Question

我想用Web API开发一个Asp 5并阅读一些关于Web API的文件，意识到我需要Bearer authorization。
搜索后，我找不到任何使用Aspnet.Identity授权的文档或样本。我有自己的会员资格，我不想使用Identity
我应该使用Identity库吗？或者是否有办法在我的会员资格中实施授权。

一个小问题：
如果我被迫使用Identity，我怎样才能将EntitiyFramework改为dapper或ADO.NET DBContext？

Answer 1

要发布您自己的JWT令牌，您可以使用OpenIddict：

project.json

{
  "dependencies": {
    // ...
    "AspNet.Security.OAuth.Validation": "1.0.0-*",
    "OpenIddict": "1.0.0-*",
    "OpenIddict.EntityFrameworkCore": "1.0.0-*",
    "OpenIddict.Mvc": "1.0.0-*"
  }
}

Startup.cs

public class Startup
{
    public void ConfigureServices(IServiceCollection services)
    {
        services.AddMvc();

        services.AddDbContext<DbContext>(options =>
        {
            // Configure the context to use an in-memory store.
            options.UseInMemoryDatabase();

            // Register the entity sets needed by OpenIddict.
            // Note: use the generic overload if you need
            // to replace the default OpenIddict entities.
            options.UseOpenIddict();
        });

        services.AddOpenIddict(options =>
        {
            // Register the Entity Framework stores.
            options.AddEntityFrameworkCoreStores<DbContext>();

            // Register the ASP.NET Core MVC binder used by OpenIddict.
            // Note: if you don't call this method, you won't be able to
            // bind OpenIdConnectRequest or OpenIdConnectResponse parameters.
            options.AddMvcBinders();

            // Enable the token endpoint.
            options.EnableTokenEndpoint("/connect/token");

            // Enable the password flow.
            options.AllowPasswordFlow();

            // During development, you can disable the HTTPS requirement.
            options.DisableHttpsRequirement();
        });
    }

    public void Configure(IApplicationBuilder app)
    {
        // Register the validation middleware, that is used to decrypt
        // the access tokens and populate the HttpContext.User property.
        app.UseOAuthValidation();

        // Register the OpenIddict middleware.
        app.UseOpenIddict();

        app.UseMvcWithDefaultRoute();
    }
}

AuthorizationController.cs

public class AuthorizationController : Controller
{
    [HttpPost("~/connect/token"), Produces("application/json")]
    public IActionResult Exchange(OpenIdConnectRequest request)
    {
        if (request.IsPasswordGrantType())
        {
            // Validate the user credentials.
            // Note: to mitigate brute force attacks, you SHOULD strongly consider
            // applying a key derivation function like PBKDF2 to slow down
            // the password validation process. You SHOULD also consider
            // using a time-constant comparer to prevent timing attacks.
            if (request.Username != "alice@wonderland.com" ||
                request.Password != "P@ssw0rd")
            {
                return Forbid(OpenIdConnectServerDefaults.AuthenticationScheme);
            }

            // Create a new ClaimsIdentity holding the user identity.
            var identity = new ClaimsIdentity(
                OpenIdConnectServerDefaults.AuthenticationScheme,
                OpenIdConnectConstants.Claims.Name,
                OpenIdConnectConstants.Claims.Role);

            // Add a "sub" claim containing the user identifier, and attach
            // the "access_token" destination to allow OpenIddict to store it
            // in the access token, so it can be retrieved from your controllers.
            identity.AddClaim(OpenIdConnectConstants.Claims.Subject,
                "71346D62-9BA5-4B6D-9ECA-755574D628D8",
                OpenIdConnectConstants.Destinations.AccessToken);

            identity.AddClaim(OpenIdConnectConstants.Claims.Name, "Alice",
                OpenIdConnectConstants.Destinations.AccessToken);

            // ... add other claims, if necessary.
            var principal = new ClaimsPrincipal(identity);

            // Ask OpenIddict to generate a new token and return an OAuth2 token response.
            return SignIn(principal, OpenIdConnectServerDefaults.AuthenticationScheme);
        }

        throw new InvalidOperationException("The specified grant type is not supported.");
    }
}

请求

POST /connect/token HTTP/1.1
Host: localhost:7096
Content-Type: application/x-www-form-urlencoded

grant_type=password&username=alice%40wonderland.com&password=P%40ssw0rd

响应

{
  "token_type": "Bearer",
  "access_token": "CfDJ8Ec0ZpniaHhGg0e0UUvOH9BWZSGrPoEwGd0_Lq2cse-T29YOq985IBiT5fEe5tTSgY1vxq2Z2ZJ7Ikwlpmh0Lrc4x9pqhqHBziUzsP_rkGZkn47TkNkOkzKCwZJZK5x-irH3HROwClFFTq0rgWdb8rZ2xriffNzsby4VwhxhN5soFD435KzmVYkdv-VuaLYo3QiSuexbRi2USVO9LK30vomAG6h2SAxZ7R-jYsXgf0f5gAmdYxg7w3yicv9v8DpUSBiGGRRfymTOnvGEsFJjGuuP8OlY5qzMs6wGaRWkOvCyV2CK_RZF_3TMs7LYCdMQ-dqWY5A03-03OmP8blKzlrKJMDZfrPQHuysbS931xxy8b3kjicfjNLmMHqzQzbUO4fecm4kY8PFnKozojDtqajfTp2bYhxS65bmVYROrswYeUWEKYR6LSdS1K__IDaLoMlLa-Wf6x1wjM2CchzgqbHRF0KEtdL5Ks88dAS44mp9BM6iUOEWyL7VkbazsBdlNciM5ZZB1_6qunufDW_tcaR8",
  "expires_in": 3600
}

有关更多信息，请阅读我撰写的关于OpenIddict的博文：http://kevinchalet.com/2017/01/30/implementing-simple-token-authentication-in-aspnet-core-with-openiddict/

Answer 2

已经有一个JWT Bearer middleware，你只需要写一些发行持票令牌的东西。这有点复杂，取决于您使用什么作为您的身份存储，并且当您指出它是定制的时候，很难就任何方法提出建议。创建JWT令牌并不是那么难;

var now = DateTime.UtcNow;

// Creates new keys automatically, you'd want to store these somewhere
var aes = new AesCryptoServiceProvider();

var signingTokenHandler = new JwtSecurityTokenHandler();
var tokenDescriptor = new SecurityTokenDescriptor
{
    Subject = new ClaimsIdentity(
                new[]
                {
                    new Claim(JwtRegisteredClaimNames.Aud, "YOURWEBSITEURL")                    }),
                    TokenIssuerName = "YourWebSite",
                    Lifetime = new Lifetime(now, now.AddHours(1)),
                    SigningCredentials = new SigningCredentials(
                        new InMemorySymmetricSecurityKey(aes.Key),
                        "http://www.w3.org/2001/04/xmldsig-more#hmac-sha256",
                        "http://www.w3.org/2001/04/xmlenc#sha256")
                };

var token = signingTokenHandler.CreateToken(tokenDescriptor);
var tokenAsString = signingTokenHandler.WriteToken(token);

任何授权部分都不依赖于成员身份，它们将与任何身份验证中间件一起使用。授权文档甚至都没有提到身份。

有authorization workshop可用。你可以在源代码中看到没有人出现身份，它会动态创建用户主体，然后将它们存储在cookie中。

使用不带身份的承载/ Jwt授权

2 个答案:

project.json

Startup.cs

AuthorizationController.cs

请求

响应