打印所有子向量组合+问题

时间:2016-01-24 01:28:07

标签: c++ vector combinatorics

我正在尝试创建一个工具,使我的生活更容易设置基于数字添加的配置设置列表,以指示应启用哪些功能。我使用的是1到512之间的2列表(1,2,4,8,16,32,64,128,256,512)。

手动浏览并创建一个列表,列出哪些值将使得启用哪些功能会非常耗时,因此我尝试以编程方式执行此操作然后将输出保存到文件中。但是,我遇到了找到合适解决方案的问题。

我已经阅读了SO和其他编码论坛中关于该主题的所有问题,并且所有问题都涉及线性组合。这是我能够做的,我有这个示例代码,我改变了,然后在我的工具上构建:

    #include <iostream>
using std::cout;
using std::cin;
using std::endl;

// A is the array that contains the numbers
// comb is an array of size k that will hold all possible combinations
// n is the size of input array
// k is 1 less than the size of combination i.e. we want to find out 4C2 k =1
// current_k is the variable that makes us simulates k loops in a recursive function
void combinations(int A[], int comb[], int start, int n, int current_k, int k){
    int sum = 0;

    if (k < 0)
        return;

    // Base case just print all the numbers 1 at a time
    if (k == 0){
        for (int i = 0; i < n; i++)
            cout << A[i] << endl;
    }

    // current_k goes from 0 to k-1 and simulates a total of 
    // k iterations
    if (current_k < k){
        // if current_k = 0, and k = 3 (i.e. we need to find combinations of 4) 
        // then we need to leave out 3 numbers from the end because there are 3
        // more nested loops
        for (int i = start; i < n - (k - current_k); i++){
            // Store the number in the comb array and recursively call with the remaining sub-array
            comb[current_k] = A[i];
            // This will basically pass a sub array starting at index 'start' and going till n-1
            combinations(A, comb, i+1, n, current_k+1, k);
        }
    }

    else if (current_k == k){
        for (int i = start; i < n; i++){
            comb[current_k] = A[i];

            for (int j = 0; j <= k; j++){
                sum += comb[j];     
            }

            cout << sum << endl;
            sum = 0;
        }
    }

    else
        return;
}

int main(){
    int n;
    cout << "Enter the 'n' " << endl;
    cin >> n;
    int *A = new int[n];

    for (int i = 0; i < n; i++)
        A[i] = i+1;

    int k;
    cout << "Enter 'k'" << endl;
    cin >> k;
    int *comb = new int[k];

    combinations(A, comb, 0, n, 0, k-1);

    system("pause");
    return 0;
}

唯一的问题是我还需要非线性组合。比如1 + 64 + 256。这也可以拿起这些组合吗?我也有一个问题,我会在发布代码后解释。这是我正在使用的实际代码:

#include <iostream>
#include <vector>
#include <string>
#include "mcl.h"

using std::cout;
using std::vector;
using std::string;
using std::cin;
using std::endl;

static vector<string> results;

// A is the array that contains the numbers
// comb is an array of size k that will hold all possible combinations
// n is the size of input array
// k is 1 less than the size of combination i.e. we want to find out 4C2 k =1
// current_k is the variable that makes us simulates k loops in a recursive function
void combinations(vector<mcl> A, vector<mcl> comb, int start, int n, int current_k, int k){
    string sum;
    string sNames;
    int sCodes = 0;

    if (k < 0)
        k = 0;

    // Base case just print all the numbers 1 at a time
    if (k == 0){
        for (int i = 0; i < n; i++)
            cout << A.at(i).getCode() << " - " << A.at(i).getName() << endl;
        return;
    }

    // current_k goes from 0 to k-1 and simulates a total of 
    // k iterations
    if (current_k < k){
        // if current_k = 0, and k = 3 (i.e. we need to find combinations of 4) 
        // then we need to leave out 3 numbers from the end because there are 3
        // more nested loops
        for (int i = start; i < n - (k - current_k); i++){
            // Store the number in the comb array and recursively call with the remaining sub-array
            comb.push_back(mcl(A.at(i).getCode(),A.at(i).getName()));
            // This will basically pass a sub array starting at index 'start' and going till n-1
            combinations(A, comb, i + 1, n, current_k + 1, k);
        }
    }

    else if (current_k == k){
        for (int i = start; i < n; i++){
            comb.at(current_k-1) = A.at(i);

            for (int j = 0; j < k; j++){
                sCodes += comb.at(j).getCode();
                if (sNames != ""){
                    sNames = sNames + "," + comb.at(j).getName();
                }

                else{
                    sNames = sNames + comb.at(j).getName();
                }
            }
        }

        results.push_back(sCodes + " - " + sNames);
        sCodes = 0;
        sNames = "";
    }

    else
        return;
}

int main(){
    int k;
    vector<mcl> A,comb;

