了解实现自定义迭代器

时间:2016-01-14 12:28:19

标签: javascript ecmascript-6

我正在尝试理解Ecmascript 6迭代器并尝试创建一个与本机阵列非常相似的数据结构。

for (let i of [1,2,3]) console.log(i);  //Iterate over data set itself

将输出1,2,3

for (let i of [1,2,3].keys()) console.log(i); //Iterate over a custom iterator from a method

将输出0,1,2

var a = [1,2,3];
var keys = [...a.keys()];

将按预期包含[0,1,2]

因此,

console.log([1,2,3].keys().next());

将输出Object {value: 0, done: false}

现在我创建了一种新类型的数据并尝试使其行为方式相同。

var myDogs = function(dogs) {
 this.dogs = dogs;
 this[Symbol.iterator] = () => {
   let i = -1;
   return {
    next() {
     i++;
     var dog = Object.keys(dogs)[i];
     if (!dog) return {done:true};
     return {value:{ dog, hungry:dogs[dog] }, done:false};
    }
   };
 };
 this.dogsNames = () => {
  return {
   [Symbol.iterator]() {
     let i = -1;
     return {
      next() {
       i++;
       var dog = Object.keys(dogs)[i];
       if (!dog) return {done:true};
       return {value: dog, done:false};
      }
     };
   }
  }
 }
};

var dogs = new myDogs({ buddy: true, hasso: false });

这可以按预期工作(自定义迭代器 - thank you):

var dogHungryMap = [...dogs];
dogHungryMap == [{ dog: 'buddy', hungry: true }, { dog: 'hasso': hungry: false }]

迭代器dogsNames()按预期工作几乎。这没关系:

var names = [...dogs.dogsNames()];
names == ["buddy", "hasso"]

但这不是:

dogs.dogsNames().next()
VM19728:2 Uncaught TypeError: dogs.dogsNames(...).next is not a function(…)

为什么以及如何重现原生数组的行为?

2 个答案:

答案 0 :(得分:5)

因为<script src="https://ajax.googleapis.com/ajax/libs/jquery/2.1.1/jquery.min.js"></script> <div class="work-row"> <div class="work-piece"> <div> <h3 class="project-name">Guess the Shape</h3> </div> </div> <!-- --> <div class="divider-column"></div> <!-- --> <div class="work-piece"></div> <!-- --> <div class="divider-column"></div> <!-- --> <div class="work-piece"></div> </div>返回一个以迭代器为键的对象。所以你可以使用dogsNames()而不是dogNames,但要直接访问for...of,你需要访问在对象上声明的迭代器函数,如下所示:

next()

Babel REPL Example

为了完整性,共享next()函数的完整代码:

dogsNames()[Symbol.iterator]().next()

答案 1 :(得分:4)

dogNames必须返回一个迭代器(实现next方法的东西),它也是一个可迭代的(实现Symbol.iterator方法的东西)(并返回它自己)。 Every built-in iterator does that

快速测试验证:

var it = [].keys();
it[Symbol.iterator]() === it // true

因此您可以将代码更改为

this.dogsNames = () => {
  let i = -1;
  return {

    [Symbol.iterator]() {
      return this;
    },

    next() {
      i++;
      var dog = Object.keys(dogs)[i]; // should probably also be put in the outer function
      if (!dog) return {done:true};
      return {value: dog, done:false};
    },

  };
};