RxJava:如果Observable是冷的,如何订阅?

时间:2016-02-09 12:32:08

标签: java rx-java subscription observable subscriber

TL; DR:如何创建一个仅在 cold 时创建订阅的Observable,并在 hot 时将任何其他订阅呼叫排队?

我想创建一个只能一次执行一个订阅的Observable 。如果任何其他订阅者订阅了Observable,我希望它们在Observable完成后排队等待运行(在onComplete之后)。

我可以通过在每个onComplete上使用某种堆栈并弹出堆栈来自己构建这个构造 - 但感觉RxJava中已存在此功能。

有没有办法以这种方式限制订阅?

(More on hot and cold observables)

3 个答案:

答案 0 :(得分:2)

我无法想到可以实现此目的的内置运算符或运算符组合。以下是我实现它的方法:

import java.util.Queue;
import java.util.concurrent.ConcurrentLinkedQueue;
import java.util.concurrent.atomic.*;

import rx.*;
import rx.observers.TestSubscriber;
import rx.subjects.PublishSubject;
import rx.subscriptions.Subscriptions;

public final class SequenceSubscribers<T> implements Observable.OnSubscribe<T> {

    final Observable<? extends T> source;

    final Queue<Subscriber<? super T>> queue;

    final AtomicInteger wip;

    volatile boolean active;

    public SequenceSubscribers(Observable<? extends T> source) {
        this.source = source;
        this.queue = new ConcurrentLinkedQueue<>();
        this.wip = new AtomicInteger();
    }

    @Override
    public void call(Subscriber<? super T> t) {
        SubscriberWrapper wrapper = new SubscriberWrapper(t);
        queue.add(wrapper);

        t.add(wrapper);
        t.add(Subscriptions.create(() -> wrapper.next()));

        drain();
    }

    void complete(SubscriberWrapper inner) {
        active = false;
        drain();
    }

    void drain() {
        if (wip.getAndIncrement() != 0) {
            return;
        }
        do {
            if (!active) {
                Subscriber<? super T> s = queue.poll();
                if (s != null && !s.isUnsubscribed()) {
                    active = true;
                    source.subscribe(s);
                }
            }
        } while (wip.decrementAndGet() != 0);
    }

    final class SubscriberWrapper extends Subscriber<T> {
        final Subscriber<? super T> actual;

        final AtomicBoolean once;

        public SubscriberWrapper(Subscriber<? super T> actual) {
            this.actual = actual;
            this.once = new AtomicBoolean();
        }

        @Override
        public void onNext(T t) {
            actual.onNext(t);
        }

        @Override
        public void onError(Throwable e) {
            actual.onError(e);
            next();
        }

        @Override
        public void onCompleted() {
            actual.onCompleted();
            next();
        }

        @Override
        public void setProducer(Producer p) {
            actual.setProducer(p);
        }

        void next() {
            if (once.compareAndSet(false, true)) {
                complete(this);
            }
        }
    }

    public static void main(String[] args) {
        PublishSubject<Integer> ps = PublishSubject.create();

        TestSubscriber<Integer> ts1 = TestSubscriber.create();
        TestSubscriber<Integer> ts2 = TestSubscriber.create();

        Observable<Integer> source = Observable.create(new SequenceSubscribers<>(ps));

        source.subscribe(ts1);
        source.subscribe(ts2);

        ps.onNext(1);
        ps.onNext(2);

        ts1.assertValues(1, 2);
        ts2.assertNoValues();

        ts1.unsubscribe();

        ps.onNext(3);
        ps.onNext(4);
        ps.onCompleted();

        ts1.assertValues(1, 2);
        ts2.assertValues(3, 4);
        ts2.assertCompleted();
    }
}

答案 1 :(得分:0)

我假设你有一个潜在的冷观察者,你想多次订阅,但只有在之前的订阅结束时才会订阅。

我们可以巧妙地使用可以延迟新订阅的功能delaySubscription中的构建。下一个障碍是在先前订阅完成时触发订阅。我们使用doOnUnsubscribe执行此操作,这会触发取消订阅,onErroronCompleted操作。

public class DelaySubscribe<T> {
    Observable<Integer> previouse = Observable.just(0);

    private DelaySubscribe() {

    }

    public static <T> Observable<T> makeDelayOb(Observable<T> cold) {
        return new DelaySubscribe<T>().obs(cold);
    }

    private Observable<T> obs(Observable<T> cold) {
        return Observable.create(ob -> {
            Observable<Integer> tmp = previouse;
            ReplaySubject<Integer> rep = ReplaySubject.create();
            previouse = rep;
            cold.delaySubscription(() -> tmp).doOnUnsubscribe(() -> {
                rep.onNext(0);
                rep.onCompleted();
            }).subscribe(ob);
        });
    }

