Question

我尝试添加Cucumber来测试我的Java项目，我写了一个功能文件：

Feature: I visit the website

    Scenario: I read the home page
        Given I am on the "home" page

我写了一个课程来运行cukes

import cucumber.api.CucumberOptions;

/**
 *  See https://cucumber.io/docs/reference/jvm#junit-runner
 */
@RunWith(Cucumber.class)
@CucumberOptions(glue = {"classpath:stepdefinitions"},features = {"src/test/features"})
public class RunCukesTest {
}

步骤定义:(我觉得我在这里缺少注释）

package com.myproject.test.stepdefinitions;

import cucumber.api.PendingException;
import cucumber.api.java8.En;

public class WebSteps implements En {

    public WebSteps() {
        Given("^I am on the \"([^\"]*)\" page$", (String page) -> {
            System.out.println(page);
        });
    }
}

所以无论我放在glue = {}中，都找不到步骤。使用glue = {"classpath:stepdefinitions"}或glue = {"stepdefinitions"}，测试为绿色，我有“您可以使用下面的代码段实现丢失的步骤”消息（找不到该步骤）。如果我放置完整的包路径，请glue = {"com.myproject.test.stepdefinitions"}或glue = {"classpath:com.myproject.test.stepdefinitions"}

我有一个堆栈跟踪：

java.lang.NoClassDefFoundError: org/springframework/test/context/ContextHierarchy
    at cucumber.runtime.java.spring.SpringFactory.annotatedWithSupportedSpringRootTestAnnotations(SpringFactory.java:198)
    at cucumber.runtime.java.spring.SpringFactory.dependsOnSpringContext(SpringFactory.java:187)
    at cucumber.runtime.java.spring.SpringFactory.addClass(SpringFactory.java:61)
    at cucumber.runtime.java.JavaBackend.loadGlue(JavaBackend.java:96)
    at cucumber.runtime.Runtime.<init>(Runtime.java:91)
    at cucumber.runtime.Runtime.<init>(Runtime.java:69)
    at cucumber.runtime.Runtime.<init>(Runtime.java:65)
    at cucumber.api.junit.Cucumber.createRuntime(Cucumber.java:78)
    at cucumber.api.junit.Cucumber.<init>(Cucumber.java:58)
    at sun.reflect.NativeConstructorAccessorImpl.newInstance0(Native Method)
    at sun.reflect.NativeConstructorAccessorImpl.newInstance(NativeConstructorAccessorImpl.java:62)
    at sun.reflect.DelegatingConstructorAccessorImpl.newInstance(DelegatingConstructorAccessorImpl.java:45)
    at java.lang.reflect.Constructor.newInstance(Constructor.java:422)
    at org.junit.internal.builders.AnnotatedBuilder.buildRunner(AnnotatedBuilder.java:29)
    at org.junit.internal.builders.AnnotatedBuilder.runnerForClass(AnnotatedBuilder.java:21)
    at org.junit.runners.model.RunnerBuilder.safeRunnerForClass(RunnerBuilder.java:59)
    at org.junit.internal.builders.AllDefaultPossibilitiesBuilder.runnerForClass(AllDefaultPossibilitiesBuilder.java:26)
    at org.junit.runners.model.RunnerBuilder.safeRunnerForClass(RunnerBuilder.java:59)
    at org.junit.internal.requests.ClassRequest.getRunner(ClassRequest.java:26)
    at org.eclipse.jdt.internal.junit4.runner.JUnit4TestLoader.createUnfilteredTest(JUnit4TestLoader.java:84)
    at org.eclipse.jdt.internal.junit4.runner.JUnit4TestLoader.createTest(JUnit4TestLoader.java:70)
    at org.eclipse.jdt.internal.junit4.runner.JUnit4TestLoader.loadTests(JUnit4TestLoader.java:43)
    at org.eclipse.jdt.internal.junit.runner.RemoteTestRunner.runTests(RemoteTestRunner.java:444)
    at org.eclipse.jdt.internal.junit.runner.RemoteTestRunner.runTests(RemoteTestRunner.java:675)
    at org.eclipse.jdt.internal.junit.runner.RemoteTestRunner.run(RemoteTestRunner.java:382)
    at org.eclipse.jdt.internal.junit.runner.RemoteTestRunner.main(RemoteTestRunner.java:192)
Caused by: java.lang.ClassNotFoundException: org.springframework.test.context.ContextHierarchy
    at java.net.URLClassLoader.findClass(URLClassLoader.java:381)
    at java.lang.ClassLoader.loadClass(ClassLoader.java:424)
    at sun.misc.Launcher$AppClassLoader.loadClass(Launcher.java:331)
    at java.lang.ClassLoader.loadClass(ClassLoader.java:357)
    ... 26 more

以下是我在pom.xml中添加的内容：

    <!-- Tests with cucumber -->
    <dependency>
        <groupId>info.cukes</groupId>
        <artifactId>cucumber-java8</artifactId>
        <version>1.2.3</version>
        <scope>test</scope>
    </dependency>
    <!-- Dependency Injection with Spring https://cucumber.io/docs/reference/java-di#spring -->
    <dependency>
        <groupId>info.cukes</groupId>
        <artifactId>cucumber-spring</artifactId>
        <version>1.2.3</version>
        <scope>test</scope>
    </dependency>
    <!-- JUnit Runner : https://cucumber.io/docs/reference/jvm#running -->
    <dependency>
        <groupId>info.cukes</groupId>
        <artifactId>cucumber-junit</artifactId>
        <version>1.2.3</version>
        <scope>test</scope>
    </dependency>
    <dependency>
        <groupId>junit</groupId>
        <artifactId>junit</artifactId>
        <version>4.12</version>
        <scope>test</scope>
    </dependency>

我的项目使用Spring 4.

Answer 1

您没有遗漏注释。您缺少类路径中的内容。

我将从简化设置位开始。您正在使用Maven，因此我将示例功能文件放在与RunCukesTest类相同的包中。如果RunCukesTest位于com.myproject.test包中，那么这意味着：

的src /测试/资源/ COM / myproject的/测试

我认为您目前正在为您的功能文件使用src / test / features。这不是Maven包含在类路径中的路径。除非您明确添加，否则您不会向我们展示，如果您这样做的话。

移动要素文件应该允许您删除@CucumberOptions并删除一个潜在的问题来源。

然后，我将在与RunCukesTest相同的包中的类中实现该步骤。我会使用运行构建时提供的代码片段，mvn测试。最后做system.out.println（）你必须真正知道预期的方法确实被执行了。这些片段可能是Java 8之前的做事方式。

有了这个工作，我会尝试让Java 8步骤正常工作。

更多细节可以在Cucumber的源代码中看到： https://github.com/cucumber/cucumber-jvm/tree/master/java8/src/test/java/cucumber/runtime/java8/test

Answer 2

该错误表明您缺少Spring依赖项;在查看未找到步骤定义的原因之前，您必须解决此问题。您尚未在项目中发布完整的deps列表，但至少应该在您的pom中包含这些依赖项：

<dependency>
  <groupId>org.springframework</groupId>
  <artifactId>spring-core</artifactId>
  <version>4.1.6.RELEASE</version>
</dependency>
<dependency>
  <groupId>org.springframework</groupId>
  <artifactId>spring-context-support</artifactId>
  <version>4.1.6.RELEASE</version>
</dependency>

您可能需要更新版本。

Answer 3

向Runnerclass plugin={"pretty","html:format"}添加插件。我使用如下：

@RunWith(Cucumber.class)
@CucumberOptions(
  plugin={"pretty","html:format"},      
  features = "Features/name.feature",glue={"stepdefinitions path in eclipse"})

public class RunnerClass {
}

当您想要参数化HOME变量时，它应该像< Home >而不是Home。也不确定为什么在步骤定义中添加String参数，请删除并尝试。

Cucumber-JVM - Java 8 - 找不到步骤定义

3 个答案: