如何使用python只打印子目录树？

Question

我有一个目录，其中包含许多子目录，在每个子目录中我都有一些子目录。

我有一个python代码，用于在文件中打印和写入目录和子目录。代码：

import os
file = open("list", "w")
for root, dirs, files in os.walk("./customers/"):
   print root
   file.write(root+"\n")

输出为：

./customers/A
./customers/A1
./customers/A2
./customers/B
./customers/B1
./customers/B2
./customers/C
./customers/C1
./customers/C2

我只想：

./customers/A1
./customers/A2
./customers/B1
./customers/B2
./customers/C1
./customers/C2

Answer 1

您似乎不愿意更新您的问题以明确您想要的内容，因此我猜测您只想要叶子目录。你可以这样做：

import os

with open('list', 'w') as outfile:
    for root, dirs, files in os.walk("./customers/"):
        if not dirs:    # if root has no sub-directories it's a leaf
            print root
            outfile.write(root+"\n")

对于您的目录结构，应该输出：

./customers/C/C2
./customers/C/C1
./customers/B/B2
./customers/B/B1
./customers/A/A2
./customers/A/A1

看起来像可能就是你想要的。

如果您希望输出排序，您可以编写生成器函数并对其输出进行排序：

import os

def find_leaf_directories(top):
    for root, dirs, files in os.walk(top):
        if not dirs:    # if root has no sub-directories it's a leaf
            yield root

with open('list', 'w') as outfile:
    for dir in sorted(find_leaf_directories('./customers/')):
        print dir
        outfile.write(dir+"\n")

将输出：

./customers/A/A1
./customers/A/A2
./customers/B/B1
./customers/B/B2
./customers/C/C1
./customers/C/C2