Python:从经验分布中生成随机值

时间:2016-02-16 13:49:28

标签: python statistics

在Java中,我通常依赖org.apache.commons.math3.random.EmpiricalDistribution类来执行以下操作:

  • 从观察到的数据中导出概率分布。
  • 从此分发中生成随机值。

是否有提供相同功能的Python库?似乎scipy.stats.gaussian_kde.resample做了类似的事情,但我不确定它是否实现了与我熟悉的Java类型相同的过程。

1 个答案:

答案 0 :(得分:4)

import numpy as np
import scipy.stats
import matplotlib.pyplot as plt

# This represents the original "empirical" sample -- I fake it by
# sampling from a normal distribution
orig_sample_data = np.random.normal(size=10000)

# Generate a KDE from the empirical sample
sample_pdf = scipy.stats.gaussian_kde(orig_sample_data)

# Sample new datapoints from the KDE
new_sample_data = sample_pdf.resample(10000).T[:,0]

# Histogram of initial empirical sample
cnts, bins, p = plt.hist(orig_sample_data, label='original sample', bins=100,
                         histtype='step', linewidth=1.5, density=True)

# Histogram of datapoints sampled from KDE
plt.hist(new_sample_data, label='sample from KDE', bins=bins,
         histtype='step', linewidth=1.5, density=True)

# Visualize the kde itself
y_kde = sample_pdf(bins)
plt.plot(bins, y_kde, label='KDE')
plt.legend()
plt.show(block=False)

resulting plot

new_sample_data应该从与原始数据大致相同的分布中抽取(以KDE很好地近似于原始分布的程度)。