解析框架,可以很好地处理JSON中的循环引用

时间:2016-01-21 10:21:58

标签: android json jsog

我正在开发一个Android项目,目前正在尝试弄清楚如何将包含引用周期JSON中的某些API反序列化为对象图,然后我可以操作并存储在数据库中。让我举个例子:

{
    "id": "24",
    "name": "Bob",
    "friends": [
        {
            "id": "13",
            "name": "Alice",
            "friends": [
                {
               "id": "24" // and we have a circular reference
                }
            ]
        }
    ]
}

此处,名为Bob的人物对象是人Alice的朋友,而Alice则是Bob的朋友。由于关系是递归的,AliceBob的朋友关系不再被视为完整的人物对象,只提供了他的id

您使用哪些工具来执行上述步骤?我尝试使用Jackson实现对象映射部分但未能找到循环要求的解决方案。我发现ongoing discussion有关此主题的内容提到JSOG可能会有所帮助,但我们的API已修复且不符合JSOG。

基本上我正在寻找的是像Android的RestKit(iOS框架)。

3 个答案:

答案 0 :(得分:4)

修复API后,我会以这种方式实现它:

从数据库的角度来看,我有2个表 - UserTable RelationsTable ,以保留好友图的所有边缘:
enter image description here

即。 的想法是将用户保留在一个表及其关系表中的关系。它还允许稍后在其上添加一些额外的逻辑(例如,用户隐藏他的连接或阻止某人等 - 图形的任何可能的边缘)。此外,可以缓解循环引用的问题

作为从服务中检索数据的框架&解析jsons,我会使用Retrofit

首先,我要定义UserBaseUser类:

public class UserBase {
    public string id;
}

public final class User extends UserBase {
    public string name;
    public List<UserBase> friends;
    // user's "real" friends, not just ids, fills from SQLite
    public List<User> userFriends;
}

正如您所看到的,friendsRetrofitUserBase个对象列表,用于从JSON和userFriends解析对象 - 列表,我们'将在后续步骤中手动填写SQLite。

现在,让我们定义一些与DB一起操作的帮助类:

public interface Dao<TItem> {
    void add(List<TItem> items);
    void removeAll();
    List<TItem> getAll();
}
....
public abstract class AbstractDao<TItem> implements Dao<TItem> {
    protected final SQLiteDatabase database;
    protected final SqlUtilities sqlUtilities;

    public AbstractDao(SQLiteDatabase database, SqlUtilities sqlUtilities) {
        this.database = database;
        this.sqlUtilities = sqlUtilities;
    }
}

现在我们需要用于RelatedTable和UserTable的Dao:

public class UserRelation {
    public String mainUserId;
    public String relatedUserId;
}
...
public interface UserRelationDao extends Dao<UserRelation> {
    ...
    List<User> getFriends(String userId);
    ...
}
... 
public interface UserDao extends Dao<User> {
    ...
    void addWithIgnore(List<TItem> items);
    void update(List<TItem> items);
    void upsert(List<TItem> items);

    User getById(String userId);
    ...
}

一旦完成,我们实际上可以实现这个接口:

DefaultUserRelationDao上课:

public class DefaultUserRelationDao extends AbstractDao<UserRelation> implements UserRelationDao {
    static final String MAIN_USER_COLUMN = "mainuser";
    static final String RELATED_USER_COLUMN = "relateduser";

    private static final String[] COLUMN_NAMES = new String[]{
            MAIN_USER_COLUMN,
            RELATED_USER_COLUMN,
    };

    private static final String[] COLUMN_TYPES = new String[]{
            "TEXT",
            "TEXT",
    };

    private static final String TABLE = "userrelation";
    static final String CREATE_TABLE = SqlUtilities.getCreateStatement(TABLE, COLUMN_NAMES, COLUMN_TYPES);
    static final String ALL_CONNECTED_USERS =
            "SELECT " + Joiner.on(",").join(DefaultUserDao.COLUMN_NAMES) +
                    " FROM " + UserTable.TABLE_NAME + "," + TABLE +
                    " WHERE " + RELATED_USER_COLUMN + "=" + DefaultUserDao.USER_ID_COLUMN;

    public DefaultUserRelationDao(SQLiteDatabase database, SqlUtilities sqlUtilities) {
        super(database, sqlUtilities);
    }

    @Override
    public void add(List<UserRelation> userRelations) {
        try {
            database.beginTransaction();
            ContentValues contentValues = new ContentValues();

            for (UserRelation relation : userRelations) {
                sqlUtilities.setValuesForUsersRelation(contentValues, relation);
                database.insertOrThrow(TABLE, null, contentValues);
            }

            database.setTransactionSuccessful();
        } finally {
            database.endTransaction();
        }
    }

    @Override
    public List<User> getFriends(String userId) {
        Cursor cursor = database.rawQuery(ALL_CONNECTED_USERS, new String[]{userId});
        return sqlUtilities.getConnectedUsers(cursor);
    }
}

DefaultUserDao类:

public final class DefaultUserDao extends AbstractUDao<User> implements UserDao {

    public static final String USER_ID_COLUMN = "userid";
    static final String USER_NAME_COLUMN = "username";

    public static final String[] COLUMN_NAMES = new String[]{
            USER_ID_COLUMN,
            USER_NAME_COLUMN,
    };

    private static final String TABLE = "users";
    private static final String SELECT_BY_ID =
            SqlUtilities.getSelectWhereStatement(TABLE, COLUMN_NAMES, new String[]{ USER_ID_COLUMN });

    static final String CREATE_TABLE = SqlUtilities.getCreateStatement(TABLE, COLUMN_NAMES, COLUMN_TYPES);

    public DefaultUserDao(SQLiteDatabase database, SqlUtilities sqlUtilities) {
        super(database, sqlUtilities);
    }

    @Override
    public void add(List<User> users) {
        try {
            database.beginTransaction();
            ContentValues contentValues = new ContentValues();

            for (User user : users) {
                sqlUtilities.setValuesForUser(contentValues, user);
                database.insertOrThrow(UserTable.TABLE_NAME, null, contentValues);
            }

            database.setTransactionSuccessful();
        } finally {
            database.endTransaction();
        }
    }

    @Override
    public User getById(String userId) {
        return getUserBySingleColumn(SELECT_BY_ID, userId);
    }
    .....
    private User getUserBySingleColumn(String selectStatement, String value) {
        Cursor cursor = database.rawQuery(selectStatement, new String[]{value});
        List<User> users = sqlUtilities.getUsers(cursor);
        return (users.size() != 0) ? users.get(0) : null;
    }
}

要创建我们的表,我们需要扩展SQLiteOpenHelper并在onCreate()实际创建表:

public final class DatabaseHelper extends SQLiteOpenHelper {
    static final String DATABASE_NAME = "mysuper.db";
    public DatabaseHelper(Context context) {
        super(context, DATABASE_NAME, null, SCHEMA_VERSION);
    }

    @Override
    public void onCreate(SQLiteDatabase db) {
        db.execSQL(DefaultUserDao.CREATE_TABLE);
        db.execSQL(DefaultUserRelationDao.CREATE_TABLE);
    }
    ...
}

现在,我建议使用缓存定义LocalStorage接口以及所有可能的操作:

  • 获取所有用户
  • 按用户身份获取用户
  • 添加用户
  • 在用户之间添加连接
  • public interface LocalStorage {
       User getUserById(String userId);
       void addUsers(List<User> users);
       ....
    }
    

它的实施:

public final class SqlLocalStorage implements LocalStorage {

    private UserDao userDao;
    private UserRelationDao userRelationDao;

    private SQLiteDatabase database;
    private final Object initializeLock = new Object();
    private volatile boolean isInitialized = false;
    private SqlUtilities sqlUtilities;

    // there database is
    //    SQLiteOpenHelper helper = new DatabaseHelper(context);
    //    database = helper.getWritableDatabase();
    public SqlLocalStorage(SQLiteDatabase database, SqlUtilities sqlUtilities) {
        this.database = database;
        this.sqlUtilities = sqlUtilities;
    }

    @Override
    public User getUserById(String userId) {
        initialize();

        User user = userDao.getById(userId);
        if (user == null) {
            return null;
        }

        List<User> relatedUsers = userRelationDao.getFriends(userId);
        user.userFriends = relaterUsers;
        return user;
    }

    @Override
    public void addUsers(List<User> users) {
        initialize();

        for (User user : users) {
            for (UserBase friend : user) {
                UserRelation userRelation = new UserRelation();
                userRelation.mainUserId = user.id;
                userRelation.relatedUserId = friend.id;

                UserRelation userRelationMutual = new UserRelation();
                userRelationMutual.mainUserId = friend.id;
                userRelationMutual.relatedUserId = user.id;

                userRelationDao.add(userRelation);
                userRelationMutual.add(userRelation)
            }
        }

        userDao.addWithIgnore(users);
    }

    void initialize() {
        if (isInitialized) {
            return;
        }

        synchronized (initializeLock) {
            if (isInitialized) {
                return;
            }

            Log.d(LOG_TAG, "Opens database");
            userDao = new DefaultUserDao(database, sqlUtilities);
            userRelationDao = new DefaultUserRelationDao(database, sqlUtilities);
            isInitialized = true;
        }
    }
}

最后一步 - 它的实际用法:

//somewhere in non-UI thread
List<User> users = dataSource.getUsers();
localStorage.addUsers(users);
final User userBob = localStorage.getUserById("42");

NB!我在这里大量使用我的自定义类SqlUtilities。不幸的是,在这里发布它太大了,但只是一个例子来给出一些内在的想法 - 这里是getUsers(Cursor光标)看起来如何:

.....
public List<User> getUsers(Cursor cursor) {
    ArrayList<User> users = new ArrayList<>();
    try {
        while (cursor.moveToNext()) {
            users.add(getUser(cursor));
        }
    } finally {
        cursor.close();
    }

    return users;
}

private User getUser(Cursor cursor) {
    User user = new User(cursor.getString(0));
    user.FullName = cursor.getString(1);
    ....
    return user; 
}
.....

我希望,你会原谅我跳过一些细节(特别是关于案例,当数据库必须更新时,当数据未满时除了从缓存中获取它之外,你必须检索它首先从服务器,然后加载到缓存等)。如果缺少任何关键部分 - 请在评论中发布,我很乐意更新帖子。

我希望,它会对你有帮助。

答案 1 :(得分:1)

您可以查看JSON-RPC。这是一个很好的框架,支持JSON解析和复杂对象关系的对象映射。

答案 2 :(得分:0)

我会说你正试图解决错误的问题&amp;真正的问题是你的数据表示被破坏了。除了循环引用问题之外,每个朋友都会为每个友谊复制它也效率低下。最好压扁你喜欢这样的人名单:

[
    {
        "id": "13",
        "name": "Alice",
        "friends": ["24"]
    },
    { 
        "id": "24",
        "name": "Bob",
        "friends": ["13"]
    }
]

将列表存储在HashMap<Integer, Person>(或SparseArray<Person>)中。完成工作!