我的程序遇到了一个相当恼人的问题。该程序由3个不同的功能组成，其中练习2和3正在运行，但是，练习1不断给我一个分段错误：11 - 我不知道为什么。任何人都可以解决这个问题并解释它为什么会发生如果有任何帮助，我将不胜感激！
#include <stdio.h>
#include <stdlib.h>
#include <string.h>
#define MAX_LINE 200 /* MAX NO. OF CHARACTERS FROM THE WHOLE FILE */
#define MAX_NAME 10 /* MAX NO. OF CHARACTERS OF WEEKDAg, HOME- AND GUEST TEAM */
/* STRUCTURES */
typedef struct
{
char weekday[MAX_NAME];
char date[MAX_NAME];
char the_time[MAX_NAME];
char team_home[MAX_NAME];
char team_guest[MAX_NAME];
char spectators1[MAX_NAME];
char spectators2[MAX_NAME];
int goal_home;
int goal_guests;
int tilskuere;
int the_score;
} games;
/* PROTOTYPES */
int main_print();
int main_interactive();
int read_file(games *game);
int tilskuertal(games *game, int num_matches);
void uafgjorte_kampe_med_antal_maal(char *team, int goal, games *game, int num_matches);
void AAB_game(games *game, games *game_with_AAB, int num_matches);
int comparing(const void *a, const void *b);
/* MAIN FUNCTION */
int main(int argc, char *argv[])
{
if (argc == 2 && strcmp(argv[1], "--print") == 0)
return main_print();
else
return main_interactive();
}
/* PRINT WITH " --PRINT " */
int main_print()
{
games game[MAX_LINE];
games game_with_AAB[MAX_LINE];
int num_matches = read_file(game);
tilskuertal(game, num_matches);
char *team = "AAB";
int goal = 2;
uafgjorte_kampe_med_antal_maal(team, goal, game, num_matches);
AAB_game(game, game_with_AAB, num_matches);
return 0;
}
/* SELECT WHICH EXERCISE TO PRINT */
int main_interactive()
{
int select, goal, k, i, l;
char team[4];
games game[MAX_LINE];
games game_with_AAB[MAX_LINE];
int num_matches = read_file(game);
printf("\nPress 1 to get the number of spectators.\n");
printf("\nPress 2 to get the matches ending with a draw.\n");
printf("\nPress 3 to get the matches played by AAB.\n\n");
scanf("%d", &select);
switch(select)
{
case 1: tilskuertal(game, num_matches); break;
case 2: printf("Enter the contraction of the team in uppercase letters: \n");
scanf("%s", team);
printf("Enter an even number representing the scores of the match: \n");
scanf("%d", &goal);
l = 1;
for (i = 0; i < num_matches; ++i)
{
k = strcmp(team, game[i].team_home);
if(k == 0)
{
l = k;
}
}
if(l == 0)
{
if(goal % 2 == 0)
{
uafgjorte_kampe_med_antal_maal(team, goal, game, num_matches);
}
else
{
printf("The entered data is not valid.\n");
}
} else{
printf("The entered data is not valid.\n");
} break;
case 3: AAB_game(game, game_with_AAB, num_matches);
break;
default : printf("This was not an option. \n");
}
return 0;
}
/* FUNCTIONS */
/* Reading external text-file */
int read_file(games *game)
{
int a = 0, j, status;
FILE *ipf = fopen("superliga-2014-2015.txt", "r");
for(status = fscanf(ipf, "%d", &j); status != EOF; status = fscanf(ipf, "%d", &j))
{
fscanf(ipf, "%s %s %s %s - %s %d - %d %s",
game[a].weekday, game[a].date,
game[a].the_time, game[a].team_home,
game[a].team_guest, &game[a].goal_home,
&game[a].goal_guests, game[a].spectators1);
a++;
}
fclose(ipf);
return a;
}
/* EXERCISE 1: NUMBER OF SPECTATORS */
int tilskuertal(games *game, int num_matches)
{
int tal_dele[3], i = 0, k;
char *token;
printf("\nExercise 1\n");
while(i != num_matches)
{
tal_dele[2] = 0;
k = 1;
strcpy(game[i].spectators2, game[i].spectators1);
char *s;
s = strchr (game[i].spectators2, '.');
if(s != NULL)
{
token = strtok(game[i].spectators2, ".");
tal_dele[0] = atoi(token);
while(token != NULL)
{
token = strtok(NULL, ".");
tal_dele[k] = atoi(token);
k++;
}
if (tal_dele[2] == 0)
{
game[i].tilskuere = (tal_dele[0] * 1000) + (tal_dele[1]);
} else
{
game[i].tilskuere = (tal_dele[0] * 1000000) + (tal_dele[1] * 1000) + (tal_dele[2]);
}
} else
{
game[i].tilskuere = atoi(game[i].spectators1);
}
printf("There are: %d number of spectators\n", game[i].tilskuere);
i++;
}
return 0;
}
/* EXERCISE 2: DRAW MATCHES */
void uafgjorte_kampe_med_antal_maal(char *team, int goal, games *game, int num_matches)
{
int k = 0, i, l, n;
games draw[MAX_LINE];
for (i = 0; i< num_matches; i++)
{
if (game[i].goal_home == game[i].goal_guests)
{
strcpy(draw[k].weekday, game[i].weekday);
strcpy(draw[k].date, game[i].date);
strcpy(draw[k].the_time, game[i].the_time);
strcpy(draw[k].team_home, game[i].team_home);
strcpy(draw[k].team_guest, game[i].team_guest);
draw[k].goal_home = game[i].goal_home;
draw[k].goal_guests = game[i].goal_guests;
strcpy(draw[k].spectators1, game[i].spectators1);
k++;
}
}
printf("\n\nExercise 2\n\n");
for(i = 0; i < k; ++i)
{
n = strcmp(team, draw[i].team_home);
l = strcmp(team, draw[i].team_guest);
if((draw[i].goal_home * 2 == goal) && ( n == 0|| l == 0))
{
printf("%3s %5s %3s %3s - %3s %3d - %3d %7s\n",
draw[i].weekday, draw[i].date,
draw[i].the_time, draw[i].team_home,
draw[i].team_guest,
draw[i].goal_home, draw[i].goal_guests,
draw[i].spectators1);
}
}
}
/* EXERCISE 3: GAMES PLAYED BY AAB */
void AAB_game(games *game, games *game_with_AAB, int num_matches)
{
printf("\n\nExercise 3\n");
int i, k = 0, f, d;
char *AAB;
AAB = "AAB";
for(i = 0; i < num_matches; i++)
{
d = strcmp(game[i].team_home, AAB);
f = strcmp(game[i].team_guest, AAB);
if(d == 0 || f == 0)
{
strcpy(game_with_AAB[k].weekday, game[i].weekday);
strcpy(game_with_AAB[k].date, game[i].date);
strcpy(game_with_AAB[k].the_time, game[i].the_time);
strcpy(game_with_AAB[k].team_home, game[i].team_home);
strcpy(game_with_AAB[k].team_guest, game[i].team_guest);
game_with_AAB[k].goal_home = game[i].goal_home;
game_with_AAB[k].goal_guests = game[i].goal_guests;
strcpy(game_with_AAB[k].spectators1, game[i].spectators1);
k++;
}
}
for(i = 0; i < k ; ++i)
{
f = strcmp(AAB, game_with_AAB[i].team_home);
d = strcmp(AAB, game_with_AAB[i].team_guest);
if(f == 0)
{
game_with_AAB[i].the_score = game_with_AAB[i].goal_home - game_with_AAB[i].goal_guests;
}
else if(d == 0)
{
game_with_AAB[i].the_score = game_with_AAB[i].goal_guests - game_with_AAB[i].goal_home;
}
}
qsort(game_with_AAB, k, sizeof(games), comparing);
for (i = 0; i < k; ++i)
{
printf("%3s %5s %3s %3s - %3s %3d - %3d %7s\n",
game_with_AAB[i].weekday, game_with_AAB[i].date,
game_with_AAB[i].the_time, game_with_AAB[i].team_home,
game_with_AAB[i].team_guest, game_with_AAB[i].goal_home,
game_with_AAB[i].goal_guests, game_with_AAB[i].spectators1);
}
}
int comparing(const void *a, const void *b)
{
games *the_scoreA = (games *)a;
games *the_scoreB = (games *)b;
return (the_scoreB->the_score - the_scoreA->the_score);
}
以下是我正在阅读的文字档案：
Fre 18/07 18.30 FCN - FCV 3 - 2 3.349
Lor 19/07 17.00 SDR - AAB 0 - 0 3.228
Son 20/07 14.00 OB - HOB 1 - 2 6.015
Son 20/07 17.00 SIF - FCK 0 - 0 5.416
Son 20/07 19.00 FCM - BIF 3 - 1 9.548
Man 21/07 19.00 EFB - RFC 0 - 1 7.257
Fre 25/07 18.30 FCV - OB 3 - 1 2.709
Lor 26/07 17.00 AAB - FCM 2 - 0 7.543
Lor 26/07 19.30 FCK - FCN 2 - 1 12.496
Son 27/07 17.00 RFC - HOB 2 - 1 6.929
Son 27/07 19.00 EFB - SDR 1 - 1 7.170
Man 28/07 19.00 BIF - SIF 2 - 0 15.986
Fre 01/08 18.30 SIF - SDR 0 - 2 3.105
Lor 02/08 15.00 FCV - FCK 2 - 2 5.127
Lor 02/08 17.00 OB - AAB 1 - 1 5.840
Son 03/08 17.00 FCN - EFB 3 - 2 3.146
Son 03/08 19.00 HOB - BIF 2 - 0 6.583
Man 04/08 19.00 FCM - RFC 3 - 1 6.937
Fre 08/08 18.30 RFC - FCV 1 - 0 4.599
Lor 09/08 17.00 AAB - FCN 1 - 2 5.904
Son 10/08 14.00 SDR - FCM 1 - 3 4.119
Son 10/08 17.00 FCK - HOB 0 - 3 14.664
Son 10/08 19.00 BIF - OB 1 - 1 11.116
Man 11/08 19.00 EFB - SIF 0 - 0 5.728
Fre 15/08 19.30 FCK - FCM 1 - 2 13.106
Lor 16/08 18.00 AAB - EFB 1 - 1 5.319
Son 17/08 14.00 FCV - SIF 2 - 0 1.994
Son 17/08 17.00 BIF - SDR 2 - 0 9.962
Son 17/08 19.00 RFC - OB 0 - 2 3.952
Man 18/08 19.00 HOB - FCN 0 - 0 4.221
Lor 30/08 17.00 SDR - RFC 1 - 1 2.254
Son 31/08 13.00 SIF - AAB 2 - 2 3.067
Son 31/08 15.00 FCM - EFB 2 - 0 6.571
Son 31/08 17.00 FCN - BIF 0 - 3 7.689
Son 31/08 19.00 OB - FCK 0 - 1 9.925
Man 01/09 19.00 HOB - FCV 3 - 1 2.682
Fre 12/09 18.30 FCM - OB 3 - 2 7.505
Lor 13/09 20.35 AAB - FCK 1 - 0 8.546
Son 14/09 14.00 SIF - FCN 1 - 2 2.390
Son 14/09 17.00 BIF - RFC 0 - 2 25.551
Son 14/09 19.00 EFB - FCV 3 - 0 5.209
Man 15/09 19.00 SDR - HOB 1 - 1 4.138
Fre 19/09 18.30 RFC - SIF 1 - 0 5.126
Lor 20/09 17.00 HOB - EFB 1 - 1 3.736
Son 21/09 14.00 OB - SDR 1 - 1 7.201
Son 21/09 16.30 FCK - BIF 1 - 0 32.526
Son 21/09 19.00 FCN - FCM 2 - 1 4.637
Man 22/09 19.00 FCV - AAB 1 - 0 2.703
Fre 26/09 18.30 AAB - RFC 0 - 0 5.357
Lor 27/09 15.00 SDR - FCK 1 - 1 5.535
Lor 27/09 17.00 SIF - HOB 2 - 2 3.081
Son 28/09 14.00 FCM - FCV 1 - 0 6.669
Son 28/09 19.00 EFB - BIF 2 - 2 10.650
Man 29/09 19.00 FCN - OB 2 - 1 4.425
Fre 03/10 18.30 HOB - FCM 1 - 5 4.968
Lor 04/10 17.00 OB - SIF 2 - 0 5.587
Son 05/10 13.00 FCV - SDR 1 - 1 2.677
Son 05/10 15.00 RFC - FCN 0 - 0 5.021
Son 05/10 17.00 FCK - EFB 2 - 1 15.236
Son 05/10 19.00 BIF - AAB 2 - 1 15.412
Fre 17/10 18.30 AAB - HOB 1 - 1 9.923
Lor 18/10 17.00 FCN - SDR 2 - 3 3.512
Son 19/10 14.00 FCM - SIF 2 - 1 8.622
Son 19/10 17.00 BIF - FCV 5 - 0 12.190
Son 19/10 19.00 FCK - RFC 1 - 0 10.723
Man 20/10 19.00 EFB - OB 2 - 0 6.478
Fre 24/10 18.30 SIF - FCV 1 - 2 2.160
Lor 25/10 17.00 SDR - FCM 1 - 1 4.174
Son 26/10 14.00 RFC - OB 3 - 0 5.135
Son 26/10 17.00 HOB - FCK 0 - 2 4.738
Son 26/10 19.00 EFB - BIF 0 - 0 10.077
Man 27/10 19.00 FCN - AAB 0 - 1 4.016
Fre 31/10 18.30 FCM - FCN 2 - 0 6.543
Lor 01/11 17.00 FCV - EFB 1 - 4 2.602
Son 02/11 14.00 OB - HOB 3 - 1 8.011
Son 02/11 17.00 FCK - SDR 1 - 1 21.413
Son 02/11 18.30 BIF - RFC 1 - 0 12.497
Man 03/11 19.00 AAB - SIF 2 - 0 6.240
Fre 07/11 18.30 SIF - FCM 1 - 2 3.587
Lor 08/11 19.00 RFC - EFB 3 - 2 3.929
Son 09/11 13.00 SDR - OB 2 - 1 4.428
Son 09/11 15.00 AAB - FCV 2 - 0 6.369
Son 09/11 17.00 HOB - BIF 3 - 0 4.389
Son 09/11 19.15 FCN - FCK 0 - 0 4.567
Fre 21/11 18.30 FCV - RFC 0 - 1 1.849
Lor 22/11 17.00 EFB - HOB 4 - 2 6.057
Lor 22/11 19.30 FCK - SIF 1 - 0 8.456
Son 23/11 14.00 OB - FCN 1 - 0 5.927
Son 23/11 17.00 BIF - SDR 1 - 0 12.647
Son 23/11 19.00 FCM - AAB 2 - 0 8.005
Fre 28/11 18.30 SDR - EFB 0 - 0 2.609
Lor 29/11 17.00 SIF - OB 0 - 1 1.866
Son 30/11 14.00 HOB - RFC 0 - 1 3.884
Son 30/11 17.00 FCN - BIF 2 - 0 5.168
Son 30/11 19.00 AAB - FCK 0 - 1 7.437
Man 01/12 19.00 FCM - FCV 2 - 1 6.778
Fre 05/12 18.30 RFC - SDR 0 - 0 4.551
Lor 06/12 17.00 OB - AAB 1 - 1 5.025
Son 07/12 14.00 FCV - HOB 1 - 1 2.377
Son 07/12 17.00 BIF - SIF 1 - 0 19.304