    A.push_back(mcl(1, "Light"));
    A.push_back(mcl(2, "Bright"));
    A.push_back(mcl(4, "Dark"));

    k = 2;


    combinations(A, comb, 0, A.size(), 0, k - 1);

    //system("cls");
    for (int i1 = 0; i1 < results.size(); i1++){
        cout << results.at(i1) << endl;
    }

    system("pause");
    return 0;
}

mcl标头和imp代码:

#ifndef MCL_H
#define MCL_H

#include <string>

using std::string;

class mcl{
public:
    mcl(int code, string name);

    int getCode();
    string getName();

    void setCode(int i);
    void setName(string s);

private:
    int cCode;
    string cName;
};
#endif;

小鬼:

#include "mcl.h";

mcl::mcl(int code, string name){
    cCode = code;
    cName = name;
}

int mcl::getCode(){
    return cCode;
}

string mcl::getName(){
    return cName;
}

void mcl::setCode(int i){
    cCode = i;
}

void mcl::setName(string s){
    cName = s;
}

现在问题。当我试图测试我在代码中定义的三个mcl对象组合的显示时,我看到了这个输出:

  

亮,暗

     

,黑暗

     

按任意键继续。 。

正如我看到每个单个对象的数据正确显示我是否将k设置为0:

  

1 - 光

     

2 - 明亮

     

4 - 黑暗

     

按任意键继续。 。

我认为这个问题是由创建显示结果向量的for循环引起的,但我不确定实际问题是什么。

至于我预期输出的一个例子,鉴于上面代码中的硬编码元素,这就是我想要输出工具的地方(粗体是基本设置,非粗体是组合):

1 - 光亮 2 - 亮光 3 - 轻,明亮
4 - 黑暗 5 - 浅色,深色
6 - 明亮,黑暗
7 - 光明,明亮,黑暗

2 个答案:

答案 0 :(得分:0)

看了你的代码一段时间后;并尝试理解你的内容是在组合函数中发现的代码的这一部分引起了我的注意:

    else if ( current_k == k ) {
        for ( int i = start; i < n; i++ ) {
            comb.at(current_k-1) = A.at(i);

            for ( int j = 0; j < k; j++ ){
                sCodes += comb.at(j).getCode();
                if ( sNames != "" ) {
                    sNames = sNames + "," + comb.at(j).getName();

                } else {
                    sNames = sNames + comb.at(j).getName();
                }
            }
        }

        results.push_back(sCodes + " - " + sNames);
        sCodes = 0;
        sNames = "";

    } else {
        return;
    }

我在想的是你正在经历一个双循环,你不会更新你的向量,直到双循环完成后。这是你想要的吗?或者你的意思是在内部for循环的每次迭代后保存?如果是,那么你只需要在if else语句之后将其移动到内部for循环的内部,其中修改后的代码将如下所示:

    else if ( current_k == k ) {
        for ( int i = start; i < n; i++ ) {
            comb.at(current_k-1) = A.at(i);

            for ( int j = 0; j < k; j++ ){
                sCodes += comb.at(j).getCode();
                if ( sNames != "" ) {
                    sNames = sNames + "," + comb.at(j).getName();

                } else {
                    sNames = sNames + comb.at(j).getName();
                }

                results.push_back(sCodes + " - " + sNames);
            }
        }

        sCodes = 0;
        sNames = "";

    } else {
        return;
    }

让我知道这是否会以任何方式帮助你;遗憾的是,我没有时间尝试在IDE中重新创建代码,以尝试编译,构建,运行和调试,以查看修改版本的输出是否正确。我从头顶看到了这一点。如果我在不久的将来有空闲时间;我也许可以这样做,并试着看看我能想出什么。

答案 1 :(得分:0)

所以我经过大量的研究和测试后决定,这对我的情况来说效果不好,而且性能成本太高。相反,我通过中间表选择数据库内(SQLite)解决方案,该中间表将ID从一个表映射到一对多关系中另一个表中的ID。与上面的例子试图通过代码处理它的强力方法相比,更容易编码和非常精简的性能。