使用关联值时获取枚举名称

时间:2016-02-13 00:36:49

标签: swift enums

我的枚举定义如下

 enum Fruit {
   case Apple(associatedValue: String)
   case Orange(associatedValue: String)
 }

我有一个带有Fruit

类型参数的函数
func printNameOnly(fruit: Fruit) {
}

在这个函数中,我想把enum case作为一个字符串,即我想得到字符串" Apple"或" Orange"不考虑相关的价值。 Swift可以实现吗?

我显然可以编写一个函数,它接受水果枚举并使用case语句返回一个字符串,但我试图找到一种方法来避免这种情况,因为我想要的字符串是enum case name本身。

5 个答案:

答案 0 :(得分:7)

试试这个(Swift 3.1)。涵盖相关或常规案例。

enum Fruit {
    case banana
    case apple(String)
    case orange(String)

    var label:String {
        let mirror = Mirror(reflecting: self)
        if let label = mirror.children.first?.label {
            return label
        } else {
            return String(describing:self)
        }
    }
}

print(Fruit.banana.label) // "banana"
print(Fruit.apple("yum").label) // "apple"

答案 1 :(得分:4)

所以你想要一个带有RawValue 的Swift枚举。

<强> You can't

我能想到的最佳解决方案是为你的枚举添加一个计算属性(类似于你在自己的问题中建议的那样)。

enum Fruit {
    case Apple(name:String)
    case Orange(name:String)

    var fruitDesc: String {
        switch self {
        case .Apple: return "Apple"
        case .Orange: return "Orange"
        }
    }
}

let fruit = Fruit.Apple(name: "McIntosh")
print(fruit.fruitDesc) // Apple

答案 2 :(得分:0)

如果你想获得枚举案例标签以进行调试,那么来自Swift运行时的这个整洁的私有反射函数可能会派上用场:

/// Returns the case label for the given enumeration value.
public func getEnumCaseName<T>(_ value: T) -> String? {
    return __getEnumCaseName(value).flatMap { String(validatingUTF8: $0) }
}

/// A private Swift function from the compiler which returns the case
/// label of the given enumeration value, represented as a C string.
@_silgen_name("swift_EnumCaseName")
fileprivate func __getEnumCaseName<T>(_ value: T) -> UnsafePointer<CChar>?

我仅使用Swift 4测试了这种方法。如上所述,我不建议将其用于生产代码,而只是用于调试实用程序,因为它是私有/未记录的API,并且可能在将来的Swift版本中中断。

答案 3 :(得分:0)

是的,反射API可以提供帮助。这将在调试和生产中都起作用。

enum Fruit {
    case apple(associatedValue: String)
    case orange(associatedValue: String)
}

func fruitNameOnly(fruit: Fruit) -> String {
    return Mirror(reflecting: fruit).children.first!.label!
}

let greenApple = Fruit.apple(associatedValue: "Green")

print(fruitNameOnly(fruit: greenApple)) // apple

使用两者关联的原始值的扩展版本:

enum Fruit: RawRepresentable {
    case apple(associatedValue: String)
    case orange(associatedValue: String)

   typealias RawValue = String
    var rawValue: String {

        //return Mirror(reflecting: self).children.first!.label!
        // we rather use a regular switch this time which allows for custom values
        switch self {
        case .apple:     return "apple"
        case .orange(let av):   return "orange " + av // Edge case, careful!
        // Normally rawValues should form one to one relationship.
        // RawRepresentable protocol indicates, that you can "switch back and forth between a custom type and an associated RawValue type without losing the value of the original RawRepresentable type" (developer.apple.com/documentation/swift/rawrepresentable)

        }
    }

    init?(rawValue: String) {
        switch rawValue {
        case "apple":
            self = .apple(associatedValue: "")
        case "orange":
            self = .orange(associatedValue: "")
        default:
            return nil
        }
    }
}

func fruitNameOnly(fruit: Fruit) -> String {
    return Mirror(reflecting: fruit).children.first!.label!
}

let greenApple = Fruit.apple(associatedValue: "green")
print(fruitNameOnly(fruit: greenApple)) // apple

if let yellowOrange = Fruit.init(rawValue: "orange") {
   print(yellowOrange) // orange(associatedValue: "")
}
print(greenApple.rawValue) //apple
let redOrange = Fruit.orange(associatedValue: "red")
print(redOrange.rawValue) //orange red

答案 4 :(得分:-1)

当枚举具有关联值时,打印它们将列出所有值以及枚举名称。例如:

    let anApple = Fruit.Apple("myApple")
    print(anApple)

这将产生:

    Apple("myApple")

因此,为了获得&#34; Apple&#34;,将部分提取到第一个&#34;(&#34;。