Question

我正在使用Rails 4.2.3并尝试创建仅在我的应用程序中可访问的环境变量（而不是将它们存储在〜/ .bashrc文件或某些特定于操作系统的解决方案中）。所以我用

创建了文件“config / environment_variables.yml”

development:
  GOOGLE_CLIENT_ID: 999995268318-o5ejue1pgtsjoid0f0k8r7lcksfse6hk.apps.googleusercontent.com
  GOOGLE_SECRET: 28bfoTU_RbRKkdxv7_wkNzw5
  FACEBOOK_KEY: 1588888667329742
  FACEBOOK_SECRET: 4444g1faeb11111e5392892d397b79f8e
production:
  GOOGLE_CLIENT_ID: 999995268318-o5ejue1pgtsjoid0f0k8r7lcksfse6hk.apps.googleusercontent.com
  GOOGLE_SECRET: 28bfoTU_RbRKkdxv7_wkNzw5
  FACEBOOK_KEY: 1588888667329742
  FACEBOOK_SECRET: 4444g1faeb11111e5392892d397b79f8e

然后我创建了文件“config / initializers / environment_variables.rb”

module EnvironmentVariablesExample
  class Application < Rails::Application
    config.before_configuration do
      env_file = Rails.root.join("config", 'environment_variables.yml').to_s

      if File.exists?(env_file)
        YAML.load_file(env_file)[Rails.env].each do |key, value|
          ENV[key.to_s] = value
        end # end YAML.load_file
      end # end if File.exists?
    end # end config.before_configuration
  end # end class
end # end module

但是当我使用“rails s”在本地计算机上启动服务器时，我收到此错误

Exiting
/Users/davea/Documents/workspace/pushupmoose/config/initializers/environment_variables.rb:8:in `[]=': no implicit conversion of Fixnum into String (TypeError)
    from /Users/davea/Documents/workspace/pushupmoose/config/initializers/environment_variables.rb:8:in `block (2 levels) in <class:Application>'
    from /Users/davea/Documents/workspace/pushupmoose/config/initializers/environment_variables.rb:7:in `each'
    from /Users/davea/Documents/workspace/pushupmoose/config/initializers/environment_variables.rb:7:in `block in <class:Application>'
    from /Users/davea/.rvm/gems/ruby-2.3.0/gems/activesupport-4.2.5/lib/active_support/lazy_load_hooks.rb:36:in `execute_hook'
    from /Users/davea/.rvm/gems/ruby-2.3.0/gems/activesupport-4.2.5/lib/active_support/lazy_load_hooks.rb:28:in `block in on_load'
    from /Users/davea/.rvm/gems/ruby-2.3.0/gems/activesupport-4.2.5/lib/active_support/lazy_load_hooks.rb:27:in `each'
    from /Users/davea/.rvm/gems/ruby-2.3.0/gems/activesupport-4.2.5/lib/active_support/lazy_load_hooks.rb:27:in `on_load'
    from /Users/davea/.rvm/gems/ruby-2.3.0/gems/railties-4.2.5/lib/rails/railtie/configuration.rb:53:in `before_configuration'
    from /Users/davea/Documents/workspace/pushupmoose/config/initializers/environment_variables.rb:3:in `<class:Application>'
    from /Users/davea/Documents/workspace/pushupmoose/config/initializers/environment_variables.rb:2:in `<module:EnvironmentVariablesExample>'
    from /Users/davea/Documents/workspace/pushupmoose/config/initializers/environment_variables.rb:1:in `<top (required)>'
    from /Users/davea/.rvm/gems/ruby-2.3.0/gems/activesupport-4.2.5/lib/active_support/dependencies.rb:268:in `load'
    from /Users/davea/.rvm/gems/ruby-2.3.0/gems/activesupport-4.2.5/lib/active_support/dependencies.rb:268:in `block in load'
    from /Users/davea/.rvm/gems/ruby-2.3.0/gems/activesupport-4.2.5/lib/active_support/dependencies.rb:240:in `load_dependency'
    from /Users/davea/.rvm/gems/ruby-2.3.0/gems/activesupport-4.2.5/lib/active_support/dependencies.rb:268:in `load'
    from /Users/davea/.rvm/gems/ruby-2.3.0/gems/railties-4.2.5/lib/rails/engine.rb:652:in `block in load_config_initializer'
    from /Users/davea/.rvm/gems/ruby-2.3.0/gems/activesupport-4.2.5/lib/active_support/notifications.rb:166:in `instrument'
    from /Users/davea/.rvm/gems/ruby-2.3.0/gems/railties-4.2.5/lib/rails/engine.rb:651:in `load_config_initializer'
    from /Users/davea/.rvm/gems/ruby-2.3.0/gems/railties-4.2.5/lib/rails/engine.rb:616:in `block (2 levels) in <class:Engine>'
    from /Users/davea/.rvm/gems/ruby-2.3.0/gems/railties-4.2.5/lib/rails/engine.rb:615:in `each'
    from /Users/davea/.rvm/gems/ruby-2.3.0/gems/railties-4.2.5/lib/rails/engine.rb:615:in `block in <class:Engine>'
    from /Users/davea/.rvm/gems/ruby-2.3.0/gems/railties-4.2.5/lib/rails/initializable.rb:30:in `instance_exec'
    from /Users/davea/.rvm/gems/ruby-2.3.0/gems/railties-4.2.5/lib/rails/initializable.rb:30:in `run'
    …

我在上面设置的环境中做错了什么？谢谢， - 戴夫

Answer 1

我认为错误不是因为您设置值的方式，而是因为您设置的值。

＆＃xA;＆＃xA;

您的 FACEBOOK_KEY 值是 YAML.load_file 将遵循的数字。然后，它将尝试将这些数值存储在 ENV 中。但是， ENV 只喜欢字符串值。

＆＃xA;＆＃xA;

  2.2.1：019＆gt; ENV ['test'] = 1＆＃xA; TypeError：没有将Fixnum隐式转换为String＆＃xA; from（irb）：19：in [[] ='＆＃xA; from（irb）：19＆＃xA;＆ #xA; 2.2.1：020＆gt; ENV ['test'] ='1'＆＃xA; =＆gt; “1”＆＃xA;

＆＃xA;＆＃xA;

因此，如果您将 FACEBOOK_KEY 值包装在双引号中，您应该没问题：< / p>＆＃XA;＆＃XA;

 <代码>发展：＆＃XA; FACEBOOK_KEY：“1588888667329742”＆＃xA;

＆＃xA;

Answer 2

你可以使用名为dotenv-rails的gem。文档在这里： https://github.com/bkeepers/dotenv 只需在Gemfile中写：

gem 'dotenv-rails'

然后运行bundle install。之后在app的主目录中创建一个名为'.env.local'的文件，并在该文件中写：

export GOOGLE_CLIENT_ID=YOUR_ID

（没有任何引号的ID）以及您想要使用的点：

ENV['GOOGLE_CLIENT_ID']

对于生产，只需创建另一个文件'.env.production'。记得在gitignore中打电话给'.env *'。

有关开发和生产结帐中环境变量的更多信息，请参阅此博文：https://sulmanbaig.com/blogs/using-environment-variables-in-rails-heroku-capistrano

如何在我的Rails应用程序中设置环境变量？

2 个答案: