我试图将一些文本(逐个字符)转换为二进制表示。由于某种原因,print语句printf("Hold is %d or %c: ", hold, hold);
正在改变我的函数的输出,我不知道如何解释它。任何帮助将不胜感激。测试文件只是一个文本文件,里面有Hello, World!
。
用它:
Hold is 72 or H: 01001000
Hold is 101 or e: 01100101
Hold is 108 or l: 01101100
Hold is 108 or l: 01101100
Hold is 111 or o: 01101111
Hold is 44 or ,: 00101100
Hold is 32 or : 00100000
Hold is 87 or W: 01010111
Hold is 111 or o: 01101111
Hold is 114 or r: 01110010
Hold is 108 or l: 01101100
Hold is 100 or d: 01100100
Hold is 33 or !: 00100001
没有它:
1000 �
0101 �
1100 �
1100 �
1111 �
1100 �
0000 �
0111 �
1111 �
0010 �
1100 �
0100 �
0001 �
代码
#include <stdio.h>
#include <string.h>
void decimal_to_binary(unsigned long num, FILE *out) {
int i = 255, a = 0;
char binarr[255];
for (i = 0; i < 255; i++) { binarr[i] = '0'; }
if (num != 0) {
while (num != 0) {
if (num % 2 == 0) {
binarr[i] = '0';
i--;
} else {
binarr[i] = '1';
i--;
}
num /= 2;
}
} else {
fprintf(out, "00000000");
}
fprintf(out, "%s ", binarr + strlen(binarr) - 8);
printf("%s\n", binarr + strlen(binarr) - 8);
memset(binarr, 0, sizeof(binarr));
}
int main(int argc, char *argv[]) {
int hold;
FILE *in = fopen(argv[1], "r");
FILE *out = fopen(argv[2], "w+");
while (!feof(in)) {
hold = fgetc(in);
if (hold > 0 && hold != 10){
printf("Hold is %d or %c: ", hold, hold);
decimal_to_binary(hold, out);
}
}
fclose(in);
fclose(out);
return 0;
}
答案 0 :(得分:1)
您的decimal_to_binary
功能不正确:
binarr
数组的结尾。printf
。这是一个更简单和更正的版本:
void decimal_to_binary(unsigned long num, FILE *out) {
int i = 256, a = 0;
char binarr[257];
memset(binarr, '0', sizeof(binarr) - 1);
binarr[i] = '\0';
while (num != 0) {
--i;
if (num % 2) {
binarr[i] = '1';
}
num /= 2;
}
if (i > 256 - 8) // print at least 8 bits
i = 256 - 8;
fprintf(out, "%s ", binarr + i);
printf("%s\n", binarr + i);
}
您的功能main
也存在问题:
feof(in)
测试文件结尾。这是不正确的,您应该检查hold
是EOF
。'\n'
的值硬编码为10是不好的做法。这是一个正确的版本:
int main(int argc, char *argv[]) {
int hold;
FILE *in = fopen(argv[1], "r");
FILE *out = fopen(argv[2], "w+");
while ((hold = fgetc(in)) != EOF) {
if (hold != '\n') {
printf("Hold is %d or %c: ", hold, hold);
decimal_to_binary(hold, out);
}
}
fclose(in);
fclose(out);
return 0;
}
答案 1 :(得分:1)
我减少了极大的数组,确保用空字符终止字符串,将数组归零,然后使用fprintf打印它。这解决了这个问题。
void decimal_to_binary(unsigned long num, FILE *out){
int i = 7, a = 0;
char binarr[9];
binarr[8]='\0';
for (a=7; a>=0; a--){ binarr[a] = '0'; }
if (num != 0) {
while (num!=0){
if (num%2 == 0){
binarr[i] = '0';
i--;
}
else { binarr[i] = '1'; i--; }
num /= 2;
}
} else { fprintf(out, "00000000"); }
fprintf(out, "%s ", binarr);
memset(binarr, 0, sizeof(binarr));
}
答案 2 :(得分:1)
由于几个原因,您的程序有不确定的行为。
strlen
会导致未定义的行为。binarr
。这也是未定义行为的原因。我对您的函数decimal_to_binary
进行了注释,指出了这些错误的位置。
void decimal_to_binary(unsigned long num, FILE *out){
int i = 255, a = 0;
char binarr[255];
for (i=0; i<255; i++){ binarr[i] = '0'; }
// All the elements of binarr are set to '0'.
// It's not a null terminated string.
if (num != 0) {
while (num!=0){
// The value of i is 255 when this loop is
// entered the first time.
// Setting the value of binarr[255] is cause for
// undefined behavior.
if (num%2 == 0){
binarr[i] = '0';
i--;
}
else { binarr[i] = '1'; i--; }
num /= 2;
}
} else { fprintf(out, "00000000"); }
fprintf(out, "%s ", binarr + strlen(binarr) - 8);
printf("%s\n", binarr + strlen(binarr) - 8);
memset(binarr, 0, sizeof(binarr));
}
修复很简单。
使用空字符终止字符串。
for (i=0; i<255; i++){ binarr[i] = '0'; }
i--;
binarr[i] = '\0';
在binarr
循环中修改while
时使用正确的索引。
while (num!=0){
// Decrement the index before you assign to the next element.
// When the loop is entered the first time, i = 254, which
// is used to null terminate binarray.
// The next '1' or '0' needs to be placed at i = 253.
i--;
if (num%2 == 0){
binarr[i] = '0';
}
else {
binarr[i] = '1';
}
num /= 2;
}