是否可以在工厂方法中使用单例?我有很多使用工厂方法的域名。我该如何解决这个问题。请帮我举个例子。
答案 0 :(得分:6)
在这个例子中,我相信你会想要同步你的getInstance()方法,以确保两个线程不同时输入它。否则,两个线程可以在实例化单例的块内部结束,这是非常有问题的。此解决方案的唯一问题是,每次调用getInstance()时,都要为方法的同步支付额外费用。 例如:
public static synchronized Singleton getInstance()
{
// since whole method is synchronized only 1 thread can
// enter the following block ensuring only one instance
// is ever created. however we pay a synchronization
// penalty every time this method is called.
if(mInstance==null) {
mInstance=new Singleton();
}
return mInstance;
}
或者你也可以切换到使用单例实例的急切初始化而不是延迟初始化,如果初始化是便宜的,这保证了并发性以及不支持调用getInstance()方法的同步惩罚。 例如:
// no synchronization penalty, but penalty for eager init
private static Singleton mInstance = new Singleton();
public static Singleton getInstance()
{
return mInstance;
}
最优化的方法是使用双重检查锁定,由于1.4或更早版本的JVM中volatile关键字的不同实现,您需要Java 1.5或更高版本才能可靠地使用(请参阅“Head First Design Patterns”第5章由O'Reilly Media,Inc。出版的第182页 - 这是我第一次阅读此内容。) 例如:
private volatile static Singleton mInstance;
private Singleton(){}
public static Singleton getInstance()
{
if(mInstance==null) {
synchronized (Singleton.class) {
// only pay synchronization penalty once
if(mInstance==null){
mInstance=new Singleton();
}
}
}
return mInstance;
}
答案 1 :(得分:4)
“...为创建Singleton类实例的对象创建一个接口。这实际上是GoF书中Abstract Factory,Factory Method和Functor模式的组合。”
/**
* An interface defining objects that can create Singleton
* instances.
*/
public interface SingletonFactoryFunctor {
/**
* @return An instance of the Singleton.
*/
public Singleton makeInstance();
}
答案 2 :(得分:3)
您应该从工厂方法调用Singleton getInstance()
方法。 getInstance()
逻辑应该处理返回Singleton的一个实例的细节。
答案 3 :(得分:2)
Singleton你可以实现如下:
public class Singleton {
private static Singleton mInstance;
private Singleton(){}
public static Singleton getInstance()
{
if(mInstance==null){
mInstance=new Singleton();
}
return mInstance;
}
}
这个类你可以在你想要的每个工厂方法中返回,就像之前描述的mepcotterell一样。
答案 4 :(得分:0)
此示例不是正式的工厂模式(GoF),但如果您像Static Factory Method
那样使用它仍然有用
abstract class Product {
}
class ConcreteProduct extends Product{
}
class ProductSupportFactory {
private static ProductSupportFactory instance = null;
private ConcreteProduct product = null;
static {
instance = new ProductSupportFactory();
}
private ProductSupportFactory() {
product = new ConcreteProduct(); //object initialization
}
public static ProductSupportFactory getInstance(){
return instance;
}
public ConcreteProduct getProduct() {
return product;
}
public void setProduct(ConcreteProduct product) {
this.product = product;
}
}
public class ProductConsumer {
public static void main(String args[]){ //client
ConcreteProduct uniqueInstance = ProductSupportFactory.getInstance().getProduct();
ConcreteProduct sharedInstance = ProductSupportFactory.getInstance().getProduct(); //same object hash
}
}
abstract class Product {
}
class ConcreteProduct extends Product{
}
class ProductSupportFactory {
private static ProductSupportFactory instance = null;
private ConcreteProduct product = null;
static {
instance = new ProductSupportFactory();
}
private ProductSupportFactory() {
product = new ConcreteProduct(); //object initialization
}
public static ProductSupportFactory getInstance(){
return instance;
}
public ConcreteProduct getProduct() {
return product;
}
public void setProduct(ConcreteProduct product) {
this.product = product;
}
}
public class ProductConsumer {
public static void main(String args[]){ //client
ConcreteProduct uniqueInstance = ProductSupportFactory.getInstance().getProduct();
ConcreteProduct sharedInstance = ProductSupportFactory.getInstance().getProduct(); //same object hash
}
}