我正在学习python并正在创建一个石头剪刀游戏。
我被困在一个部分。
我目前有4个变量(虽然我想把它变为2)
他们分别在字典中查找Key和Value。
choice = {1:'rock', 2:'paper', 3:'scissors'}
我遇到的问题是使用变量从字典中获取密钥。
以下是给我带来麻烦的代码段
print('--- 1 = Rock 2 = Paper 3 = Scissors --- ')
pKey = input() # this is sets the key to the dictionary called choice
while turn == 1: # this is the loop to make sure the player makes a valid choice
if pKey == 1 or 2 or 3:
pChoice = choice.values(pKey) # this calls the value from choice dict and pKey variable
break
else:
print('Please only user the numbers 1, 2 or 3 to choose')
comKey = random.randint(1, 3) # this sets the computer choices
comChoice = choice.values(comKey)
特别是麻烦的部分是
pChoice = choice.values(pKey)
和
comChoice = choice.values(comKey)
我尝试过使用括号,尝试不同方法和使用不同格式的所有知识。
很想学习这个!谢谢!
答案 0 :(得分:1)
听起来你只是想做字典查找
pKey = 1
pChoice = choices[pKey] # rock
dict.values
用于创建包含字典所有值的列表(实际上是dict_values
对象)。它不用作查找。
就你的代码结构而言,它可以使用一些工作。摇滚/纸/剪的选择非常适合Enum
,但现在可能有点超出你的范围。让我们尝试作为顶层模块常量。
ROCK = "rock"
PAPER = "paper"
SCISSORS = "scissors"
def get_choice():
"""get_choice asks the user to choose rock, paper, or scissors and
returns their selection (or None if the input is wrong).
"""
selection = input("1. Rock\n2. Paper\n3. Scissors\n>> ")
return {"1": ROCK, "2": PAPER, "3": SCISSORS}.get(selection)
将它们作为常量处理,确保它们在代码中的每个地方都是相同的,否则你会得到一个非常清晰的NameError(而不是因为你if comChoice == "scisors"
而没有执行if分支)
枚举的最小示例如下:
from enum import Enum
Choices = Enum("Choices", "rock paper scissors")
def get_choice():
selection = input(...) # as above
try:
return Choices(int(selection))
except ValueError:
# user entered the wrong value
return None
你可以使用更详细的Enum定义来扩展它,并教会每个Choice实例如何计算胜利者:
class Choices(Enum):
rock = ("paper", "scissors")
paper = ("scissors", "rock")
scissors = ("rock", "paper")
def __init__(self, loses, beats):
self._loses = loses
self._beats = beats
@property
def loses(self):
return self.__class__[self._loses]
@property
def beats(self):
return self.__class__[self._beats]
def wins_against(self, other):
return {self: 0, self.beats: 1, self.loses: -1}[other]
s, p, r = Choices["scissors"], Choices["paper"], Choices["rock"]
s.wins_against(p) # 1
s.wins_against(s) # 0
s.wins_against(r) # -1
不幸的是,没有很好的方法可以丢失抽象(每次调用时都将“纸张”抽象到Choices.paper),因为当Choices["paper"]
被实例化时你不知道Choices.rock
是什么
答案 1 :(得分:0)
你不知道如何从dict中获取元素,你的代码应该是这样的:
import random
choice = {1: 'rock', 2: 'paper', 3: 'scissors'}
print('1 = Rock\t2 = Paper\t3 = Scissors')
pKey = int(input())
if pKey in (1, 2, 3):
pChoice = choice[pKey]
else:
print('Please only user the numbers 1, 2 or 3 to choose')
pChoice = 'No choice'
comKey = random.randint(1, 3)
comChoice = choice[comKey]
print(pChoice, comChoice)
对我来说很好。