你如何使用NSAttributedString？

Question

NSString或NSMutableStrings中的多种颜色是不可能的。所以我听说过{strong> iPad SDK 3.2 （或大约3.2）引入的NSAttributedString，并且可以在iPhone上找到 iPhone SDK 4.0 beta < /强>

我想要一个有三种颜色的字符串。

我不使用3个单独的NSStrings的原因是因为三个NSAttributedString子串中每个子串的长度经常变化，所以我更愿意，不使用任何计算来重新定位3个单独的{{ 1}}对象。

如果可以使用NSString如何进行以下操作 - （如果不能使用NSAttributed字符串，你会怎么做）：

修改 请注意，NSAttributedString，@"first"和@"second"将随时被其他字符串替换。因此，使用硬编码的NSRange值将无效。

Answer 1

在构建属性字符串时，我更喜欢使用可变子类，只是为了让事情更清晰。

话虽如此，这是你如何创建一个三色属性字符串：

NSMutableAttributedString * string = [[NSMutableAttributedString alloc] initWithString:@"firstsecondthird"];
[string addAttribute:NSForegroundColorAttributeName value:[UIColor redColor] range:NSMakeRange(0,5)];
[string addAttribute:NSForegroundColorAttributeName value:[UIColor greenColor] range:NSMakeRange(5,6)];
[string addAttribute:NSForegroundColorAttributeName value:[UIColor blueColor] range:NSMakeRange(11,5)];

_{在浏览器中输入。 警告实施者}

显然你不会在这样的范围内进行硬编码。也许你可以这样做：

NSDictionary * wordToColorMapping = ....;  //an NSDictionary of NSString => UIColor pairs
NSMutableAttributedString * string = [[NSMutableAttributedString alloc] initWithString:@""];
for (NSString * word in wordToColorMapping) {
  UIColor * color = [wordToColorMapping objectForKey:word];
  NSDictionary * attributes = [NSDictionary dictionaryWithObject:color forKey:NSForegroundColorAttributeName];
  NSAttributedString * subString = [[NSAttributedString alloc] initWithString:word attributes:attributes];
  [string appendAttributedString:subString];
  [subString release];
}

//display string

Answer 2

这个问题已经回答了......但我想展示如何添加阴影并使用NSAttributedString更改字体，这样当人们搜索这个主题时，他们就不必继续寻找。

#define FONT_SIZE 20
#define FONT_HELVETICA @"Helvetica-Light"
#define BLACK_SHADOW [UIColor colorWithRed:40.0f/255.0f green:40.0f/255.0f blue:40.0f/255.0f alpha:0.4f]

NSString*myNSString = @"This is my string.\nIt goes to a second line.";                

NSMutableParagraphStyle *paragraphStyle = [[NSMutableParagraphStyle alloc] init];
               paragraphStyle.alignment = NSTextAlignmentCenter;
             paragraphStyle.lineSpacing = FONT_SIZE/2;
                     UIFont * labelFont = [UIFont fontWithName:FONT_HELVETICA size:FONT_SIZE];
                   UIColor * labelColor = [UIColor colorWithWhite:1 alpha:1];
                       NSShadow *shadow = [[NSShadow alloc] init];
                 [shadow setShadowColor : BLACK_SHADOW];
                [shadow setShadowOffset : CGSizeMake (1.0, 1.0)];
            [shadow setShadowBlurRadius : 1];

NSAttributedString *labelText = [[NSAttributedString alloc] initWithString : myNSString
                      attributes : @{
   NSParagraphStyleAttributeName : paragraphStyle,
             NSKernAttributeName : @2.0,
             NSFontAttributeName : labelFont,
  NSForegroundColorAttributeName : labelColor,
           NSShadowAttributeName : shadow }];

这是一个Swift版本......

警告！ 这适用于4s。

对于5s，你必须将所有Float值更改为Double值（因为编译器还没有正常工作）

字体选择的Swift枚举：

enum FontValue: Int {
    case FVBold = 1 , FVCondensedBlack, FVMedium, FVHelveticaNeue, FVLight, FVCondensedBold, FVLightItalic, FVUltraLightItalic, FVUltraLight, FVBoldItalic, FVItalic
}

用于枚举访问的Swift数组（因为枚举不能使用' - '而需要）：

func helveticaFont (index:Int) -> (String) {
    let fontArray = [
    "HelveticaNeue-Bold",
    "HelveticaNeue-CondensedBlack",
    "HelveticaNeue-Medium",
    "HelveticaNeue",
    "HelveticaNeue-Light",
    "HelveticaNeue-CondensedBold",
    "HelveticaNeue-LightItalic",
    "HelveticaNeue-UltraLightItalic",
    "HelveticaNeue-UltraLight",
    "HelveticaNeue-BoldItalic",
    "HelveticaNeue-Italic",
    ]
    return fontArray[index]
}

Swift归因于文本功能：

func myAttributedText (myString:String, mySize: Float, myFont:FontValue) -> (NSMutableAttributedString) {

    let shadow = NSShadow()
    shadow.shadowColor = UIColor.textShadowColor()
    shadow.shadowOffset = CGSizeMake (1.0, 1.0)
    shadow.shadowBlurRadius = 1

    let paragraphStyle = NSMutableParagraphStyle.alloc()
    paragraphStyle.lineHeightMultiple = 1
    paragraphStyle.lineBreakMode = NSLineBreakMode.ByWordWrapping
    paragraphStyle.alignment = NSTextAlignment.Center

    let labelFont = UIFont(name: helveticaFont(myFont.toRaw()), size: mySize)
    let labelColor = UIColor.whiteColor()

    let myAttributes :Dictionary = [NSParagraphStyleAttributeName : paragraphStyle,
                                              NSKernAttributeName : 3, // (-1,5)
                                              NSFontAttributeName : labelFont,
                                   NSForegroundColorAttributeName : labelColor,
                                            NSShadowAttributeName : shadow]

    let myAttributedString = NSMutableAttributedString (string: myString, attributes:myAttributes)

    // add new color 
    let secondColor = UIColor.blackColor()
    let stringArray = myString.componentsSeparatedByString(" ")
    let firstString: String? = stringArray.first
    let letterCount = countElements(firstString!)
    if firstString {
        myAttributedString.addAttributes([NSForegroundColorAttributeName:secondColor], range:NSMakeRange(0,letterCount))
    }

    return  myAttributedString
}

用于查找字符串数组中范围的第一个和最后一个扩展名：

extension Array {
    var last: T? {
        if self.isEmpty {
            NSLog("array crash error - please fix")
            return self [0]
        } else {
            return self[self.endIndex - 1]
        }
    }
}

extension Array {
    var first: T? {
        if self.isEmpty {
            NSLog("array crash error - please fix")
            return self [0]
        } else {
            return self [0]
        }
    }
}

新颜色：

extension UIColor {
    class func shadowColor() -> UIColor {
        return UIColor(red: 0.0/255.0, green: 0.0/255.0, blue: 0.0/255.0, alpha: 0.3)
    }
    class func textShadowColor() -> UIColor {
        return UIColor(red: 50.0/255.0, green: 50.0/255.0, blue: 50.0/255.0, alpha: 0.5)
    }
    class func pastelBlueColor() -> UIColor {
        return UIColor(red: 176.0/255.0, green: 186.0/255.0, blue: 255.0/255.0, alpha: 1)
    }
    class func pastelYellowColor() -> UIColor {
        return UIColor(red: 255.0/255.0, green: 238.0/255.0, blue: 140.0/255.0, alpha: 1)
    }
}

我的宏替换：

enum MyConstants: Float {
    case CornerRadius = 5.0
}

我的按钮制作者w /归属文字：

func myButtonMaker (myView:UIView) -> UIButton {

    let myButton = UIButton.buttonWithType(.System) as UIButton
    myButton.backgroundColor = UIColor.pastelBlueColor()
    myButton.showsTouchWhenHighlighted = true;
    let myCGSize:CGSize = CGSizeMake(100.0, 50.0)
    let myFrame = CGRectMake(myView.frame.midX - myCGSize.height,myView.frame.midY - 2 * myCGSize.height,myCGSize.width,myCGSize.height)
    myButton.frame = myFrame
    let myTitle = myAttributedText("Button",20.0,FontValue.FVLight)
    myButton.setAttributedTitle(myTitle, forState:.Normal)

    myButton.layer.cornerRadius = myButton.bounds.size.width / MyConstants.CornerRadius.toRaw()
    myButton.setTitleColor(UIColor.whiteColor(), forState: .Normal)
    myButton.tag = 100
    myButton.bringSubviewToFront(myView)
    myButton.layerGradient()

    myView.addSubview(myButton)

    return  myButton
}

我的UIView / UILabel制造商w /归因于文字，阴影和圆角：

func myLabelMaker (myView:UIView) -> UIView {

    let myFrame = CGRectMake(myView.frame.midX / 2 , myView.frame.midY / 2, myView.frame.width/2, myView.frame.height/2)
    let mylabelFrame = CGRectMake(0, 0, myView.frame.width/2, myView.frame.height/2)

    let myBaseView = UIView()
    myBaseView.frame = myFrame
    myBaseView.backgroundColor = UIColor.clearColor()

    let myLabel = UILabel()
    myLabel.backgroundColor=UIColor.pastelYellowColor()
    myLabel.frame = mylabelFrame

    myLabel.attributedText = myAttributedText("This is my String",20.0,FontValue.FVLight)
    myLabel.numberOfLines = 5
    myLabel.tag = 100
    myLabel.layer.cornerRadius = myLabel.bounds.size.width / MyConstants.CornerRadius.toRaw()
    myLabel.clipsToBounds = true
    myLabel.layerborders()

    myBaseView.addSubview(myLabel)

    myBaseView.layerShadow()
    myBaseView.layerGradient()

    myView.addSubview(myBaseView)

    return myLabel
}

通用阴影添加：

func viewshadow<T where T: UIView> (shadowObject: T)
{
    let layer = shadowObject.layer
    let radius = shadowObject.frame.size.width / MyConstants.CornerRadius.toRaw();
    layer.borderColor = UIColor.whiteColor().CGColor
    layer.borderWidth = 0.8
    layer.cornerRadius = radius
    layer.shadowOpacity = 1
    layer.shadowRadius = 3
    layer.shadowOffset = CGSizeMake(2.0,2.0)
    layer.shadowColor = UIColor.shadowColor().CGColor
}

查看视图样式的扩展名：

extension UIView {
    func layerborders() {
        let layer = self.layer
        let frame = self.frame
        let myColor = self.backgroundColor
        layer.borderColor = myColor.CGColor
        layer.borderWidth = 10.8
        layer.cornerRadius = layer.borderWidth / MyConstants.CornerRadius.toRaw()
    }

    func layerShadow() {
        let layer = self.layer
        let frame = self.frame
        layer.cornerRadius = layer.borderWidth / MyConstants.CornerRadius.toRaw()
        layer.shadowOpacity = 1
        layer.shadowRadius = 3
        layer.shadowOffset = CGSizeMake(2.0,2.0)
        layer.shadowColor = UIColor.shadowColor().CGColor
    }

    func layerGradient() {
        let layer = CAGradientLayer()
        let size = self.frame.size
        layer.frame.size = size
        layer.frame.origin = CGPointMake(0.0,0.0)
        layer.cornerRadius = layer.bounds.size.width / MyConstants.CornerRadius.toRaw();

        var color0 = CGColorCreateGenericRGB(250.0/255, 250.0/255, 250.0/255, 0.5)
        var color1 = CGColorCreateGenericRGB(200.0/255, 200.0/255, 200.0/255, 0.1)
        var color2 = CGColorCreateGenericRGB(150.0/255, 150.0/255, 150.0/255, 0.1)
        var color3 = CGColorCreateGenericRGB(100.0/255, 100.0/255, 100.0/255, 0.1)
        var color4 = CGColorCreateGenericRGB(50.0/255, 50.0/255, 50.0/255, 0.1)
        var color5 = CGColorCreateGenericRGB(0.0/255, 0.0/255, 0.0/255, 0.1)
        var color6 = CGColorCreateGenericRGB(150.0/255, 150.0/255, 150.0/255, 0.1)

        layer.colors = [color0,color1,color2,color3,color4,color5,color6]
        self.layer.insertSublayer(layer, atIndex: 2)
    }
}

实际视图确实加载了函数：

func buttonPress (sender:UIButton!) {
    NSLog("%@", "ButtonPressed")
}

override func viewDidLoad() {
    super.viewDidLoad()

    let myLabel = myLabelMaker(myView)
    let myButton = myButtonMaker(myView)

    myButton.addTarget(self, action: "buttonPress:", forControlEvents:UIControlEvents.TouchUpInside)

    viewshadow(myButton)
    viewshadow(myLabel)

}

Answer 3

我认为，使用regular expressions查找应用属性的范围是一种非常方便的方法。我就这样做了：

NSMutableAttributedString *goodText = [[NSMutableAttributedString alloc] initWithString:articleText];

NSRange range = [articleText rangeOfString:@"\\[.+?\\]" options:NSRegularExpressionSearch|NSCaseInsensitiveSearch];
if (range.location != NSNotFound) {
    [goodText addAttribute:NSFontAttributeName value:[UIFont fontWithName:@"Georgia" size:16] range:range];
    [goodText addAttribute:NSForegroundColorAttributeName value:[UIColor brownColor] range:range];
}

NSString *regEx = [NSString stringWithFormat:@"%@.+?\\s", [self.article.titleText substringToIndex:0]];
range = [articleText rangeOfString:regEx options:NSRegularExpressionSearch|NSCaseInsensitiveSearch];
if (range.location != NSNotFound) {
    [goodText addAttribute:NSFontAttributeName value:[UIFont fontWithName:@"Georgia-Bold" size:20] range:range];
    [goodText addAttribute:NSForegroundColorAttributeName value:[UIColor blueColor] range:range];
}

[self.textView setAttributedText:goodText];

我正在搜索可用属性的列表，但是在这里和类引用的第一页中找不到它们。所以我决定在这里发布相关信息。

Standard Attributes

归属字符串支持文本的以下标准属性。如果密钥不在字典中，则使用下面描述的默认值。

NSString *NSFontAttributeName;
NSString *NSParagraphStyleAttributeName;
NSString *NSForegroundColorAttributeName;
NSString *NSUnderlineStyleAttributeName;
NSString *NSSuperscriptAttributeName;
NSString *NSBackgroundColorAttributeName;
NSString *NSAttachmentAttributeName;
NSString *NSLigatureAttributeName;
NSString *NSBaselineOffsetAttributeName;
NSString *NSKernAttributeName;
NSString *NSLinkAttributeName;
NSString *NSStrokeWidthAttributeName;
NSString *NSStrokeColorAttributeName;
NSString *NSUnderlineColorAttributeName;
NSString *NSStrikethroughStyleAttributeName;
NSString *NSStrikethroughColorAttributeName;
NSString *NSShadowAttributeName;
NSString *NSObliquenessAttributeName;
NSString *NSExpansionAttributeName;
NSString *NSCursorAttributeName;
NSString *NSToolTipAttributeName;
NSString *NSMarkedClauseSegmentAttributeName;
NSString *NSWritingDirectionAttributeName;
NSString *NSVerticalGlyphFormAttributeName;
NSString *NSTextAlternativesAttributeName;

NSAttributedString programming guide

完整的类引用是here。

Answer 4

此解决方案适用于任何长度

cat("\\includegraphics{}")

Answer 5

我写了一个助手来轻松添加属性：

- (void)addColor:(UIColor *)color substring:(NSString *)substring;
- (void)addBackgroundColor:(UIColor *)color substring:(NSString *)substring;
- (void)addUnderlineForSubstring:(NSString *)substring;
- (void)addStrikeThrough:(int)thickness substring:(NSString *)substring;
- (void)addShadowColor:(UIColor *)color width:(int)width height:(int)height radius:(int)radius substring:(NSString *)substring;
- (void)addFontWithName:(NSString *)fontName size:(int)fontSize substring:(NSString *)substring;
- (void)addAlignment:(NSTextAlignment)alignment substring:(NSString *)substring;
- (void)addColorToRussianText:(UIColor *)color;
- (void)addStrokeColor:(UIColor *)color thickness:(int)thickness substring:(NSString *)substring;
- (void)addVerticalGlyph:(BOOL)glyph substring:(NSString *)substring;

https://github.com/shmidt/MASAttributes

您也可以通过CocoaPods安装：pod 'MASAttributes', '~> 1.0.0'

Answer 6

从iOS 7开始，您可以使用NSAttributedString HTML语法：

NSURL *htmlString = [[NSBundle mainBundle]  URLForResource: @"string"     withExtension:@"html"];
NSAttributedString *stringWithHTMLAttributes = [[NSAttributedString alloc] initWithFileURL:htmlString
                                                                                       options:@{NSDocumentTypeDocumentAttribute:NSHTMLTextDocumentType}
                                                                            documentAttributes:nil
                                                                                         error:nil];
textView.attributedText = stringWithHTMLAttributes;// you can use a label also

您必须将文件“string.html”添加到您的项目中，并且html的内容可以是这样的：

<html>
  <head>
    <style type="text/css">
      body {
        font-size: 15px;
        font-family: Avenir, Arial, sans-serif;
      }
      .red {
        color: red;
      }
      .green {
        color: green;
      }
      .blue {
        color: blue;
      }
    </style>
  </head>
  <body>
    <span class="red">first</span><span class="green">second</span><span class="blue">third</span>
  </body>
</html>  

现在，您可以根据需要使用NSAttributedString，即使没有HTML文件，例如：

//At the top of your .m file
#define RED_OCCURENCE -red_occurence-
#define GREEN_OCCURENCE -green_occurence-
#define BLUE_OCCURENCE -blue_occurence-
#define HTML_TEMPLATE @"<span style=\"color:red\">-red_occurence-</span><span style=\"color:green\">-green_occurence-</span><span style=\"color:blue\">-blue_occurence-</span></body></html>"

//Where you need to use your attributed string
NSString *string = [HTML_TEMPLATE stringByReplacingOccurrencesOfString:RED_OCCURENCE withString:@"first"] ;
string = [string stringByReplacingOccurrencesOfString:GREEN_OCCURENCE   withString:@"second"];
string = [string stringByReplacingOccurrencesOfString:BLUE_OCCURENCE    withString:@"third"];

NSData* cData = [string dataUsingEncoding:NSUTF8StringEncoding];

NSAttributedString *stringWithHTMLAttributes = [[NSAttributedString alloc] initWithData:cData
                                                                                options:@{NSDocumentTypeDocumentAttribute:NSHTMLTextDocumentType}
                                                                        documentAttributes:nil
                                                                                     error:nil];
textView.attributedText = stringWithHTMLAttributes;

Source

Answer 7

我总是发现使用归因字符串是一个令人难以置信的漫长而冗长乏味的过程。

所以我制作了一个Mac应用程序，为您创建所有代码。

https://itunes.apple.com/us/app/attributed-string-creator/id730928349?mt=12

Answer 8

使用属性字符串扩展名的简单解决方案。

<form>
  <div>
    <p class="create-account">Create your account here</p>
    <hr/>
  </div>
</form>

试试这个，看看（在Swift 3＆amp; 4中测试）

extension NSMutableAttributedString {

    // this function attaches color to string    
    func setColorForText(textToFind: String, withColor color: UIColor) {
        let range: NSRange = self.mutableString.range(of: textToFind, options: .caseInsensitive)
        self.addAttribute(NSAttributedStringKey.foregroundColor, value: color, range: range)
    }

}

这是预期的结果：

Answer 9

在Swift 4中：

let string:NSMutableAttributedString = {

    let mutableString = NSMutableAttributedString(string: "firstsecondthird")

    mutableString.addAttribute(NSForegroundColorAttributeName, value: UIColor.red , range: NSRange(location: 0, length: 5))
    mutableString.addAttribute(NSForegroundColorAttributeName, value: UIColor.green , range: NSRange(location: 5, length: 6))
    mutableString.addAttribute(NSForegroundColorAttributeName, value: UIColor.blue , range: NSRange(location: 11, length: 5))
    return mutableString
}()

print(string)

Answer 10

您可以在HTML中加载Swift归因字符串，如下所示

   var Str = NSAttributedString(
   data: htmlstring.dataUsingEncoding(NSUnicodeStringEncoding, allowLossyConversion: true),
   options: [ NSDocumentTypeDocumentAttribute: NSHTMLTextDocumentType],
   documentAttributes: nil,
   error: nil)

   label.attributedText = Str  

从文件中加载html

   if let rtf = NSBundle.mainBundle().URLForResource("rtfdoc", withExtension: "rtf", subdirectory: nil, localization: nil) {

   let attributedString = NSAttributedString(fileURL: rtf, options: [NSDocumentTypeDocumentAttribute:NSRTFTextDocumentType], documentAttributes: nil, error: nil)
        textView.attributedText = attributedString
        textView.editable = false
    }

from this

根据您所需的属性设置字符串....按照此说明。
http://sketchytech.blogspot.in/2013/11/creating-nsattributedstring-from-html.html

Answer 11

我创建了一个库，使这更容易。查看ZenCopy.

您可以创建Style对象，和/或将它们设置为键以便稍后引用。像这样：

ZenCopy.manager.config.setStyles {
    return [
        "token": Style(
            color: .blueColor(), // optional
            // fontName: "Helvetica", // optional
            fontSize: 14 // optional
        )
    ]
}

然后，您可以轻松地构造字符串并对其进行样式设置并使用参数：）

label.attributedText = attributedString(
                                ["$0 ".style("token") "is dancing with ", "$1".style("token")], 
                          args: ["JP", "Brock"]
)

您还可以使用正则表达式搜索轻松设置样式！

let atUserRegex = "(@[A-Za-z0-9_]*)"
mutableAttributedString.regexFind(atUserRegex, addStyle: "token")

这将使用＆＃39; @＆＃39;在它前面加上＆＃39;令牌＆＃39;样式。 （例如@jpmcglone）

我需要让所有NSAttributedString提供的内容保持正常运行，但我认为fontName，fontSize和颜色覆盖了它的大部分内容。很快就会有很多更新：）

如果您需要，我可以帮助您开始使用此功能。也在寻找反馈，所以如果它让你的生活更轻松，我说完成任务。

Answer 12

- (void)changeColorWithString:(UILabel *)uilabel stringToReplace:(NSString *) stringToReplace uiColor:(UIColor *) uiColor{
    NSMutableAttributedString *text =
    [[NSMutableAttributedString alloc]
     initWithAttributedString: uilabel.attributedText];

    [text addAttribute: NSForegroundColorAttributeName value:uiColor range:[uilabel.text rangeOfString:stringToReplace]];

    [uilabel setAttributedText: text];

}

Answer 13

为了解决这类问题，我在swift中创建了一个名为Atributika的库。

let str = "<r>first</r><g>second</g><b>third</b>".style(tags:
        Style("r").foregroundColor(.red),
        Style("g").foregroundColor(.green),
        Style("b").foregroundColor(.blue)).attributedString

label.attributedText = str

您可以在https://github.com/psharanda/Atributika

找到它

Answer 14

Swift 4

let combination = NSMutableAttributedString()

var part1 = NSMutableAttributedString()
var part2 = NSMutableAttributedString()
var part3 = NSMutableAttributedString()

let attrRegular = [NSAttributedStringKey.font : UIFont(name: "Palatino-Roman", size: 15)]

let attrBold:Dictionary = [NSAttributedStringKey.font : UIFont(name: "Raleway-SemiBold", size: 15)]

let attrBoldWithColor: Dictionary = [NSAttributedStringKey.font : UIFont(name: "Raleway-SemiBold", size: 15),
                                 NSAttributedStringKey.foregroundColor: UIColor.red]

if let regular = attrRegular as? [NSAttributedStringKey : NSObject]{
    part1 = NSMutableAttributedString(string: "first", attributes: regular)

}
if let bold = attrRegular as? [NSAttributedStringKey : NSObject]{
    part2 = NSMutableAttributedString(string: "second", attributes: bold)
}

if let boldWithColor = attrBoldWithColor as? [NSAttributedStringKey : NSObject]{
    part3 = NSMutableAttributedString(string: "third", attributes: boldWithColor)
}

combination.append(part1)
combination.append(part2)
combination.append(part3)

属性列表，请参阅此处 NSAttributedStringKey on Apple Docs

Answer 15

超级简单的方法。

let text = "This is a colorful attributed string"
let attributedText = 
NSMutableAttributedString.getAttributedString(fromString: text)
attributedText.apply(color: .red, subString: "This")
//Apply yellow color on range
attributedText.apply(color: .yellow, onRange: NSMakeRange(5, 4))

有关更多详细信息，请单击此处； https://github.com/iOSTechHub/AttributedString