我有一个应用程序，允许您添加学生和讲师的详细信息，搜索它们，并显示它们等。这是为大学作业，我必须测试我创建的五种方法。首先，我不确定如何测试涉及字符串的方法，因为我看到的所有测试方法都涉及银行帐户应用程序，并且测试提款和存款方法似乎很简单，因为您只需要添加和减去数字。我根本不确定如何测试我的（例如）AddLecturer（）方法。如果我创建的Status类输入正确，我试图获取其中一种方法来抛出异常，但程序似乎仍然认为它是一个未处理的异常。如何修复异常以便正确处理，以及如何测试其他方法？
这是使用所有方法的应用程序的主要入口点。
using System;
using System.Collections.Generic;
using System.Linq;
using System.Text;
using System.Threading.Tasks;
namespace DBSManagement
{
public class College: Staff
{
public static List<Student> students = new List<Student>();
public static List<Lecturer> lecturers = new List<Lecturer>();
public static void Main()
{
int choice;
bool seeAgain = true;
do
{
Console.WriteLine("Press");
Console.WriteLine("1: To add a student");
Console.WriteLine("2: To add a lecturer");
Console.WriteLine("3: To search for a lecturer or student");
Console.WriteLine("4: To show the details of all enrolled students");
Console.WriteLine("5: To show the names of all lecturers");
Console.WriteLine("6: To show payroll details for a lecturer");
Console.WriteLine("7: To quit");
int.TryParse(Console.ReadLine(), out choice);
switch (choice)
{
case 1:
AddStudent();
break;
case 2:
AddLecturer();
break;
case 3:
SearchPerson();
break;
case 4:
ShowStudents();
break;
case 5:
ShowLecturers();
break;
case 6:
ShowPayrollDetails();
break;
case 7:
seeAgain = false;
break;
default:
Console.WriteLine("Invalid option selected");
break;
}
} while (seeAgain);
}
public static void AddStudent()
{
Student student = new Student();
Console.WriteLine("Enter student name:");
if (Console.ReadLine() != null)
{
student.Name = Console.ReadLine();
}
else throw new ArgumentNullException("Please enter a name");
Console.WriteLine("Enter student address:");
student.Address = Console.ReadLine();
Console.WriteLine("Enter student phone number:");
student.Phone = Console.ReadLine();
Console.WriteLine("Enter student email:");
student.Email = Console.ReadLine();
Console.WriteLine("Enter student PPSN:");
student.PPSN = Console.ReadLine();
Console.WriteLine("Enter student status (postgrad or undergrad):");
EnterStat:
string stat = Console.ReadLine().ToLower();
if (stat == "postgrad" || stat == "undergrad")
{
student.Status = (Status)Enum.Parse(typeof(Status), stat);
}
else
{
Console.WriteLine("Please enter either postgrad or undergrad:");
goto EnterStat;
}
Console.WriteLine("Enter student ID:");
int inStudentID;
int.TryParse(Console.ReadLine(), out inStudentID);
student.StudentID = inStudentID;
students.Add(student);
}
public static void AddLecturer()
{
Lecturer lecturer = new Lecturer();
Console.WriteLine("Enter lecturer name:");
lecturer.Name = Console.ReadLine();
Console.WriteLine("Enter lecturer address:");
lecturer.Address = Console.ReadLine();
Console.WriteLine("Enter lecturer phone number:");
lecturer.Phone = Console.ReadLine();
Console.WriteLine("Enter lecturer email:");
lecturer.Email = Console.ReadLine();
Console.WriteLine("Enter lecturer PPSN:");
lecturer.PPSN = Console.ReadLine();
Console.WriteLine("Enter lecturer ID:");
lecturer.ID = Console.ReadLine();
Console.WriteLine("Enter salary:");
lecturer.Salary = decimal.Parse(Console.ReadLine());
Console.WriteLine("Enter subject taught:");
lecturer.SubjectTaught = Console.ReadLine().ToLower();
lecturers.Add(lecturer);
}
public static void SearchPerson()
{
int searchChoice = 0;
int studentSearch = 0;
int lecturerSearch = 0;
Console.WriteLine("Press:");
Console.WriteLine("1 to search for a student");
Console.WriteLine("2 to search for a lecturer");
int.TryParse(Console.ReadLine(), out searchChoice);
switch (searchChoice)
{
//search students
case 1:
Console.WriteLine("Press:");
Console.WriteLine("1 to search by name");
Console.WriteLine("2 to search by student number");
int.TryParse(Console.ReadLine(), out studentSearch);
switch (studentSearch)
{
case 1:
Console.WriteLine("Enter student name:");
string studentNameSearch = Console.ReadLine();
bool sFound = false;
foreach (Student student in students)
{
if (student.Name.Contains(studentNameSearch))
{
Console.WriteLine(student.ToString());
sFound = true;
break;
}
}
if (sFound == false)
{
Console.WriteLine("Student name not found");
}
break;
case 2:
int studentIDSearch;
bool IDFound = false;
Console.WriteLine("Enter student number:");
int.TryParse(Console.ReadLine(), out studentIDSearch);
foreach (Student student in students)
{
if (student.StudentID.Equals(studentIDSearch))
{
Console.WriteLine(student.ToString());
IDFound = true;
break;
}
}
if (IDFound == false)
{
Console.WriteLine("Student name not found");
}
break;
default:
Console.WriteLine("Invalid option selected");
break;
}
break;
//search lecturers
case 2:
Console.WriteLine("Press:");
Console.WriteLine("1 to search by name");
