有些东西让我对hashCode感到惊讶。我知道,如果我覆盖 等于,那么我也必须覆盖hashCode。我也知道,如果有两个对象 等于,那么两个对象的hashCode必须相等。如果在equals方法中检查的字段没有改变,那么hashCode不应该改变,对吗?
如果是这样,那么我无法理解为什么每次我创建下面的对象的实例时,我得到一个不同的hashCode:
public class Effect {
private long timestamp;
private int damage;
private SquareType squareType;
public Effect(long timestamp, int damage, SquareType squareType) {
this.timestamp = timestamp;
this.damage = damage;
this.squareType = squareType;
}
public long getTimestamp() {
return timestamp;
}
public int getDamage() {
return damage;
}
public SquareType getSquareType() {
return squareType;
}
@Override
public boolean equals(Object o) {
if (this == o) return true;
if (o == null || getClass() != o.getClass()) return false;
Effect effect = (Effect) o;
if (getDamage() != effect.getDamage()) return false;
return getSquareType() == effect.getSquareType();
}
@Override
public int hashCode() {
int result = getDamage();
result = 31 * result + (getSquareType() != null ? getSquareType().hashCode() : 0);
return result;
}
@Override
public String toString() {
String ret = "Effect hashcode: " + hashCode();
return ret;
}
}
在代码中我随着时间的推移不断创建这种对象。每次更改的唯一字段是“timestamp”,但其他两个字段不会更改(除非存在特定事件)。即使“damage”和“SquareType”相同,hashCode值总是不同,会发生什么。 我不在我的equals和hashCode中使用“timestamp”,所以我无法理解为什么我会得到这种行为。
更新
这是SquareType:
public enum SquareType {
FIRE, WIND, WATER, EARTH
}
更新2
例如,如果我创建10个效果实例,我会迭代它们和我 打印它们(toString()返回hashCode值)我得到10个不同的值。
如果两个Effect的实例具有相同的“damage”和“SquareType”,那么它们必须相等并且具有相同的hashCode。
更新3
效果是这样创建的:
@Override
public void friendlyFire(BaseBullet bullet, BaseSquare square) {
square.notifyFriendlyFire(new Effect(TimeUtils.millis(),
square.getDamage(), square.getSquareType()), new MyKey(square.getUniqueID()));
}
唯一改变的效果字段是时间戳,我不在equals和hashCode中使用它。
public void notifyFriendlyFire(Effect newEffect, MyKey key) {
// System.out.println("The map contains the key? " + effectMap.containsKey(key));
if(effectMap.containsKey(key)) {
Effect oldEffect = effectMap.get(key);
System.out.println(newEffect);
if(!oldEffect.equals(newEffect)) {
System.out.println("old effect changed!");
// remove the old effect
removeEffect(oldEffect);
// update the map with the new effect
effectMap.put(key, newEffect); //
// apply the new effect
applyEffect(newEffect);
}
}
else {
// new effect
effectMap.put(key, newEffect);
applyEffect(newEffect);
}
}
检查“if(!oldEffect.equals(newEffect))”始终为true,即使损坏和类型相同。
更新4
我发现了这个错误。伤害不断增加。现在我只想弄明白为什么......
答案 0 :(得分:1)
这是我尝试近似您的实施:
package cruft;
import java.util.Date;
/**
* Equals and hashCode test
* Creation date 1/16/2016.
* @link https://stackoverflow.com/questions/34826585/hashcode-changes-each-time-the-object-is-created
*/
public class OverrideDemo {
private long timestamp;
private int damage;
private SquareType squareType;
public OverrideDemo(int damage, SquareType squareType) {
this(damage, squareType, new Date().getTime());
}
public OverrideDemo(int damage, SquareType squareType, long timestamp) {
if (squareType == null) throw new IllegalArgumentException("square type cannot be null");
this.timestamp = timestamp;
this.damage = damage;
this.squareType = squareType;
}
public long getTimestamp() {
return timestamp;
}
public int getDamage() {
return damage;
}
public SquareType getSquareType() {
return squareType;
}
@Override
public boolean equals(Object o) {
if (this == o) { return true; }
if (o == null || getClass() != o.getClass()) { return false; }
OverrideDemo that = (OverrideDemo) o;
if (damage != that.damage) { return false; }
return squareType == that.squareType;
}
@Override
public int hashCode() {
int result = damage;
result = 31 * result + squareType.hashCode();
return result;
}
@Override
public String toString() {
return "OverrideDemo{" +
"timestamp=" + timestamp +
", damage=" + damage +
", squareType=" + squareType +
'}';
}
}
enum SquareType { FIRE, WIND, WATER, EARTH }
这是一个Junit测试,显示了方法的行为方式。所有测试都通过;我认为这个实现是正确的。
package cruft;
import org.junit.Assert;
import org.junit.Test;
/**
* Junit test demonstrates testing equals and hashcode contract
* Created by Michael
* Creation date 1/16/2016.
* @link https://stackoverflow.com/questions/34826585/hashcode-changes-each-time-the-object-is-created
*/
public class OverrideDemoTest {
@Test
public void testEquals_Null() {
OverrideDemo x = new OverrideDemo(5, SquareType.EARTH);
Assert.assertFalse(x.equals(null));
}
@Test
public void testEquals_Reflexive() {
OverrideDemo x = new OverrideDemo(5, SquareType.EARTH);
Assert.assertTrue(x.equals(x));
}
@Test
public void testEquals_Symmetric() {
OverrideDemo x = new OverrideDemo(5, SquareType.EARTH);
OverrideDemo y = new OverrideDemo(5, SquareType.EARTH);
Assert.assertTrue(x.equals(y));
Assert.assertTrue(y.equals(x));
Assert.assertTrue(x.hashCode() == y.hashCode());
}
@Test
public void testEquals_Transitive() {
OverrideDemo x = new OverrideDemo(5, SquareType.EARTH);
OverrideDemo y = new OverrideDemo(5, SquareType.EARTH);
OverrideDemo z = new OverrideDemo(5, SquareType.EARTH);
Assert.assertTrue(x.equals(y));
Assert.assertTrue(y.equals(z));
Assert.assertTrue(z.equals(x));
Assert.assertTrue(x.hashCode() == y.hashCode());
Assert.assertTrue(y.hashCode() == z.hashCode());
Assert.assertTrue(z.hashCode() == x.hashCode());
}
@Test
public void testEquals_DifferentDamage_NotEqual() {
OverrideDemo x = new OverrideDemo(5, SquareType.EARTH);
OverrideDemo y = new OverrideDemo(10, SquareType.EARTH);
Assert.assertFalse(x.equals(y));
Assert.assertFalse(y.equals(x));
Assert.assertFalse(x.hashCode() == y.hashCode());
}
@Test
public void testEquals_DifferentSquareType_NotEqual() {
OverrideDemo x = new OverrideDemo(10, SquareType.EARTH);
OverrideDemo y = new OverrideDemo(10, SquareType.FIRE);
Assert.assertFalse(x.equals(y));
Assert.assertFalse(y.equals(x));
Assert.assertFalse(x.hashCode() == y.hashCode());
}
}