我想运行2个异步任务,一个跟随另一个(顺序)。我读过有关ZIP或Flat的内容,但我对此并不了解......
我的目的是从本地SQLite加载数据,当它完成时,它会将查询调用到服务器(远程)。
有人可以建议我,一种实现这一目标的方法吗?
这是我正在使用的RxJava Observable骨架(单个任务):
-save
答案 0 :(得分:9)
如果查询不依赖于彼此,Lukas Batteau的答案是最好的。但是,如果您需要在之前从本地SQLite查询获取数据,则运行远程查询(例如,您需要远程查询参数或标题的数据),那么您可以从本地observable然后flatmap它结合两个observable 之后你从本地查询中获取数据:
Observable<Object> localObservable = Observable.create(...)
localObservable.flatMap(object ->
{
return Observable.zip(Observable.just(object), *create remote observable here*,
(localObservable, remoteObservable) ->
{
*combining function*
});
}).subscribe(subscriber);
flatmap函数允许您将本地observable转换为local&amp;组合。通过zip功能远程可观察。重申一下,这里的优点是两个observable是顺序的,zip函数只会在两个依赖的observable运行后运行。
此外,即使底层对象具有不同的类型,zip函数也允许您组合可观察对象。在这种情况下,您提供组合功能作为第3个参数。如果基础数据是相同的类型,请用合并替换zip函数。
答案 1 :(得分:6)
执行此操作的操作员为merge
,请参阅http://reactivex.io/documentation/operators/merge.html。
我的方法是创建两个可观察对象,比如observableLocal
和observableRemote
,然后合并输出:
Observable<Object> observableLocal = Observable.create(...)
Observable<Object> observableRemote = Observable.create(...)
Observable.merge(observableLocal, observableRemote)
.subscribe(subscriber)
如果要确保在本地之后运行远程,可以使用concat
。
答案 2 :(得分:4)
您可以尝试我的解决方案,有几种方法可以解决您的问题
为了确保它正常工作,我创建了一个独立的工作示例并使用此API进行测试:https://jsonplaceholder.typicode.com/posts/1
private final Retrofit retrofit = new Retrofit.Builder()
.baseUrl("https://jsonplaceholder.typicode.com/posts/")
.addConverterFactory(GsonConverterFactory.create())
.addCallAdapterFactory(RxJavaCallAdapterFactory.create())
.build();
private final RestPostsService restPostsService = retrofit.create(RestPostsService.class);
private Observable<Posts> getPostById(int id) {
return restPostsService.getPostsById(id);
}
<强> RestPostService.java 强>
package app.com.rxretrofit;
import retrofit2.http.GET;
import retrofit2.http.Path;
import rx.Observable;
/**
* -> Created by Think-Twice-Code-Once on 11/26/2017.
*/
public interface RestPostsService {
@GET("{id}")
Observable<Posts> getPostsById(@Path("id") int id);
}
Solution1 :在序列中调用多个任务时使用,以前任务的结果始终是下一个任务的输入
getPostById(1)
.concatMap(posts1 -> {
//get post 1 success
return getPostById(posts1.getId() + 1);
})
.concatMap(posts2 -> {
//get post 2 success
return getPostById(posts2.getId() + 1);
})
.concatMap(posts3 -> {
//get post 3success
return getPostById(posts3.getId() + 1);
})
.subscribeOn(Schedulers.io())
.observeOn(AndroidSchedulers.mainThread())
.subscribe(finalPosts -> {
//get post 4 success
Toast.makeText(this, "Final result: " + finalPosts.getId() + " - " + finalPosts.getTitle(),
Toast.LENGTH_LONG).show();
});
Solution2 :在序列中调用多个任务时使用,以前任务的所有结果都是最终任务的输入(例如:上传头像后并覆盖图像,调用api以使用这些图像URL创建新用户):
Observable
.zip(getPostById(1), getPostById(2), getPostById(3), (posts1, posts2, posts3) -> {
//this method defines how to zip all separate results into one
return posts1.getId() + posts2.getId() + posts3.getId();
})
.flatMap(finalPostId -> {
//after get all first three posts, get the final posts,
// the final posts-id is sum of these posts-id
return getPostById(finalPostId);
})
.subscribeOn(Schedulers.io())
.observeOn(AndroidSchedulers.mainThread())
.subscribe(finalPosts -> {
Toast.makeText(this, "Final posts: " + finalPosts.getId() + " - " + finalPosts.getTitle(),
Toast.LENGTH_SHORT).show();
});
<强> AndroidManifest 强>
<uses-permission android:name="android.permission.INTERNET"/>
root build.gradle
// Top-level build file where you can add configuration options common to all sub-projects/modules.
buildscript {
repositories {
jcenter()
}
dependencies {
classpath 'com.android.tools.build:gradle:2.3.3'
classpath 'me.tatarka:gradle-retrolambda:3.2.0'
classpath 'me.tatarka.retrolambda.projectlombok:lombok.ast:0.2.3.a2'
// NOTE: Do not place your application dependencies here; they belong
// in the individual module build.gradle files
}
// Exclude the version that the android plugin depends on.
configurations.classpath.exclude group: 'com.android.tools.external.lombok'
}
allprojects {
repositories {
jcenter()
}
}
task clean(type: Delete) {
delete rootProject.buildDir
}
应用/的build.gradle 强>
apply plugin: 'me.tatarka.retrolambda'
apply plugin: 'com.android.application'
android {
compileSdkVersion 26
buildToolsVersion "26.0.1"
defaultConfig {
applicationId "app.com.rxretrofit"
minSdkVersion 15
targetSdkVersion 26
versionCode 1
versionName "1.0"
testInstrumentationRunner "android.support.test.runner.AndroidJUnitRunner"
}
buildTypes {
release {
minifyEnabled false
proguardFiles getDefaultProguardFile('proguard-android.txt'), 'proguard-rules.pro'
}
}
compileOptions {
sourceCompatibility JavaVersion.VERSION_1_8
targetCompatibility JavaVersion.VERSION_1_8
}
}
dependencies {
compile fileTree(dir: 'libs', include: ['*.jar'])
androidTestCompile('com.android.support.test.espresso:espresso-core:2.2.2', {
exclude group: 'com.android.support', module: 'support-annotations'
})
compile 'com.android.support:appcompat-v7:26.+'
compile 'com.android.support.constraint:constraint-layout:1.0.2'
testCompile 'junit:junit:4.12'
provided 'org.projectlombok:lombok:1.16.6'
compile 'com.squareup.retrofit2:retrofit:2.3.0'
compile 'com.squareup.retrofit2:converter-gson:2.3.0'
compile 'com.squareup.retrofit2:adapter-rxjava:2.3.0'
compile 'io.reactivex:rxandroid:1.2.1'
}
<强>模型强>
package app.com.rxretrofit;
import com.google.gson.annotations.SerializedName;
/**
* -> Created by Think-Twice-Code-Once on 11/26/2017.
*/
public class Posts {
@SerializedName("userId")
private int userId;
@SerializedName("id")
private int id;
@SerializedName("title")
private String title;
@SerializedName("body")
private String body;
public int getUserId() {
return userId;
}
public void setUserId(int userId) {
this.userId = userId;
}
public int getId() {
return id;
}
public void setId(int id) {
this.id = id;
}
public String getTitle() {
return title;
}
public void setTitle(String title) {
this.title = title;
}
public String getBody() {
return body;
}
public void setBody(String body) {
this.body = body;
}
}
顺便说一句,使用 Rx + Retrofit + Dagger + MVP模式是一个很棒的组合。