Console.WriteLine("2 to search by course taught");
int.TryParse(Console.ReadLine(), out lecturerSearch);
switch (lecturerSearch)
{
case 1:
Console.WriteLine("Enter lecturer name:");
string lecturerNameSearch = Console.ReadLine();
bool lFound = false;
foreach (Lecturer lecturer in lecturers)
{
if (lecturer.Name.Contains(lecturerNameSearch))
{
Console.WriteLine(lecturer.ToString());
lFound = true;
break;
}
}
if (lFound == false)
{
Console.WriteLine("Lecturer name not found");
}
break;
case 2:
Console.WriteLine("Enter course taught:");
string lecturerSubjectSearch = Console.ReadLine().ToLower();
bool subjectFound = false;
foreach (Lecturer lecturer in lecturers)
{
if (lecturer.SubjectTaught.Contains(lecturerSubjectSearch))
{
Console.WriteLine(lecturer.ToString());
subjectFound = true;
break;
}
}
if (subjectFound == false)
{
Console.WriteLine("Subject not found");
}
break;
default:
Console.WriteLine("Invalid option selected");
break;
}
break;
default:
Console.WriteLine("Invalid option selected");
break;
}
}
public static void ShowStudents()
{
//sort list by name
List<Student> SortedStudents = students.OrderBy(o => o.Name).ToList();
foreach (Student student in SortedStudents)
{
Console.WriteLine(student);
}
}
public static void ShowLecturers()
{
//sort list by name
List<Lecturer> SortedLecturers = lecturers.OrderBy(o => o.Name).ToList();
foreach (Lecturer lecturer in SortedLecturers)
{
Console.WriteLine(lecturer.Name);
}
}
public static void ShowPayrollDetails()
{
Console.WriteLine("Enter lecturer name:");
string lecturerNameSearch = Console.ReadLine();
for (int i = 0; i < lecturers.Count; i++)
{
if (lecturers[i].Name == lecturerNameSearch)
{
Console.WriteLine(lecturers[i].PayrollDetails());
}
else
{
Console.WriteLine("Lecturer name not found");
}
}
}
}
}
以下是我到目前为止创建的测试方法。
using Microsoft.VisualStudio.TestTools.UnitTesting;
using DBSManagement;
using System;
using System.Collections.Generic;
using System.Linq;
using System.Text;
using System.Threading.Tasks;
namespace DBSManagement.Tests
{
[TestClass()]
public class CollegeTests
{
[TestMethod()]
[ExpectedException(typeof(ArgumentException))]
public void AddStudentTest()
{
//arrange
string s = "student";
Status status = (Status)Enum.Parse(typeof(Status), s);
//act
Student student1 = new Student("Name", "123 Fake St", "0851234567", "fake@address.com", "7895459R", status, 12345678);
//assert
//handled by exception
}
[TestMethod()]
public void AddLecturerTest()
{
Assert.Fail();
}
[TestMethod()]
public void SearchPersonTest()
{
Assert.Fail();
}
[TestMethod()]
public void ShowStudentsTest()
{
Assert.Fail();
}
[TestMethod()]
public void ShowLecturersTest()
{
Assert.Fail();
}
[TestMethod()]
public void ShowPayrollDetailsTest()
{
Assert.
这是学生班。如果有人进入postgrad或undergrad以外的状态，我试图让它抛出异常。这些是枚举。
using System;
using System.Collections.Generic;
using System.Linq;
using System.Text;
using System.Threading.Tasks;
namespace DBSManagement
{
public class Student : Person
{
private Status status;
//auto-implemented properties
public Status Status
{
get
{
return status;
}
set
{
if (value == Status.undergrad || value == Status.postgrad)
{
status = value;
}
else throw new ArgumentException("Error: please select undergrad or postgrad");
}
}
public int StudentID { get; set; }
//empty constructor
public Student() { }
//constructor with parameters
public Student(string name, string address, string phone, string email, string ppsn, Status status, int studentId)
:base(name, address, phone, email, ppsn)
{
Status = status;
StudentID = studentId;
}
//overridden ToString() method
public override string ToString()
{
return string.Format("Name: {0}\nStudent Number: {1}\nAddress: {2}\nPhone: {3}\nEmail: {4}\nStatus: {5}",
Name, StudentID, Address, Phone, Email, Status);
}
}
}
答案 0 :(得分：1)
你可以测试你的代码，但是这些测试会非常脆弱（正如@Scott Chamberlain指出的那样，它们将证明什么是不明确的。）
你需要做的是“隐藏”丑陋的Console.ReadLine()背后的“程序化”控制权。 Func<string>将是理想的：
public static void AddStudent(Func<string> consoleReader)
{
Student student = new Student();
Console.WriteLine("Enter student name:");
student.Name = Console.ReadLine();
// ...
}
有了这个，你的测试就变成了：
[Test]
void TestAddStudent()
{
var n = 0;
var strings = new[] {
"Name",
"123 Fake St",
"0851234567",
"fake@address.com",
"7895459R",
// ...
};
Func<string> consoleReader = () => strings[n++];
var student = AddStudent(consoleReader);
Assert.AreEqual(strings[0], student.Name);
// ...
}
答案 1 :(得分：1)
如果您想进行测试，那么将UI与逻辑分开会更容易。例如，您可以采用MVC模式或类似的东西。首先构建所有数据对象，如Lecturer，Student等。这些对象将是您的数据模型。然后添加操作这些数据对象的逻辑或控件。控件组件中可能有AddLecturer(..)方法。最后创建一个UI或视图，它与它们交互，而不像代码那样完全交织在一起。关于测试，您将主要编写控件组件中的方法测试，也许是模型。有很多东西需要测试。采取你的添加讲师方法：
lecturers添加新讲师时，确实添加了吗？ （通常你不会检查这个。我们相信基本的收藏品，除非你自己写的。）