Question

我需要在Chrome中安装和配置扩展程序，以便在Selenium测试执行期间修改所有请求标头。我已经能够在Saucelabs中通过这个support article的例子来展示如何在本地为Firefox做这个，但不知道如何为Chrome做这件事。

extensions的ChromeDriver文档仅用于安装，而不是配置。

问题

有人可以指点我一些文档解释如何实现这一点或在这里发布一个例子吗？
如何更新设置？
如何找出适用于任何指定扩展程序的设置属性？
本地和远程执行之间是否存在任何差异，因为这是我在Firefox method遇到的问题之一？

计划是针对SauceLabs运行此计划。会尝试使用ModHeader chrome扩展程序来设置所需的标头值。

编辑1

尝试安装Chrome版本的MODHeader扩展程序，但遇到了类似的问题。能够在本地安装扩展，但在远程执行中会看到错误。

private static IWebDriver GetRemoteDriver(string browser)
{

    ChromeOptions options = new ChromeOptions();
    options.AddExtensions("Tools/Chrome_ModHeader_2_0_6.crx");

    DesiredCapabilities capabilities = DesiredCapabilities.Chrome();
    capabilities.SetCapability(ChromeOptions.Capability, options);


    capabilities.SetCapability("name", buildContext);
    capabilities.SetCapability(CapabilityType.BrowserName, "Chrome");
    capabilities.SetCapability(CapabilityType.Version, "");
    capabilities.SetCapability(CapabilityType.Platform, "Windows 10");
    capabilities.SetCapability("screen-resolution", "1280x1024");
    capabilities.SetCapability("username", "SaucelabsUserName");
    capabilities.SetCapability("accessKey", "SaucelabsAccessKey");
    capabilities.SetCapability("build", "BuildNumber");
    capabilities.SetCapability("seleniumVersion", "2.50.1");


    return new RemoteWebDriver(new Uri("http://ondemand.saucelabs.com/wd/hub"), capabilities);
}

SauceLabs日志中显示的错误是

[1.968][INFO]: RESPONSE InitSession unknown error: cannot parse capability: chromeOptions
from unknown error: unrecognized chrome option: Arguments

Answer 1

既然你提到问题主要是在远程而且我注意到你正在使用SauceLabs，你有没有看过这篇文章？

https://support.saucelabs.com/customer/en/portal/articles/2200902-creating-custom-firefox-profiles-and-chrome-instances-for-your-automated-testing

Installing an Firefox Extension such as Modify Headers(You would need download the .xpi file on your machine first):

DesiredCapabilities caps = new DesiredCapabilities();
FirefoxProfile profile = new FirefoxProfile();
profile.addExtension(new File("path\of\Modify Headers xpi file"));
profile.setPreference("general.useragent.override", "UA-STRING");
profile.setPreference("extensions.modify_headers.currentVersion", "0.7.1.1-signed");
profile.setPreference("modifyheaders.headers.count", 1);
profile.setPreference("modifyheaders.headers.action0", "Add");
profile.setPreference("modifyheaders.headers.name0", "X-Forwarded-For");
profile.setPreference("modifyheaders.headers.value0", "161.76.79.1");
profile.setPreference("modifyheaders.headers.enabled0", true);
profile.setPreference("modifyheaders.config.active", true);
profile.setPreference("modifyheaders.config.alwaysOn", true);
profile.setPreference("modifyheaders.config.start", true);
caps.setCapability(FirefoxDriver.PROFILE, profile);

NOTE: If you trying to do the same using C#, you would need to use the ToBase64String() method.

Answer 2

我设法在Saucelabs的Chrome浏览器上安装扩展程序，如下所示：

ChromeOptions options = new ChromeOptions();
options.addExtensions(new File("/path/to/myextrension.crx"));
DesiredCapabilities capabilities = new DesiredCapabilities();
capabilities.setCapability(ChromeOptions.CAPABILITY, options);
capabilities.setBrowserName(DesiredCapabilities.chrome().getBrowserName());

// Rest of capabilities config (version, platform, name, ...)

WebDriver driver = new RemoteWebDriver(new URL("http://saucelabs-url/wd/hub"), capabilities);

Answer 3

我找到了这个问题的解决方案。它适用于我的Selenium GRID和远程Chrome浏览器。首先，我将在我的项目资源中存储解压缩的ModHeader（版本1.2.4）扩展。它看起来如此

如果我需要在Chrome中修改标题，请执行以下步骤：

1）解压缩从资源扩展到临时文件夹的文件夹

2）在header.json

中设置标题键和值

3）使用Java将此扩展名打包到zip文件

4）将zip文件添加到ChromeOptions

public static IDriver getDriverWithCustomHeader(List<HeaderElement> headerList) {
    Logger.info(StringUtils.buildString("Create new instance of Driver with header."));
    IDriver driver;
    DesiredCapabilities capabilities;
    switch (GlobalConfig.getInstance().getDriverType()) {
        case CHROME:
            // define path to resources
            String unpackedExtensionPath = FileUtils.getResourcePath("chrome_extension", true);
            // setting  headers for extension in unpackaged kind
            FileUtils.writeToJson(StringUtils.buildString(unpackedExtensionPath, File.separator, "header.json"), headerList);
            // packing prepared extension to ZIP with crx extension
            String crxExtensionPath = ZipUtils.packZipWithNameOfFolder(unpackedExtensionPath, "crx");
            // creating capability based on packed extension
            capabilities = CapabilityFactory.getChromeCapabilitiesWithExtension(crxExtensionPath);
            driver = new AppiumDriver(GlobalConfig.getInstance().getHost(), GlobalConfig.getInstance().getPort(),
                    capabilities);
            break;
        default:
            throw new CommonTestRuntimeException("Unsupported Driver Type for changing head args.");
    }

    drivers.add(driver);
    if (defaultDriver != null) {
        closeDefaultDriver();
    }

    defaultDriver.set(driver);
    return driver;
}

文件实用程序

public static String getResourcePath(String resourceName, boolean isDir) {
    String jarFileName = new File(FileUtils.class.getClassLoader().getResource(resourceName).getPath()).getAbsolutePath()
            .replaceAll("(!|file:\\\\)", "");
    if (!(jarFileName.contains(".jar"))) {
        return getResourcePath(resourceName);
    }
    if (isDir) {
        return getDirPath(resourceName);
    }
    return getFilePath(resourceName);
}

private static String getResourcePath(String resourceName) {
    String resourcePath = FileUtils.class.getClassLoader().getResource(resourceName).getPath();
    if (platformIsWindows()) {
        resourcePath = resourcePath.substring(1);
    }
    return resourcePath;
}

private static boolean platformIsWindows() {
    boolean platformIsWindows = (File.separatorChar == '\\') ? true : false;
    return platformIsWindows;
}

