Question

我按照图表进行了数据库设计。

Category表是自引用父子关系
Budget将为每个类别定义所有类别和金额
Expense表将包含已花费金额的类别的条目（请参阅此表中的Total列。）

我想写一个select语句，它将使用下面给出的列检索数据集：

ID   
CategoryID   
CategoryName   
TotalAmount (Sum of Amount Column of all children hierarchy From BudgetTable  )   
SumOfExpense (Sum of Total Column of Expense  all children hierarchy from expense table)

我尝试使用CTE但无法产生任何有用的东西。感谢您的帮助。：）

更新

我只是结合并简化了我用下面的查询创建了一个视图的数据。

SELECT        
    dbo.Budget.Id, dbo.Budget.ProjectId, dbo.Budget.CategoryId, 
    dbo.Budget.Amount, 
    dbo.Category.ParentID, dbo.Category.Name, 
    ISNULL(dbo.Expense.Total, 0) AS CostToDate
FROM
    dbo.Budget 
INNER JOIN
    dbo.Category ON dbo.Budget.CategoryId = dbo.Category.Id 
LEFT OUTER JOIN
    dbo.Expense ON dbo.Category.Id = dbo.Expense.CategoryId

基本上应该产生这样的结果。

Answer 1

经过大量研究和使用测试数据，我能够从层次结构底部开始获得运行总计。

解决方案由两个步骤组成。

创建一个标量值函数，用于决定categoryId是否是另一个categoryId的直接子项或间接子项。这是在第一个代码片段中给出的。请注意，递归查询用于此，因为这是在SQL Server中处理层次结构时的最佳方法。
根据您对所有类别的要求，编写将提供总计的运行总计查询。如果要对此查询进行排序，可以按类别进行筛选。第二个代码段提供此查询。

标量值函数，用于指示子类别是否为其他类别的直接或间接子级

CREATE FUNCTION dbo.IsADirectOrIndirectChild(
               @childId int, @parentId int)
RETURNS int
AS
BEGIN

    DECLARE @isAChild int;
    WITH h(ParentId, ChildId)
    -- CTE name and columns
         AS (
         SELECT TOP 1 @parentId, @parentId
         FROM dbo.Category AS b
         UNION ALL
         SELECT b.ParentId, b.Id AS ChildId
         FROM h AS cte
              INNER JOIN
              Category AS b
              ON b.ParentId = cte.ChildId AND
                 cte.ChildId IS NOT NULL)
         SELECT @isAChild = ISNULL(ChildId, 0)
         FROM h
         WHERE ChildId = @childId AND
               ParentId <> ChildId
         OPTION(MAXRECURSION 32000);
    IF @isAChild > 0
    BEGIN
        SET @isAChild = 1;
    END;
    ELSE
    BEGIN
        SET @isAChild = 0;
    END;
    RETURN @isAChild;
END;
GO

从层次结构底部开始查询运行总计

SELECT c.Id AS CategoryId, c.Name AS CategoryName,
(
    SELECT SUM(ISNULL(b.amount, 0))
    FROM dbo.Budget AS b
    WHERE dbo.IsADirectOrIndirectChild( b.CategoryId, c.Id ) = 1 OR
          b.CategoryId = c.Id
) AS totalAmount,
(
    SELECT SUM(ISNULL(e.total, 0))
    FROM dbo.Expense AS e
    WHERE dbo.IsADirectOrIndirectChild( e.CategoryId, c.Id ) = 1 OR
          e.CategoryId = c.Id
) AS totalCost
FROM dbo.Category AS c;

Answer 2

这是一个有趣的问题。我将用hierarchyid解决它。首先，设置：

USE tempdb;
IF OBJECT_ID('dbo.Hierarchy') IS NOT NULL
    DROP TABLE dbo.[Hierarchy];

CREATE TABLE dbo.Hierarchy 
(
    ID INT NOT NULL PRIMARY KEY,
    ParentID INT NULL,
        CONSTRAINT [FK_parent] FOREIGN KEY ([ParentID]) REFERENCES dbo.Hierarchy([ID]),
    hid HIERARCHYID,
    Amount INT NOT null
);

INSERT INTO [dbo].[Hierarchy]
        ( [ID], [ParentID], [Amount] )
VALUES  
    (1, NULL, 100 ),
    (2, 1, 50),
    (3, 1, 50),
    (4, 2, 58),
    (5, 2, 7),
    (6, 3, 10),
    (7, 3, 20)
SELECT * FROM dbo.[Hierarchy] AS [h];

接下来，使用适当的hiearchyid值更新hid列。我将使用沼泽标准递归cte

WITH cte AS (
    SELECT  [h].[ID] ,
            [h].[ParentID] ,
            CAST('/' + CAST(h.[ID] AS VARCHAR(10)) + '/' AS VARCHAR(MAX)) AS [h],
            [h].[hid]
    FROM    [dbo].[Hierarchy] AS [h]
    WHERE   [h].[ParentID] IS NULL

    UNION ALL

    SELECT  [h].[ID] ,
            [h].[ParentID] ,
            CAST([c].[h] + CAST(h.[ID] AS VARCHAR(10)) + '/' AS VARCHAR(MAX)) AS [h],
            [h].[hid]
    FROM    [dbo].[Hierarchy] AS [h]
    JOIN    [cte] AS [c]
            ON [h].[ParentID] = [c].[ID]
)
UPDATE [h]
SET hid = [cte].[h]
FROM cte
JOIN dbo.[Hierarchy] AS [h]
    ON [h].[ID] = [cte].[ID];

现在已经完成了繁重的工作，你几乎可以获得所需的结果：

SELECT p.id, SUM([c].[Amount])
FROM dbo.[Hierarchy] AS [p]
JOIN [dbo].[Hierarchy] AS [c]
    ON c.[hid].IsDescendantOf(p.[hid]) = 1
GROUP BY [p].[ID];

SQL Server Hierarchical列的总和

2 个答案: