a-box is the short hand way to declare the commented out code
// 4. First parameter (BIAB) refers to the child component, the second refers the variable it will store the result into.
// 5. If you just need an input use the remmed out code with just the first attribute / value
<menu [(menuvisible)]="menuvisible"></menu>

.. div content start 
<router-outlet></router-outlet>
.. div content end 

app.component.ts(root)

export class AppComponent implements OnInit{
   menuvisible: Boolean;
}

menu.component.ts(root的子级)

export class MenuComponent implements OnInit {
    // Parameters - notice the appending of "Change"
    @Input() menuvisible: boolean;
    @Output() menuvisibleChange: EventEmitter<boolean> = new EventEmitter<boolean>();

    // Init
    ngOnInit() {
        // Populate menu - fetch application list       
        this.getApplications();

        // Initially we want to show/hide the menu depending on the input parameter
        (this.menuvisible === true) ? this.showMenu() : this.hideMenu();
    }

    //...more code
}

menu.html

<div id="menu" [ngClass]="menuStateClass" style="position: absolute; top:0px; left: 0px;z-index: 800; height: 100%; color: #fff; background-color: #282d32">
    <div style="margin-top: 35px; padding: 5px 0px 5px 0px;">

        <ul class="menuList" style="overflow-x: hidden;">
            <li>IsMenuVisible:{{menuvisible}}</li>
            <li style="border-bottom: 1px solid #3d4247"><a (click)="toggleMenu()"><i class="fa fa-bars menuIcon" style="color: white; font-size: 16px;"></i></a></li>
            <li *ngFor="#app of applications">
                <a [routerLink]="[app.routerLink]">
                    <i class="menuIcon" [ngClass]="app.icon" [style.color]="app.iconColour" style="color: white;"></i>
                    <span [hidden]="menuStateTextHidden">{{ app.name }}</span>
                </a>
            </li>
        </ul>

    </div>
</div>

请记住导入您需要的内容,例如

  

从中导入{Component,EventEmitter,OnInit,Input,Output}   &#39; angular2 /核心&#39 ;;

强烈推荐You Tube上的这个视频: Angular 2 Tutorial (2016) - Inputs and Outputs

2 个答案:

答案 0 :(得分:32)

对于双向绑定,您需要以下内容:

@Component({
    selector: 'menu',
    template: `
<button (click)="menuvisible = !menuvisible; menuvisibleChange.emit(menuvisible)">toggle</button>
<!-- or 
   <button (click)="toggleVisible()">toggle</button> -->
`,
    // HTTP_PROVIDERS should now be imports: [HttpModule] in @NgModule()
    providers: [/*HTTP_PROVIDERS*/, ApplicationService],
    // This should now be added to declarations and imports in @NgModule()
    // imports: [RouterModule, CommonModule, FormsModule]
    directives: [/*ROUTER_DIRECTIVES, FORM_DIRECTIVES, NgClass, NgForm*/]
})
export class MenuComponent implements OnInit {
    @Input() menuvisible:boolean;
    @Output() menuvisibleChange:EventEmitter<boolean> = new EventEmitter<boolean>();

    // toggleVisible() {
    //   this.menuvisible = !this.menuvisible;       
    //   this.menuvisibleChange.emit(this.menuvisible);
    // }
}

并像

一样使用它
@Component({
  selector: 'some-component',
  template: `
<menu [(menuvisible)]="menuVisibleInParent"></menu>
<div>visible: {{menuVisibleInParent}}</div>
`
  directives: [MenuComponent]
})
class SomeComponent {
  menuVisibleInParent: boolean;
}

答案 1 :(得分:6)

我创造了一个短的傻瓜。

ngModel Like Two-Way-Databinding for components

至少有两种可能性为组件创建双向数据绑定

V1:使用ngModel Like语法,您必须创建一个@Output属性,其名称与@Input属性相同+&#34;更改&#34;在@Output属性名称的末尾

@Input() name : string;
@Output() nameChange = new EventEmitter<string>(); 

使用V1,您现在可以使用ngModel语法

绑定到子组件
[(name)]="firstname"

V2。只需使用您喜欢的命名创建一个@Input和@Output属性

@Input() age : string;
@Output() ageChanged = new EventEmitter<string>();

使用V2,您必须创建两个属性才能获得双向数据绑定

[age]="alter" (ageChanged)="alter = $event"

父组件

import { Component } from '@angular/core';

@Component({
   selector: 'my-app',
   template: `<p>V1 Parentvalue Name: "{{firstname}}"<br/><input [(ngModel)]="firstname" > <br/><br/>
              V2 Parentvalue Age: "{{alter}}" <br/><input [(ngModel)]="alter"> <br/><br/>

              <my-child [(name)]="firstname" [age]="alter" (ageChanged)="alter = $event"></my-child></p>`
})
export class AppComponent { 
    firstname = 'Angular'; 
    alter = "18"; 
}

子组件

import { Component, Input, Output, EventEmitter } from '@angular/core';

@Component({
   selector: 'my-child',
   template: `<p>V1 Childvalue Name: "{{name}}"<br/><input [(ngModel)]="name" (keyup)="onNameChanged()"> <br/><br/>
              <p>V2 Childvalue Age: "{{age}}"<br/><input [(ngModel)]="age"  (keyup)="onAgeChanged()"> <br/></p>`
 })
export class ChildComponent { 
     @Input() name : string;
     @Output() nameChange = new EventEmitter<string>();

     @Input() age : string;
     @Output() ageChanged = new EventEmitter<string>();

     public onNameChanged() {
         this.nameChange.emit(this.name);
     }

     public onAgeChanged() {
         this.ageChanged.emit(this.age);
     }
 }