private static String getDirPath(String dirName) {
    JarFile jarFile = null;
    //check created or no tmp directory
    //and if the directory created already we return "it + dirName"
    //else we create tmp directory and copy target resources
    if (directoryPath.get() == null) {
        //set directory path for each thread
        directoryPath.set(Files.createTempDir().getAbsolutePath());
    }
    //copying resources
    if (!new File(directoryPath.get() + File.separator + dirName.replaceAll("/", "")).exists()) {
        try {
            List<JarEntry> dirEntries = new ArrayList<JarEntry>();
            File directory = null;
            String jarFileName = new File(FileUtils.class.getClassLoader().getResource(dirName).getPath()).getParent()
                    .replaceAll("(!|file:\\\\)", "").replaceAll("(!|file:)", "");
            jarFile = new JarFile(URLDecoder.decode(jarFileName, "UTF-8"));
            Enumeration<JarEntry> entries = jarFile.entries();
            while (entries.hasMoreElements()) {
                JarEntry jarEntry = entries.nextElement();
                if (jarEntry.getName().startsWith(dirName)) {
                    if (jarEntry.getName().replaceAll("/", "").equals(dirName.replaceAll("/", ""))) {
                        directory = new File(directoryPath.get() + File.separator + dirName.replaceAll("/", ""));
                        directory.mkdirs();
                    } else
                        dirEntries.add(jarEntry);
                }
            }
            if (directory == null) {
                throw new CommonTestRuntimeException(StringUtils.buildString("There is no directory ", dirName,
                        "in the jar file"));
            }
            for (JarEntry dirEntry : dirEntries) {
                if (!dirEntry.isDirectory()) {
                    File dirFile = new File(directory.getParent() + File.separator + dirEntry.getName());
                    dirFile.createNewFile();
                    convertStreamToFile(dirEntry.getName(), dirFile);
                } else {
                    File dirFile = new File(directory.getParent() + File.separator + dirEntry.getName());
                    dirFile.mkdirs();
                }
            }
            return directory.getAbsolutePath();
        } catch (IOException ex) {
            ex.printStackTrace();
        } finally {
            try {
                jarFile.close();
            } catch (Exception e) {
                e.printStackTrace();
            }
        }
        throw new CommonTestRuntimeException("There are problems in creation files in directory " + directoryPath);
    } else {
        return directoryPath.get() + File.separator + dirName.replaceAll("/", "");
    }
}

private static String getFilePath(String fileName) {
    try {
        String[] fileType = fileName.split("\\.");
        int typeIndex = fileType.length;
        File file = File.createTempFile(StringUtils.generateRandomString("temp"),
                StringUtils.buildString(".", fileType[typeIndex - 1]));
        file.deleteOnExit();
        convertStreamToFile(fileName, file);
        return file.getAbsolutePath();
    } catch (IOException e) {
        e.printStackTrace();
    }
    throw new CommonTestRuntimeException("Impossible to get file path");
}

private static void convertStreamToFile(String resourceFileName, File file) throws IOException {
    try (InputStream in = FileUtils.class.getClassLoader().getResourceAsStream(resourceFileName);
         BufferedReader reader = new BufferedReader(new InputStreamReader(in, "UTF8"));
         FileOutputStream fos = new FileOutputStream(file);
         OutputStreamWriter fileOutputStreamWriter = new OutputStreamWriter(fos, "UTF8");
         BufferedWriter fileWriter = new BufferedWriter(fileOutputStreamWriter);
    ) {
        String line = null;
        while ((line = reader.readLine()) != null) {
            fileWriter.write(line + "\n");
        }
    }
}

public static void writeToJson(String jsonFilePath, Object object) {
    try {
        Gson gson = new Gson();
        FileWriter fileWriter = new FileWriter(jsonFilePath);
        fileWriter.write(gson.toJson(object));
        fileWriter.close();
    } catch (IOException e) {
        e.printStackTrace();
    }
}

ZipUtils

public static String packZipWithNameOfFolder(String folder, String extension) {
    String outZipPath = folder + "." + extension;
    try {
        try (ZipOutputStream zos = new ZipOutputStream(new FileOutputStream(outZipPath))) {
            File file = new File(folder);
            doZip(file, zos);
        }
    } catch (IOException e) {
        throw new CommonTestRuntimeException("Fail of packaging of folder. ", e);
    }
    return outZipPath;
}

private static void doZip(File dir, ZipOutputStream out) throws IOException {
    for (File f: dir.listFiles()) {
        if (f.isDirectory()) {
            doZip(f, out);
        } else {
            out.putNextEntry(new ZipEntry(f.getName()));
            try (FileInputStream in = new FileInputStream(f)) {
                write(in, out);
            }
        }
    }
}

private static void write (InputStream in, OutputStream out) throws IOException {
    byte[] buffer = new byte[1024];
    int len;
    while ((len = in.read(buffer)) >= 0) {
        out.write(buffer, 0, len);
    }
}

CapabilityFactory.getChromeCapabilitiesWithExtension（...）

public static DesiredCapabilities getChromeCapabilitiesWithExtension(String crxExtensionPath) {
    DesiredCapabilities chromeCapabilities = getChromeCapabilities();
    Logger.info("Extension path: " + crxExtensionPath);
    ChromeOptions options = new ChromeOptions();
    options.addExtensions(new File(crxExtensionPath));
    options.addArguments("--start-maximized");
    chromeCapabilities.setCapability(ChromeOptions.CAPABILITY, options);
    return chromeCapabilities;
}

Answer 4

    public void AddHeaderChrome()
    {
    ChromeOptions  options = new ChromeOptions();
    options.addExtensions(new File("C:\\Downloads\\ModHeader_v2.0.9.crx"));
     DesiredCapabilities capabilities = DesiredCapabilities.internetExplorer();

    capabilities.setCapability(CapabilityType.options);
    // launch the browser
    WebDriver driver = new ChromeDriver(options);
    String HeadersName[]=new String[10];
    String HeadersValue[]=new String[10];;
    int length;
    if(ConfigDetails.HeadersName.contains(","))
    {
    HeadersName=ConfigDetails.HeadersName.split(",");
    HeadersValue=ConfigDetails.HeadersValue.split(",");
    length=HeadersName.length;
    }
    else
    {
       HeadersName[0]=ConfigDetails.HeadersName; 
       HeadersValue[0]=ConfigDetails.HeadersValue;
       length=1;
    }   
    int field_no=1;
    for(int i=0;i<length;i++)
    {
    driver.get("chrome-extension://idgpnmonknjnojddfkpgkljpfnnfcklj/popup.html");
    driver.findElement(By.xpath("//input[@id='fl-input-"+field_no+"']")).sendKeys(HeadersName[i]);
    driver.findElement(By.xpath("//input[@id='fl-input-"+(field_no+1)+"']")).sendKeys(HeadersValue[i]);
    field_no+=2
    }

Answer 5

Chrome上的扩展程序具有常量唯一ID。

您可以使用selenium web驱动程序导航到chrome-extension://<EXTENSION_UUIF>/options.html，此处options.html是您定义的首选项页面。

然后执行一段脚本来更改chrome.storage.local中存储的设置。

Answer 6

 public void AddHeaderFirefox(FirefoxProfile profile)
 {
 String directory = System.getProperty("user.dir");
 FirefoxProfile profile = new FirefoxProfile(); 
 try
 {
 profile.addExtension(new File(directory+"/modify-headers-0.7.1.1.xpi"));
 }
 catch(IOException e)
 {
  System.out.println(e);
 }
 String HeadersName[]=new String[10];
 String HeadersValue[]=new String[10];

 if(ConfigDetails.HeadersName.contains(",") && ConfigDetails.HeadersValue.contains(","))
 {
 HeadersName=ConfigDetails.HeadersName.split(",");
 HeadersValue=ConfigDetails.HeadersValue.split(",");
 length=HeadersName.length;
               }

 You have to parametrise the header USING Split function of java to set 
 multiple headers.

 for(int i=0;i<length;i++)
 {
 profile.setPreference("modifyheaders.headers.count",i+1);
 profile.setPreference("modifyheaders.headers.action"+i, "Add");
 profile.setPreference("modifyheaders.headers.name"+i,HeadersName[i]);
 profile.setPreference("modifyheaders.headers.value"+i,HeadersValue[i]);
 profile.setPreference("modifyheaders.headers.enabled"+i, true);
 profile.setPreference("modifyheaders.config.active", true);
 profile.setPreference("modifyheaders.config.alwaysOn", true);

}

如何通过Selenium WebDriver以编程方式配置Chrome扩展程序

6 个答案: