我想使用通用方法来管理5xx错误代码,让我们特别说明db在整个spring应用程序中出现故障的情况。我想要一个漂亮的错误json而不是堆栈跟踪。
对于控制器,我有一个@ControllerAdvice
类用于不同的异常,这也是捕获db在请求中间停止的情况。但这并不是全部。我也碰巧有一个自定义CorsFilter
延长OncePerRequestFilter
,当我致电doFilter
时,我会收到CannotGetJdbcConnectionException
,而@ControllerAdvice
则不会对其进行管理。我在线阅读了几件让我更加困惑的事情。
所以我有很多问题:
ExceptionTranslationFilter
,但这只会处理AuthenticationException
或AccessDeniedException
。 HandlerExceptionResolver
,但这让我怀疑,我没有任何自定义异常来管理,必须有一个比这更明显的方法。我还尝试添加一个try / catch并调用HandlerExceptionResolver
的实现(应该足够好,我的异常没什么特别的)但是这不会在响应中返回任何内容,我得到状态200并且为空身体。 有什么好方法可以解决这个问题吗?感谢
答案 0 :(得分:55)
所以这就是我所做的:
我阅读了有关过滤器here的基础知识,并且我发现我需要创建一个自定义过滤器,该过滤器将首先位于过滤器链中,并且将有一个try catch来捕获可能在那里发生的所有运行时异常。然后我需要手动创建json并将其放入响应中。
所以这是我的自定义过滤器:
public class ExceptionHandlerFilter extends OncePerRequestFilter {
@Override
public void doFilterInternal(HttpServletRequest request, HttpServletResponse response, FilterChain filterChain) throws ServletException, IOException {
try {
filterChain.doFilter(request, response);
} catch (RuntimeException e) {
// custom error response class used across my project
ErrorResponse errorResponse = new ErrorResponse(e);
response.setStatus(HttpStatus.INTERNAL_SERVER_ERROR.value());
response.getWriter().write(convertObjectToJson(errorResponse));
}
}
public String convertObjectToJson(Object object) throws JsonProcessingException {
if (object == null) {
return null;
}
ObjectMapper mapper = new ObjectMapper();
return mapper.writeValueAsString(object);
}
}
然后我在CorsFilter
之前的web.xml中添加了它。它的工作原理!
<filter>
<filter-name>exceptionHandlerFilter</filter-name>
<filter-class>xx.xxxxxx.xxxxx.api.controllers.filters.ExceptionHandlerFilter</filter-class>
</filter>
<filter-mapping>
<filter-name>exceptionHandlerFilter</filter-name>
<url-pattern>/*</url-pattern>
</filter-mapping>
<filter>
<filter-name>CorsFilter</filter-name>
<filter-class>org.springframework.web.filter.DelegatingFilterProxy</filter-class>
</filter>
<filter-mapping>
<filter-name>CorsFilter</filter-name>
<url-pattern>/*</url-pattern>
</filter-mapping>
答案 1 :(得分:13)
我自己遇到了这个问题,并且我执行了以下步骤,重新使用const letters = {a:'26',b:'25',c:'24',d:'23',e:'22',f:'21',g:'20',h:'19',i:'18',j:'17',k:'16',l:'15',m:'14',n:'13',o:'12',p:'11',q:'10',r:'9',s:'8',t:'7',u:'6',v:'5',w:'4',x:'3',y:'2',z:'1'};
function switcher(num){
var res = Object.keys(letters).find(v => letters[v] == num);
return res;
}
console.log(switcher('26'));
console.log(switcher('9'));
注释了注册过滤器中抛出的ExceptionController
@ControllerAdvise
。
显然有很多方法可以处理异常,但在我的情况下,我希望异常由我的Exceptions
处理,因为我很固执,也因为我不想复制/粘贴相同的代码(即我在ExceptionController
中有一些处理/记录代码)。我想返回漂亮的ExceptionController
响应,就像其他不是从Filter中抛出的异常一样。
JSON
无论如何,我设法使用了我的{
"status": 400,
"message": "some exception thrown when executing the request"
}
,我必须做一些额外的工作,如下所示:
<强>步骤强>
ExceptionHandler
来处理异常,即MyExceptionController 示例代码
@ControllerAdvise
现在是正常情况下处理//sample Filter, to be added in web.xml
public MyFilterThatThrowException implements Filter {
//Spring Controller annotated with @ControllerAdvise which has handlers
//for exceptions
private MyExceptionController myExceptionController;
@Override
public void destroy() {
// TODO Auto-generated method stub
}
@Override
public void init(FilterConfig arg0) throws ServletException {
//Manually get an instance of MyExceptionController
ApplicationContext ctx = WebApplicationContextUtils
.getRequiredWebApplicationContext(arg0.getServletContext());
//MyExceptionHanlder is now accessible because I loaded it manually
this.myExceptionController = ctx.getBean(MyExceptionController.class);
}
@Override
public void doFilter(ServletRequest request, ServletResponse response, FilterChain chain)
throws IOException, ServletException {
HttpServletRequest req = (HttpServletRequest) request;
HttpServletResponse res = (HttpServletResponse) response;
try {
//code that throws exception
} catch(Exception ex) {
//MyObject is whatever the output of the below method
MyObject errorDTO = myExceptionController.handleMyException(req, ex);
//set the response object
res.setStatus(errorDTO .getStatus());
res.setContentType("application/json");
//pass down the actual obj that exception handler normally send
ObjectMapper mapper = new ObjectMapper();
PrintWriter out = res.getWriter();
out.print(mapper.writeValueAsString(errorDTO ));
out.flush();
return;
}
//proceed normally otherwise
chain.doFilter(request, response);
}
}
的示例Spring Controller(例如,通常不会在Filter级别引发的异常,我们要用于在Filter中抛出的异常)
Exception
与希望在过滤器中使用//sample SpringController
@ControllerAdvice
public class ExceptionController extends ResponseEntityExceptionHandler {
//sample handler
@ResponseStatus(value = HttpStatus.BAD_REQUEST)
@ExceptionHandler(SQLException.class)
public @ResponseBody MyObject handleSQLException(HttpServletRequest request,
Exception ex){
ErrorDTO response = new ErrorDTO (400, "some exception thrown when "
+ "executing the request.");
return response;
}
//other handlers
}
ExceptionController
的人共享解决方案。
答案 2 :(得分:9)
如果您想要通用方法,可以在web.xml中定义错误页面:
<error-page>
<exception-type>java.lang.Throwable</exception-type>
<location>/500</location>
</error-page>
在Spring MVC中添加映射:
@Controller
public class ErrorController {
@RequestMapping(value="/500")
public @ResponseBody String handleException(HttpServletRequest req) {
// you can get the exception thrown
Throwable t = (Throwable)req.getAttribute("javax.servlet.error.exception");
// customize response to what you want
return "Internal server error.";
}
}
答案 3 :(得分:8)
所以,这就是我基于上述答案的合并而做的...我们已经用GlobalExceptionHandler
注释了@ControllerAdvice
,我也希望找到一种方法来重用该代码处理来自过滤器的异常。
我能找到的最简单的解决方案是单独保留异常处理程序,并按如下方式实现错误控制器:
@Controller
public class ErrorControllerImpl implements ErrorController {
@RequestMapping("/error")
public void handleError(HttpServletRequest request) throws Throwable {
if (request.getAttribute("javax.servlet.error.exception") != null) {
throw (Throwable) request.getAttribute("javax.servlet.error.exception");
}
}
}
因此,由异常引起的任何错误首先通过ErrorController
并通过从@Controller
上下文中重新抛出它们而被重定向到异常处理程序,而任何其他错误(不是直接引起的)通过例外)无需修改即可通过ErrorController
。
为什么这实际上是一个坏主意?
答案 4 :(得分:5)
这是我的解决方案,可以覆盖默认的Spring Boot /错误处理程序
package com.mypackage;
import org.slf4j.Logger;
import org.slf4j.LoggerFactory;
import org.springframework.beans.factory.annotation.Autowired;
import org.springframework.boot.autoconfigure.web.ErrorAttributes;
import org.springframework.core.annotation.AnnotationUtils;
import org.springframework.http.HttpStatus;
import org.springframework.http.ResponseEntity;
import org.springframework.util.Assert;
import org.springframework.web.bind.annotation.RequestMapping;
import org.springframework.web.bind.annotation.ResponseStatus;
import org.springframework.web.bind.annotation.RestController;
import org.springframework.web.context.request.RequestAttributes;
import org.springframework.web.context.request.ServletRequestAttributes;
import javax.servlet.http.HttpServletRequest;
import javax.servlet.http.HttpServletResponse;
import java.util.Map;
/**
* This controller is vital in order to handle exceptions thrown in Filters.
