我正在尝试使用Python在CodeSkulptor中构建街机游戏“Pong”。我需要帮助两件事
以下是代码的链接：http://www.codeskulptor.org/#user41_yJMm4nMju5X5zvk.py
# Implementation of classic arcade game Pong
import simplegui
import random
# initialize globals - pos and vel encode vertical info for paddles
WIDTH = 600
HEIGHT = 400
BALL_RADIUS = 20
PAD_WIDTH = 8
PAD_HEIGHT = 80
HALF_PAD_WIDTH = PAD_WIDTH / 2
HALF_PAD_HEIGHT = PAD_HEIGHT / 2
LEFT = False
RIGHT = True
score1 = 0
score2 = 0
#paddle position
paddle1_pos = HEIGHT/2
paddle2_pos = HEIGHT/2
#paddle velocity
paddle1_vel = 0
paddle2_vel = 0
# initialize ball_pos and ball_vel for new bal in middle of table
ball_pos = [WIDTH/2 , HEIGHT/2]
ball_vel = [0 , 0]
#set color theme
color_palette = ['#FF5252','#00BCD4','#536DFE','#8BC34A','#FFC107','#FF9800','#FF4081','#E040FB']
color = random.choice(color_palette)
def color_red():
color = color_palette[0]
def color_l_blue():
color = color_palette[1]
def color_d_blue():
color = color_palette[2]
def color_green():
color = color_palette[3]
def color_yellow():
color = color_palette[4]
def color_orange():
color = color_palette[5]
def color_pink():
color = color_palette[6]
def color_purple():
color = color_palette[7]
def open_game():
global ball_pos, ball_vel
ball_pos = [WIDTH/2 , HEIGHT/2]
ball_vel[0] = 0
ball_vel[1] = 0
# if direction is RIGHT, the ball's velocity is upper right, else upper left
def start_game(direction):
global ball_pos, ball_vel
ball_pos = [WIDTH/2 , HEIGHT/2]
if direction == RIGHT:
ball_vel[0] = random.randrange(120,240)/60.0
ball_vel[1] = -random.randrange(60,180)/60.0
if direction == LEFT:
ball_vel[0] = -random.randrange(120,240)/60.0
ball_vel[1] = -random.randrange(60,180)/60.0
# define event handlers
def new_game():
global paddle1_pos, paddle2_pos, paddle1_vel, paddle2_vel
global score1, score2
paddle1_pos = HEIGHT/2
paddle2_pos = HEIGHT/2
open_game()
score1 = 0
score2 = 0
def draw(canvas):
global score1, score2, paddle1_pos, paddle2_pos, ball_pos, ball_vel
global paddle1_vel, paddle2_vel, PAD_HEIGHT, PAD_WIDTH, BALL_RADIUS,HALF_PAD_HEIGHT, HALF_PAD_WIDTH
global color_palette, color
# draw mid line and gutters
canvas.draw_line([WIDTH / 2, 0],[WIDTH / 2, HEIGHT], 1, "White")
canvas.draw_line([PAD_WIDTH, 0],[PAD_WIDTH, HEIGHT], 1, "White")
canvas.draw_line([WIDTH - PAD_WIDTH, 0],[WIDTH - PAD_WIDTH, HEIGHT], 1, "White")
# update ball
ball_pos[0] += ball_vel[0]
ball_pos[1] += ball_vel[1]
#ball with upper and lower wall collisions
if ball_pos[1] <= BALL_RADIUS:
ball_vel[0] = ball_vel[0]
ball_vel[1] = -ball_vel[1]
if ball_pos[1] >= (HEIGHT-1)-BALL_RADIUS:
ball_vel[0] = ball_vel[0]
ball_vel[1] = -ball_vel[1]
#spawn ball left or right
if ball_pos[0] <= BALL_RADIUS+PAD_WIDTH:
start_game(RIGHT)
score2 += 1
if ball_pos[0] >= (WIDTH-1)-PAD_WIDTH-BALL_RADIUS:
start_game(LEFT)
score1 += 1
# draw ball
canvas.draw_circle(ball_pos, BALL_RADIUS, 2, color, color)
#keep paddle on the screen
if paddle1_pos-HALF_PAD_HEIGHT <= 0 and paddle1_vel < 0:
paddle1_vel = 0
if paddle2_pos-HALF_PAD_HEIGHT <= 0 and paddle2_vel < 0:
paddle2_vel = 0
if paddle1_pos+HALF_PAD_HEIGHT >= HEIGHT and paddle1_vel > 0:
paddle1_vel = 0
if paddle2_pos+HALF_PAD_HEIGHT >= HEIGHT and paddle2_vel > 0:
paddle2_vel = 0
# update paddle's vertical position
paddle1_pos += paddle1_vel
paddle2_pos += paddle2_vel
# draw paddles
canvas.draw_polygon([(0,paddle1_pos-HALF_PAD_HEIGHT),(PAD_WIDTH,paddle1_pos-HALF_PAD_HEIGHT),(PAD_WIDTH,paddle1_pos+HALF_PAD_HEIGHT),(0,paddle1_pos+HALF_PAD_HEIGHT)], 5, color, color)
canvas.draw_polygon([(WIDTH,paddle2_pos-HALF_PAD_HEIGHT),(WIDTH-PAD_WIDTH,paddle2_pos-HALF_PAD_HEIGHT),(WIDTH-PAD_WIDTH,paddle2_pos+HALF_PAD_HEIGHT),(WIDTH,paddle2_pos+HALF_PAD_HEIGHT)], 5, color, color)
# determine whether paddle and ball collide
if ball_pos[1] > paddle1_pos-HALF_PAD_HEIGHT -2 and ball_pos[1]<paddle1_pos +HALF_PAD_HEIGHT +2 and ball_pos[0] - BALL_RADIUS <= PAD_WIDTH+2:
ball_vel[0] = -ball_vel[0]
ball_vel[1] = ball_vel[1]
if ball_pos[1] > paddle2_pos-HALF_PAD_HEIGHT -2 and ball_pos[1] < paddle2_pos +HALF_PAD_HEIGHT+2 and WIDTH - (WIDTH - (ball_pos[0] + BALL_RADIUS)) >= (WIDTH - PAD_WIDTH) -2:
ball_vel[0] = -ball_vel[0]
ball_vel[1] = ball_vel[1]
# draw scores
canvas.draw_text(str(score1), (WIDTH/2 - 100,80), 60, color, 'sans-serif')
canvas.draw_text(str(score2), (WIDTH/2 + 60,80), 60, color, 'sans-serif')
def keydown(key):
global paddle1_vel, paddle2_vel
if key == simplegui.KEY_MAP['w']:
paddle1_vel = -4
elif key == simplegui.KEY_MAP['s']:
paddle1_vel = 4
elif key == simplegui.KEY_MAP['up']:
paddle2_vel = -4
elif key == simplegui.KEY_MAP['down']:
paddle2_vel = 4
elif key == simplegui.KEY_MAP['space']:
start_game(random.choice([LEFT,RIGHT]))
def keyup(key):
global paddle1_vel, paddle2_vel
if key == simplegui.KEY_MAP['w']:
paddle1_vel = 0
elif key == simplegui.KEY_MAP['s']:
paddle1_vel = 0
elif key == simplegui.KEY_MAP['up']:
paddle2_vel = 0
elif key == simplegui.KEY_MAP['down']:
paddle2_vel = 0
# create frame
frame = simplegui.create_frame("Pong", WIDTH, HEIGHT)
frame.set_canvas_background('#192c36')
frame.set_draw_handler(draw)
frame.set_keydown_handler(keydown)
frame.set_keyup_handler(keyup)
frame.add_label('Start the game by pressing SPACE'),frame.add_label(' ')
frame.add_button('Restart', new_game, 100),frame.add_label(' ')
frame.add_label('Choose color theme: '),frame.add_label(' ')
frame.add_button('Red', color_red, 100)
frame.add_button('Light Blue', color_l_blue, 100)
frame.add_button('Dark Blue', color_d_blue, 100)
frame.add_button('Green', color_green, 100)
frame.add_button('Yellow', color_yellow, 100)
frame.add_button('Orange', color_orange, 100)
frame.add_button('Pink', color_pink, 100)
frame.add_button('Purple', color_purple, 100)
# start frame
open_game()
frame.start()
对于我不知道的速度，我尝试了不同的方法，但没有一种方法有效，但我很确定它只是一些愚蠢的简单数学
对于颜色，颜色变量设置为从列表color_palette中选择一种随机颜色，但除此之外，按钮没有按照预期进行操作。
答案 0 :(得分：0)
# determine whether paddle and ball collide
if ball_pos[1] > paddle1_pos-HALF_PAD_HEIGHT -2 and ball_pos[1]<paddle1_pos +HALF_PAD_HEIGHT +2 and ball_pos[0] - BALL_RADIUS <= PAD_WIDTH+2:
ball_vel[0] = -1.1*ball_vel[0]
ball_vel[1] = ball_vel[1] # this line does absolutely nothing ...
if ball_pos[1] > paddle2_pos-HALF_PAD_HEIGHT -2 and ball_pos[1] < paddle2_pos +HALF_PAD_HEIGHT+2 and WIDTH - (WIDTH - (ball_pos[0] + BALL_RADIUS)) >= (WIDTH - PAD_WIDTH) -2:
ball_vel[0] = -1.1*ball_vel[0]
ball_vel[1] = ball_vel[1] # this line does absolutely nothing ...
你的碰撞也有点破碎......它经常撞到球拍并错误地重新开球并得分......
你需要在每个颜色函数的顶部添加global color，以便分配全局颜色而不是局部颜色......还有很多其他方法可以解决这个问题...但是这个将需要最少量的改变和工作
def color_red():
global color
color = color_palette[0]