我正在尝试创建bot的多个线程并且它们共享一些变量，但我在使共享变量工作时失败了。
以下是代码：
import requests
import sys
import threading
import signal
import time
class bot(threading.Thread):
terminate = False
#def __init__(self):
# threading.Thread.__init__(self)
# self.terminate = False
def getCode():
code_lock.acquire()
work_code = code
try:
code += 1
finally:
code_lock.release()
return work_code
def checkCode(code):
try:
#if(code % 1000000 == 0):
print("Code "+str(code)+" is being checked...\n")
html = requests.get(url+str(code))
html.encoding = 'utf-8'
return not 'Page Not Found' in html.text
except requests.exceptions.ConnectionError:
print("Connection Error! Retrying...\n")
time.sleep(0.5)
except KeyboardInterrupt:
logCode(code)
sys.exit()
def storeCode(code):
file_lock.acquire()
try:
file.write(code+'\n')
finally:
file_lock.release()
def logCode(code):
log_lock.acquire()
try:
log.write(code+'\n')
finally:
log_lock.release()
#def run(self):
# global bots
# global url
# global file
# global log
# global code_lock
# global file_lock
# global log_lock
while(not terminate):
code = getCode()
if(checkCode(code)):
storeCode(code)
logCode(code)
def main(code = 0, threads = 16):
#bots = [threading.Thread(target=bot) for bot in range(threads)]
bots = []
url = 'https://test.ing/codes/'
file = open("valid-codes.txt", "a")
log = open("log.txt", "a")
code_lock = threading.Lock()
file_lock = threading.Lock()
log_lock = threading.Lock()
def signal_handler(signal, frame):
print('Exiting...\n')
log_lock.acquire()
try:
log.write("\n\n"+str(time.strftime("%Y-%m-%d %H:%M:%S", time.gmtime()))+"\n")
finally:
log_lock.release()
for bot in bots:
bot.terminate = True
for bot in bots:
bot.join()
sys.exit(0)
#for bot in bots:
# bot.start()
for i in range(threads):
t = bot()
bots.append(t)
t.start()
signal.signal(signal.SIGINT, signal_handler)
while True:
signal.pause()
main(736479509787350, 1)
使用此代码我收到此错误：
Traceback（最近一次调用最后一次）：文件“bot.py”，第7行，in
class bot(threading.Thread): File "bot.py", line 59, in bot code = getCode() File "bot.py", line 14, in getCode code_lock.acquire() NameError: name 'code_lock' is not defined
我不知道是否应该覆盖run(self)的{{1}}方法，但是当我尝试它时，它实际上从未运行过bot方法，而且我也收到同样的错误创建的所有线程：run不可调用（我无法看到我可能使用int作为对象）。
另外我不知道我是否正确处理键盘的退出信号，因为你可以看到我试图用int变量来处理它，但我不认为这是问题...
最后一件事，terminate异常没有得到妥善处理，因为它正在说“重试......”，但事实上它不会重试，但我知道这一点，它应该没问题，我会修复后者。
值得一提的是，我不习惯处理多线程，当我处理它时，它是用C或C ++。
我可以通过使用全局变量来使代码工作，但我不想这样做，我更愿意避免使用全局变量。我将变量直接传递给类ConnectionError的实例或通过将数据对象传递给它的尝试到目前为止都没有成功，只要我将变量或辅助对象传递给bot我我无法使用bot作为属性访问它们而没有self. Python声称未定义变量。
以下是更新的代码，但尚未成功：
self.然而，带有全局变量的工作代码：
import requests
import sys
import threading
import signal
import time
class Shared:
def __init__(self, code, url, file, log, code_lock, file_lock, log_lock):
self.code = code
self.url = url
self.file = file
self.log = log
self.code_lock = code_lock
self.file_lock = file_lock
self.log_lock = log_lock
class bot(threading.Thread):
def __init__(self, data):
threading.Thread.__init__(self)
self.terminate = False
self.data = data
@classmethod
def getCode(self):
self.data.code_lock.acquire()
work_code = self.data.code
try:
self.data.code += 1
finally:
self.data.code_lock.release()
return work_code
@classmethod
def checkCode(self, work_code):
try:
#if(code % 1000000 == 0):
print("Code "+str(work_code)+" is being checked...\n")
html = requests.get(self.data.url+str(work_code))
html.encoding = 'utf-8'
return not 'Page Not Found' in html.text
except requests.exceptions.ConnectionError:
print("Connection Error! Retrying...\n")
time.sleep(0.5)
except KeyboardInterrupt:
self.logCode(work_code)
sys.exit()
@classmethod
def storeCode(self, work_code):
self.data.file_lock.acquire()
try:
self.data.file.write(work_code+'\n')
finally:
self.data.file_lock.release()
@classmethod
def logCode(self, work_code):
self.data.log_lock.acquire()
try:
self.data.log.write(work_code+'\n')
finally:
self.data.log_lock.release()
@classmethod
def run(self):
while(not self.terminate):
work_code = self.getCode()
if(self.checkCode(work_code)):
self.storeCode(work_code)
self.logCode(work_code)
def main(code = 0, threads = 16):
#bots = [threading.Thread(target=bot) for bot in range(threads)]
bots = []
url = 'https://www.test.ing/codes/'
file = open("valid-codes.txt", "a")
log = open("log.txt", "a")
code_lock = threading.Lock()
file_lock = threading.Lock()
log_lock = threading.Lock()
data = Shared(code, url, file, log, code_lock, file_lock, log_lock)
def signal_handler(signal, frame):
print('Exiting...\n')
log_lock.acquire()
try:
log.write("\n\n"+str(time.strftime("%Y-%m-%d %H:%M:%S", time.gmtime()))+"\n")
finally:
log_lock.release()
for bot in bots:
bot.terminate = True
for bot in bots:
bot.join()
sys.exit(0)
#for bot in bots:
# bot.start()
for i in range(threads):
t = bot(data)
bots.append(t)
t.start()
signal.signal(signal.SIGINT, signal_handler)
while True:
signal.pause()
main(736479509787350, 4)
答案 0 :(得分：1)
您可以尝试将code_lock设为全局，但为什么不将其传递到每个bot类？
t = bot(code_lock)
接下来为您的类创建一个构造函数：
class bot(threading.Thread):
def __init__(self, code_lock):
threading.Thread.__init__(self)
self.code_lock = code_lock
现在，每当您尝试在code_lock课程中使用bot时，请始终在其前面添加self（self.code_lock）。
如果你真的坚持使用全局变量，那么请查看global keyword。
答案 1 :(得分：0)
很明显，您正试图从其范围内访问code_lock，可能您可以按照#MartinKonecny建议来解决此问题。
我可以看到即使在修复code_lock问题之后，您的代码也存在很多问题。一旦解决了code_lock问题，您就会在同一个函数code中遇到与变量getCode类似的问题。
在解决所有这些compiled时间问题后，您将面临整个class实施的问题，这不是实施Python类的方法。
最好通过this了解有关python name spaces和classes的更多信息。