如何让@Component类中的方法成为@Transactional？

时间：2016-02-23 13:37:18

标签： java spring-boot rollback transactional

我正在编写一个基于spring-boot的应用程序。在我的代码中，我有一个管理器类UManager，其中有一个方法保存。在这种方法中，有两个动作正在参与其中。第一个使用另一个管理器保存一些数据，第二个保存给予保存方法的数据。现在当其中一个动作失败时，两个动作都应该撤消。我假设，使用@Transactional注释将提供我需要的内容，就好像其中一个操作失败一样，整个事务将被回滚，并且不会对数据库进行任何更改。 

@Component
public class UManager {

    @Autowired
    AManager aManager;

    @Autowired
    URepository uRepository;

    ... some stuff happening here

    @Transactional
    public U save(UBuilder uBuilder) {
            aManager.save(something);
            uRepository.save(uBuilder.build());
    }
}

只要将@Transactional注释添加到save方法，应用程序就无法启动。我收到以下错误：

org.springframework.beans.factory.BeanCreationException: Error creating bean with name 'bController': Injection of autowired dependencies failed;

我做错了什么或者我错过了什么？

编辑： 这是堆栈跟踪：

org.springframework.beans.factory.BeanCreationException: Error creating bean with name 'bController': Injection of autowired dependencies failed; nested exception is org.springframework.beans.factory.BeanCreationException: Could not autowire field: UManager BController.uManager; nested exception is java.lang.IllegalArgumentException: Can not set UManager field BController.uManager to com.sun.proxy.$Proxy102
at org.springframework.beans.factory.annotation.AutowiredAnnotationBeanPostProcessor.postProcessPropertyValues(AutowiredAnnotationBeanPostProcessor.java:334) ~[spring-beans-4.2.4.RELEASE.jar:4.2.4.RELEASE]
at org.springframework.beans.factory.support.AbstractAutowireCapableBeanFactory.populateBean(AbstractAutowireCapableBeanFactory.java:1214) ~[spring-beans-4.2.4.RELEASE.jar:4.2.4.RELEASE]
at org.springframework.beans.factory.support.AbstractAutowireCapableBeanFactory.doCreateBean(AbstractAutowireCapableBeanFactory.java:543) ~[spring-beans-4.2.4.RELEASE.jar:4.2.4.RELEASE]
at org.springframework.beans.factory.support.AbstractAutowireCapableBeanFactory.createBean(AbstractAutowireCapableBeanFactory.java:482) ~[spring-beans-4.2.4.RELEASE.jar:4.2.4.RELEASE]
at org.springframework.beans.factory.support.AbstractBeanFactory$1.getObject(AbstractBeanFactory.java:306) ~[spring-beans-4.2.4.RELEASE.jar:4.2.4.RELEASE]
at org.springframework.beans.factory.support.DefaultSingletonBeanRegistry.getSingleton(DefaultSingletonBeanRegistry.java:230) ~[spring-beans-4.2.4.RELEASE.jar:4.2.4.RELEASE]
at org.springframework.beans.factory.support.AbstractBeanFactory.doGetBean(AbstractBeanFactory.java:302) ~[spring-beans-4.2.4.RELEASE.jar:4.2.4.RELEASE]
at org.springframework.beans.factory.support.AbstractBeanFactory.getBean(AbstractBeanFactory.java:197) ~[spring-beans-4.2.4.RELEASE.jar:4.2.4.RELEASE]
at org.springframework.beans.factory.support.DefaultListableBeanFactory.preInstantiateSingletons(DefaultListableBeanFactory.java:772) ~[spring-beans-4.2.4.RELEASE.jar:4.2.4.RELEASE]
at org.springframework.context.support.AbstractApplicationContext.finishBeanFactoryInitialization(AbstractApplicationContext.java:839) ~[spring-context-4.2.4.RELEASE.jar:4.2.4.RELEASE]
at org.springframework.context.support.AbstractApplicationContext.refresh(AbstractApplicationContext.java:538) ~[spring-context-4.2.4.RELEASE.jar:4.2.4.RELEASE]
at org.springframework.boot.context.embedded.EmbeddedWebApplicationContext.refresh(EmbeddedWebApplicationContext.java:118) ~[spring-boot-1.3.1.RELEASE.jar:1.3.1.RELEASE]
at org.springframework.boot.SpringApplication.refresh(SpringApplication.java:764) [spring-boot-1.3.1.RELEASE.jar:1.3.1.RELEASE]
at org.springframework.boot.SpringApplication.doRun(SpringApplication.java:357) [spring-boot-1.3.1.RELEASE.jar:1.3.1.RELEASE]
at org.springframework.boot.SpringApplication.run(SpringApplication.java:305) [spring-boot-1.3.1.RELEASE.jar:1.3.1.RELEASE]
at org.springframework.boot.SpringApplication.run(SpringApplication.java:1124) [spring-boot-1.3.1.RELEASE.jar:1.3.1.RELEASE]
at org.springframework.boot.SpringApplication.run(SpringApplication.java:1113) [spring-boot-1.3.1.RELEASE.jar:1.3.1.RELEASE]
at RApplication.main(RApplication.java:44) [classes/:na]
at sun.reflect.NativeMethodAccessorImpl.invoke0(Native Method) ~[na:1.8.0_72]
at sun.reflect.NativeMethodAccessorImpl.invoke(NativeMethodAccessorImpl.java:62) ~[na:1.8.0_72]
at sun.reflect.DelegatingMethodAccessorImpl.invoke(DelegatingMethodAccessorImpl.java:43) ~[na:1.8.0_72]
at java.lang.reflect.Method.invoke(Method.java:498) ~[na:1.8.0_72]
at org.springframework.boot.maven.AbstractRunMojo$LaunchRunner.run(AbstractRunMojo.java:467) [spring-boot-maven-plugin-1.3.1.RELEASE.jar:1.3.1.RELEASE]
at java.lang.Thread.run(Thread.java:745) [na:1.8.0_72]

编辑2： RApplication：

import org.springframework.boot.SpringApplication;
import org.springframework.boot.autoconfigure.SpringBootApplication;
import org.springframework.scheduling.annotation.EnableScheduling;
import org.springframework.transaction.annotation.EnableTransactionManagement;
import org.springframework.web.servlet.config.annotation.WebMvcConfigurerAdapter;

@SpringBootApplication
@EnableScheduling
@EnableTransactionManagement
public class RApplication {

    public static void main(String[] args) {
        SpringApplication.run(RaumbuchungApplication.class, args); //this is the line mentioned in the stacktrace
    }
}

UManager：

import org.springframework.beans.factory.annotation.Autowired;
import org.springframework.stereotype.Component;
import org.springframework.transaction.annotation.Transactional;

import de.mischok.hfmw.raumbuchung.data.URepository;
import de.mischok.hfmw.raumbuchung.types.U;
import de.mischok.hfmw.raumbuchung.types.UBuilder;

@Component
public class UManager {

    @Autowired
    URepository uRepository;

    @Transactional
    public U save(UBuilder uBuilder){

    }
}

BController：

import org.springframework.beans.factory.annotation.Autowired;
import org.springframework.stereotype.Controller;
import org.springframework.web.bind.annotation.RequestMapping;
import UManager;

@Controller
@RequestMapping("my/Path")
public class BController {

    @Autowired
    UManager uManager;
}

这些是代码的重要部分，因为其他部分不涉及问题。

3 个答案:

答案 0 :(得分：2)

如果你没有使用xml spring配置，但是你有一个Application类（我猜你发布的堆栈跟踪RApplication），那么配置确保用@EnableTransactionManagement <注释/ p>

e.g：

@Configuration  
@ComponentScan 
@EnableAutoConfiguration  
@EnableJpaRepositories
@EnableTransactionManagement
public class Application { 
     //rest code goes here
}

修改 错误显示代理对象失败，您应该自动装入要注入的类（UManager）的接口而不是类本身。

e.g。

更改您的UManager类以实现接口（当然也会向接口声明UManager的任何公共方法）

public class UManager implements IUManager

并在你的bController类中自动装配接口而不是类

public class BController {
    @Autowired
    IUManager uManager;
}

答案 1 :(得分：0)

您必须首先创建一个事务管理器，如下所示：

<bean id="txManager" class="org.springframework.jdbc.datasource.DataSourceTransactionManager">
    <property name="dataSource" ref="dataSource"/>
</bean>

然后通过指定它来进行注释驱动：

<tx:annotation-driven transaction-manager = "txManager" />

现在您应该可以使用@Transactional。

答案 2 :(得分：0)

所描述的错误看起来像来自另一个尝试Autowire UManager的bean。我不是Spring的专家，但是当你把Transactional放到DAO类型的Component时，你应该将bean声明为Repository } bean而不是泛型Component。 What's the difference between @Component, @Repository & @Service annotations in Spring?处的各种注释之间存在更多差异。

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