使用python 3.5。据我所知,默认情况下所有字符串都应该是unicode。为什么这些unicode键名使用ascii进行编码?
row_map = {
'α-Pinene': 7,
'β-Pinene': 8,
'Terpinolene': 9,
'Geraniol': 10,
'α-Terpinene': 11,
'γ-Terpinene': 12,
'Camphene': 13,
'Linalool': 14,
'd-Limonene': 15,
'Citral': 16,
'Myrcene': 17,
'α-Terpineol': 18,
'Citronellol': 19,
'dl-Menthol': 20,
'1-Borneol': 21,
'2-Piperidone': 22,
'β-Caryophyllene': 23,
'α-Humulene': 24,
'Caryophyllene Oxide': 5,
}
with open("log.txt", "w", encoding="utf-8") as f:
print(row_map, file=f)
print(open("log.txt", "rb").read())
以下是将这些键写入utf-8文本的结果。 的 log.txt的
dict_keys([
'Terpinolene',
'Camphene',
'Myrcene',
'α-Terpineol',
'd-Limonene',
'2-Piperidone',
'γ-Terpinene',
'Geraniol',
'Linalool',
'α-Humulene',
'α-Pinene',
'β-Caryophyllene',
'β-Pinene',
'Caryophyllene Oxide',
'Citronellol',
'1-Borneol',
'Citral',
'α-Terpinene',
'dl-Menthol'])
编辑: Here是实际的txt文件。所以可以证实它不是我的观众。
编辑#2:请看看这个funkiness。
Python 3.5.0 (v3.5.0:374f501f4567, Sep 13 2015, 02:27:37) [MSC v.1900 64 bit (AMD64)] on win32
Type "help", "copyright", "credits" or "license" for more information.
(InteractiveConsole)
>>> row_map = {
... 'α-Pinene': 7,
... 'β-Pinene': 8,
... 'Terpinolene': 9,
... 'Geraniol': 10,
... 'α-Terpinene': 11,
... 'γ-Terpinene': 12,
... 'Camphene': 13,
... 'Linalool': 14,
... 'd-Limonene': 15,
... 'Citral': 16,
... 'Myrcene': 17,
... 'α-Terpineol': 18,
... 'Citronellol': 19,
... 'dl-Menthol': 20,
... '1-Borneol': 21,
... '2-Piperidone': 22,
... 'β-Caryophyllene': 23,
... 'α-Humulene': 24,
... 'Caryophyllene Oxide': 25,
... }
>>> row_map
{'Citral': 16, 'd-Limonene': 15, 'Myrcene': 17, 'Camphene': 13, 'ß-Caryophyllene': 23, 'α-Terpinene': 11, 'Linalool': 14, 'α-Humulene': 24, '1-Borneol': 21, 'Citronellol': 19, 'Caryophyllene Oxide': 25, 'α-Terpineol': 18, 'α-Pinene': 7, '2-Piperidone': 22, 'dl-Menthol': 20, 'Terpinolene': 9, 'ß-Pinene': 8, 'Geraniol': 10, '?-Terpinene': 12}
>>> from strains.models import Terpene
>>> Terpene.row_map
{'Citral': 16, 'd-Limonene': 15, 'Myrcene': 17, 'Camphene': 13, 'α-Terpinene': 11, 'Linalool': 14, 'α-Humulene': 24, '1-Borneol': 21, 'Citronellol': 19, 'Caryophyllene Oxide': 25, 'α-Terpineol': 18, 'α-Pinene': 7, '\u03b2-Caryophyllene': 23, '2-Piperidone': 22, 'dl-Menthol': 20, 'Terpinolene': 9, '\u03b3-Terpinene': 12, 'Geraniol': 10, '\u03b2-Pinene': 8}
>>>
我从问题代码中复制了这个并将其粘贴到shell中。请注意粘贴的dict如何使用?自动替换无法编码的任何内容。
请注意,作为Terpene obj属性的完全相同的dict如何逃脱了unicode!
这是Terpene对象的row_map
class Terpene(models.Model):
name = models.CharField(max_length=50, unique=True)
short_desc = models.CharField(max_length=250, blank=True, null=True)
long_desc = models.TextField(blank=True, null=True)
aroma = models.CharField(max_length=250, blank=True, null=True)
flavor = models.CharField(max_length=250, blank=True, null=True)
effects = models.CharField(max_length=250, blank=True, null=True)
row_map = {
'α-Pinene': 7,
'β-Pinene': 8,
'Terpinolene': 9,
'Geraniol': 10,
'α-Terpinene': 11,
'γ-Terpinene': 12,
'Camphene': 13,
'Linalool': 14,
'd-Limonene': 15,
'Citral': 16,
'Myrcene': 17,
'α-Terpineol': 18,
'Citronellol': 19,
'dl-Menthol': 20,
'1-Borneol': 21,
'2-Piperidone': 22,
'β-Caryophyllene': 23,
'α-Humulene': 24,
'Caryophyllene Oxide': 25,
}
编辑3:
这是从问题代码中读取的二进制文件:
b"{'\xc3\x8e\xc2\xb1-Terpinene': 11, 'Geraniol': 10, '\xc3\x8e\xc2\xb1-Pinene': 7, 'dl-Menthol': 20, 'Myrcene': 17, 'Citral': 16, 'Citronellol': 19, 'Camphene': 13, '\xc3\x8e\xc2\xb3-Terpinene': 12, '\xc3\x8e\xc2\xb1-Terpineol': 18, '1-Borneol': 21, '\xc3\x8e\xc2\xb1-Humulene': 24, '\xc3\x8e\xc2\xb2-Caryophyllene': 23, '\xc3\x8e\xc2\xb2-Pinene': 8, '2-Piperidone': 22, 'Caryophyllene Oxide': 25, 'Linalool': 14, 'Terpinolene': 9, 'd-Limonene': 15}\r\n"
这是从Terpene对象row_map中读取的二进制文件:
b"{'Geraniol': 10, '\xce\xb2-Caryophyllene': 23, '\xce\xb1-Pinene': 7, 'Citral': 16, '\xce\xb3-Terpinene': 12, 'Myrcene': 17, 'Camphene': 13, '\xce\xb1-Terpinene': 11, 'dl-Menthol': 20, '1-Borneol': 21, '\xce\xb1-Humulene': 24, '\xce\xb2-Pinene': 8, 'd-Limonene': 15, 'Citronellol': 19, '2-Piperidone': 22, 'Caryophyllene Oxide': 25, '\xce\xb1-Terpineol': 18, 'Linalool': 14, 'Terpinolene': 9}\r\n"
答案 0 :(得分:1)
“为什么这些unicode键名被编码为ascii?”
他们不是。 “编码为ASCII”甚至没有意义,使用 ASCII编码甚至不起作用:
>>> 'α-Terpineol'.encode('ascii')
Traceback (most recent call last):
File "<pyshell#17>", line 1, in <module>
'α-Terpineol'.encode('ascii')
UnicodeEncodeError: 'ascii' codec can't encode character '\u03b1' in position 0: ordinal not in range(128)
使用UTF-8进行正确编码后,您的文件查看器已解码,使用ISO-8859-1左右:
>>> 'α-Terpineol'.encode('utf-8').decode('ISO-8859-1')
'α-Terpineol'