使用示例:

    public static void main(String[] args) throws IOException, InterruptedException {
        Observable<Long> cold = Observable.interval(1, TimeUnit.SECONDS).take(2);
        Observable<Long> hot = makeDelayOb(cold);

        Func1<Integer, rx.Observer<Long>> obs = (Integer i) -> Observers.create(el -> System.out.println(i + "next: " + el),
                er -> System.out.println(i + "error: " + er), () -> System.out.println(i + "completed"));

        System.out.println("1");
        Subscription s = hot.subscribe(obs.call(1));
        System.out.println("2");
        hot.subscribe(obs.call(2));
        Thread.sleep(1500);
        s.unsubscribe();
        System.out.println("3");
        Thread.sleep(3500);
        hot.subscribe(obs.call(3));
        System.out.println("4");
        System.in.read();
    }
}

输出:

1
2
1next: 0
3
2next: 0
2next: 1
2completed
4
3next: 0
3next: 1
3completed

答案 2 :(得分:0)

我假设您有一个具有多个订阅的热观察,但只希望一个订阅接收事件。一旦当前订阅取消订阅,下一个订阅就应该开始接收。

我们可以做的是提供每个订阅和唯一号码,并保留所有订阅的列表。只有列表中的第一个订阅才会收到事件,其余的filter事件就会消失。

public class SingleSubscribe {
    List<Integer> current = Collections.synchronizedList(new ArrayList<>());
    int max = 0;
    Object gate = new Object();

    private SingleSubscribe() {
    }

    public static <T> Transformer<T, T> singleSubscribe() {
        return new SingleSubscribe().obs();
    }

    private <T> Transformer<T, T> obs() {
        return (source) -> Observable.create((Subscriber<? super T> ob) -> {
            Integer me;
            synchronized (gate) {
                 me = max++;
            }
            current.add(me);
            source.doOnUnsubscribe(() -> current.remove(me)).filter(__ -> {
                return current.get(0) == me;
            }).subscribe(ob);
        });
    }

使用示例:

    public static void main(String[] args) throws InterruptedException, IOException {
        ConnectableObservable<Long> connectable = Observable.interval(500, TimeUnit.MILLISECONDS)
                .publish();
        Observable<Long> hot = connectable.compose(SingleSubscribe.<Long> singleSubscribe());
        Subscription sub = connectable.connect();

        Func1<Integer, rx.Observer<Long>> obs = (Integer i) -> Observers.create(el -> System.out.println(i + "next: " + el),
                er -> {
                    System.out.println(i + "error: " + er);
                    er.printStackTrace();
                } , () -> System.out.println(i + "completed"));

        System.out.println("1");
        Subscription s = hot.subscribe(obs.call(1));
        System.out.println("2");
        hot.take(4).subscribe(obs.call(2));
        Thread.sleep(1500);
        s.unsubscribe();
        System.out.println("3");
        Thread.sleep(500);
        hot.take(2).subscribe(obs.call(3));
        System.out.println("4");
        System.in.read();
        sub.unsubscribe();
    }
}

输出:

1
2
1next: 0
1next: 1
1next: 2
3
2next: 3
4
2next: 4
2next: 5
2next: 6
2completed
3next: 6
3next: 7
3completed

请注意输出中存在一个小缺陷:因为2收到6后取消订阅,但3收到6之后.2取消订阅后,3是下一个活跃的观察者,并乐意接受6。

解决方案是延迟doOnUnsubscribe,最简单的方法是在新的线程调度程序上安排操作:

source.doOnUnsubscribe(() -> Schedulers.newThread().createWorker().schedule(()-> current.remove(me)))

然而,这意味着当2次取消订阅时,下一个项目被忽略,并且下一个项目在激活3之前到达时,现在很有可能。使用最适合您的变体。

最后,这个解决方案绝对假设源是热的。我不确定将此运算符应用于冷可观察量时会发生什么,但结果可能是意外的。