Son 07/12 19.00 FCK - FCM 3 - 0 17.499
Man 08/12 19.00 EFB - FCN 0 - 0 5.150
Fre 20/02 18.30 FCN - RFC 0 - 3 3.316
Lor 21/02 17.00 SIF - EFB 1 - 3 2.247
Son 22/02 14.00 SDR - HOB 1 - 0 3.812
Son 22/02 17.00 FCK - FCV 2 - 0 12.631
Son 22/02 19.00 AAB - BIF 1 - 0 7.857
Man 23/02 19.00 FCM - OB 3 - 0 7.602
Fre 27/02 18.30 FCV - SDR 0 - 1 1.750
Lor 28/02 17.00 HOB - FCN 1 - 0 2.086
Son 01/03 14.00 RFC - SIF 1 - 2 4.263
Son 01/03 17.00 OB - FCK 1 - 0 8.421
Son 01/03 19.00 BIF - FCM 1 - 1 13.092
Man 02/03 19.00 EFB - AAB 1 - 3 5.260
Lor 07/03 17.00 FCN - SDR 4 - 0 2.389
Son 08/03 13.00 SIF - HOB 0 - 1 2.620
Son 08/03 15.00 FCK - BIF 3 - 1 31.223
Son 08/03 17.00 FCM - EFB 3 - 0 9.190
Son 08/03 19.00 AAB - RFC 2 - 1 5.670
Man 09/03 19.00 FCV - OB 1 - 2 2.134
Fre 13/03 18.30 RFC - FCM 1 - 2 5.463
Lor 14/03 17.00 SDR - SIF 1 - 4 3.145
Son 15/03 14.00 FCN - FCV 2 - 0 3.243
Son 15/03 17.00 EFB - FCK 0 - 1 7.716
Son 15/03 19.00 BIF - OB 2 - 0 12.791
Man 16/03 19.00 HOB - AAB 1 - 0 6.596
Fre 20/03 18.30 OB - EFB 0 - 2 6.005
Lor 21/03 17.00 FCM - HOB 3 - 0 9.202
Son 22/03 13.00 SIF - FCN 2 - 2 1.814
Son 22/03 15.00 AAB - SDR 1 - 4 4.644
Son 22/03 17.00 FCV - BIF 0 - 1 4.242
Son 22/03 19.00 FCK - RFC 1 - 1 9.520
Lor 04/04 17.00 SDR - FCN 1 - 2 2.375
Son 05/04 17.00 HOB - SIF 2 - 2 2.940
Son 05/04 19.00 EFB - FCM 3 - 3 7.682
Man 06/04 16.00 BIF - FCK 0 - 0 22.020
Man 06/04 19.30 RFC - AAB 1 - 1 5.083
Tir 07/04 19.00 OB - FCV 1 - 2 4.331
Fre 10/04 18.30 HOB - EFB 3 - 1 2.743
Lor 11/04 17.00 RFC - FCV 1 - 1 4.557
Son 12/04 14.00 FCN - OB 1 - 2 5.264
Son 12/04 17.00 AAB - FCM 1 - 2 7.690
Son 12/04 19.00 SDR - BIF 0 - 1 4.633
Man 13/04 19.00 SIF - FCK 0 - 4 3.578
Fre 17/04 18.30 FCM - SIF 1 - 0 9.058
Lor 18/04 15.00 FCV - AAB 2 - 1 1.854
Son 19/04 14.00 OB - SDR 0 - 0 6.644
Son 19/04 17.00 BIF - HOB 0 - 1 15.904
Son 19/04 19.30 FCK - FCN 2 - 0 10.944
Man 20/04 19.00 EFB - RFC 0 - 0 5.690
Fre 24/04 18.30 EFB - OB 0 - 2 5.402
Lor 25/04 17.00 FCN - SIF 1 - 0 3.883
Son 26/04 14.00 SDR - AAB 0 - 3 3.615
Son 26/04 17.00 BIF - FCV 4 - 0 12.014
Son 26/04 19.00 RFC - FCK 3 - 0 5.777
Man 27/04 19.00 HOB - FCM 0 - 0 4.166
Fre 01/05 18.30 AAB - HOB 5 - 0 9.401
Lor 02/05 17.00 SIF - SDR 2 - 2 1.965
Son 03/05 14.00 FCV - FCN 2 - 1 1.688
Son 03/05 17.00 FCK - EFB 2 - 1 12.892
Son 03/05 19.00 OB - BIF 0 - 2 9.605
Man 04/05 19.00 FCM - RFC 5 - 2 9.039
Fre 08/05 18.30 RFC - FCN 2 - 0 5.930
Lor 09/05 17.00 EFB - SIF 5 - 2 6.741
Son 10/05 14.00 HOB - SDR 2 - 2 2.787
Son 10/05 17.00 OB - FCM 3 - 1 6.378
Son 10/05 19.00 BIF - AAB 1 - 1 14.061
Man 11/05 19.00 FCV - FCK 0 - 1 3.544
Fre 15/05 18.30 AAB - OB 0 - 2 7.506
Son 17/05 14.00 HOB - FCV 0 - 1 2.082
Son 17/05 17.00 SIF - BIF 0 - 2 3.996
Son 17/05 19.00 FCM - FCK 2 - 0 11.305
Man 18/05 18.00 FCN - EFB 1 - 3 3.019
Man 18/05 20.15 SDR - RFC 1 - 1 2.524
Ons 20/05 18.00 OB - SIF 1 - 1 4.717
Ons 20/05 20.00 FCK - AAB 1 - 0 8.127
Tor 21/05 18.00 RFC - HOB 0 - 1 6.499
Tor 21/05 18.00 FCV - FCM 0 - 0 2.432
Tor 21/05 20.00 BIF - FCN 3 - 1 10.052
Tor 21/05 20.00 EFB - SDR 2 - 3 6.060
Son 24/05 17.00 SDR - FCV 1 - 1 5.075
Man 25/05 13.00 FCN - HOB 4 - 2 3.392
Man 25/05 15.00 SIF - RFC 0 - 2 2.052
Man 25/05 17.00 FCK - OB 1 - 0 14.463
Man 25/05 19.00 FCM - BIF 2 - 3 11.535
Tir 26/05 19.00 AAB - EFB 1 - 0 4.793
Son 31/05 16.00 EFB - FCV 2 - 1 10.702
Son 31/05 16.00 RFC - BIF 1 - 1 9.143
Son 31/05 16.00 HOB - OB 2 - 2 2.958
Son 31/05 16.00 SDR - FCK 1 - 2 5.643
Son 31/05 16.00 FCN - FCM 1 - 0 4.408
Son 31/05 16.00 SIF - AAB 1 - 2 2.103
Son 07/06 16.00 OB - RFC 0 - 2 7.000
Son 07/06 16.00 BIF - EFB 0 - 1 22.838
Son 07/06 16.00 AAB - FCN 1 - 0 6.776
Son 07/06 16.00 FCM - SDR 2 - 1 11.535
Son 07/06 16.00 FCK - HOB 1 - 0 16.699
Son 07/06 16.00 FCV - SIF 3 - 1 1.201
答案 0 :(得分：1)
在函数中：tilskuertal()，嵌套的while（）循环有序列问题。
在检查值不为NULL后，仅使用从strtok()调用返回的值。
代码在检查前使用该值。
即。将调用放在strtok()最后一个while循环中，然后再调用while（）循环。
这是示例代码：
for( i=0; i<num_matches; i++ )
{
tal_dele[2] = 0;
k = 0; // start with 0 for in index into tal_dele[]
if( !strcpy(game[i].spectators2, game[i].spectators1) )
{ // strcpy() failed
perror( "strcpy failed" );
continue;
}
token = strtok(game[i].spectators2, ".");
for( k =0; (k < 3 && token); k++ )
{
tal_dele[k] = atoi(token);
token = strtok(NULL, ".");
}
....
}
：read_file（）：
fopen()时，总是检查（！= NULL）返回的值以确保操作成功。 建议：
FILE *ifp = NULL;
if( NULL == (ifp = fopen( "superliga-2014-2015.txt", "r") ) )
{ // the fopen failed
perror( "fopen to read: superliga-2014-2015.txt failed" );
exit( EXIT_FAILURE );
}
// implied else, fopen successful
注意：exit()和EXIT_FAILURE位于头文件中：stdlib.h
fscanf()时，始终检查返回值（不是参数值）以确保操作成功。返回的值应等于格式说明符的数量。否则发生错误。for()正在尝试输入两个int字段（两者都会失败）强烈建议取消对fscanf()的调用并将fscanf()放入游戏数据作为while()循环的控件。检查返回值是否为8.任何其他值表示发生错误或EOF或信号，是时候退出循环。建议：
while( (a < MAX_GAMES)
&&
8 == fscanf(ipf, "%s %s %s %s - %s %d - %d %s",
game[a].weekday, game[a].date,
game[a].the_time, game[a].team_home,
game[a].team_guest, &game[a].goal_home,
&game[a].goal_guests, game[a].spectators1) ) {
：main_interactive()
team将包含NUL终止字符串，因此最大数据为3个字符。 所以这一行：
scanf("%s", team);
需要一个长度修饰符来避免用户溢出输入缓冲区。建议：
scanf("%3s", team);