*/
@RestController
@RequestMapping("/error")
public class ErrorController implements org.springframework.boot.autoconfigure.web.ErrorController {
private final static Logger LOGGER = LoggerFactory.getLogger(ErrorController.class);
private final ErrorAttributes errorAttributes;
@Autowired
public ErrorController(ErrorAttributes errorAttributes) {
Assert.notNull(errorAttributes, "ErrorAttributes must not be null");
this.errorAttributes = errorAttributes;
}
@Override
public String getErrorPath() {
return "/error";
}
@RequestMapping
public ResponseEntity<Map<String, Object>> error(HttpServletRequest aRequest, HttpServletResponse response) {
RequestAttributes requestAttributes = new ServletRequestAttributes(aRequest);
Map<String, Object> result = this.errorAttributes.getErrorAttributes(requestAttributes, false);
Throwable error = this.errorAttributes.getError(requestAttributes);
ResponseStatus annotation = AnnotationUtils.getAnnotation(error.getClass(), ResponseStatus.class);
HttpStatus statusCode = annotation != null ? annotation.value() : HttpStatus.INTERNAL_SERVER_ERROR;
result.put("status", statusCode.value());
result.put("error", statusCode.getReasonPhrase());
LOGGER.error(result.toString());
return new ResponseEntity<>(result, statusCode) ;
}
}
答案 5 :(得分:4)
当您想测试应用程序的状态时,如果出现问题,则返回HTTP错误,我建议使用过滤器。下面的过滤器处理所有HTTP请求。 Spring Boot中使用javax过滤器的最短解决方案。
在实施中可以有各种条件。在我的例子中,applicationManager测试应用程序是否准备就绪。
import ...ApplicationManager;
import org.springframework.beans.factory.annotation.Autowired;
import org.springframework.stereotype.Component;
import javax.servlet.*;
import javax.servlet.http.HttpServletResponse;
import java.io.IOException;
@Component
public class SystemIsReadyFilter implements Filter {
@Autowired
private ApplicationManager applicationManager;
@Override
public void init(FilterConfig filterConfig) throws ServletException {}
@Override
public void doFilter(ServletRequest request, ServletResponse response, FilterChain chain) throws IOException, ServletException {
if (!applicationManager.isApplicationReady()) {
((HttpServletResponse) response).sendError(HttpServletResponse.SC_SERVICE_UNAVAILABLE, "The service is booting.");
} else {
chain.doFilter(request, response);
}
}
@Override
public void destroy() {}
}
答案 6 :(得分:1)
这很奇怪,因为@ControllerAdvice应该有效,你是否正在捕获正确的异常?
@ControllerAdvice
public class GlobalDefaultExceptionHandler {
@ResponseBody
@ExceptionHandler(value = DataAccessException.class)
public String defaultErrorHandler(HttpServletResponse response, DataAccessException e) throws Exception {
response.setStatus(HttpStatus.INTERNAL_SERVER_ERROR.value());
//Json return
}
}
还尝试在CorsFilter中捕获此异常并发送500错误,类似这样的
@ExceptionHandler(DataAccessException.class)
@ResponseBody
public String handleDataException(DataAccessException ex, HttpServletResponse response) {
response.setStatus(HttpStatus.INTERNAL_SERVER_ERROR.value());
//Json return
}
答案 7 :(得分:1)
只是为了补充提供的其他好的答案,我最近也想要一个简单的SpringBoot应用程序中的一个单个错误/异常处理组件,该组件包含可能引发异常的过滤器,而其他异常可能会从控制器引发方法。
幸运的是,似乎没有什么可以阻止您将控制器建议与Spring默认错误处理程序的替代组合在一起,以提供一致的响应有效负载,允许您共享逻辑,检查来自过滤器的异常,捕获特定的服务引发的异常,等等
例如
@ControllerAdvice
@RestController
public class GlobalErrorHandler implements ErrorController {
@ResponseStatus(HttpStatus.BAD_REQUEST)
@ExceptionHandler(ValidationException.class)
public Error handleValidationException(
final ValidationException validationException) {
return new Error("400", "Incorrect params"); // whatever
}
@ResponseStatus(HttpStatus.INTERNAL_SERVER_ERROR)
@ExceptionHandler(Exception.class)
public Error handleUnknownException(final Exception exception) {
return new Error("500", "Unexpected error processing request");
}
@RequestMapping("/error")
public ResponseEntity handleError(final HttpServletRequest request,
final HttpServletResponse response) {
Object exception = request.getAttribute("javax.servlet.error.exception");
// TODO: Logic to inspect exception thrown from Filters...
return ResponseEntity.badRequest().body(new Error(/* whatever */));
}
@Override
public String getErrorPath() {
return "/error";
}
}
答案 8 :(得分:1)
我想提供一个基于the answer of @kopelitsa的解决方案。主要区别在于:
HandlerExceptionResolver
重用控制器异常处理。首先,需要确保您有一个类来处理常规RestController / Controller中发生的异常(用@RestControllerAdvice
或@ControllerAdvice
注释的类以及用{注释的方法) {1}})。这可以处理您在控制器中发生的异常。这是使用RestControllerAdvice的示例:
@ExceptionHandler
要在Spring Security过滤器链中重用此行为,您需要定义一个Filter并将其挂钩到您的安全配置中。筛选器需要将异常重定向到上面定义的异常处理。这是一个示例:
@RestControllerAdvice
public class ExceptionTranslator {
@ExceptionHandler(RuntimeException.class)
@ResponseStatus(HttpStatus.INTERNAL_SERVER_ERROR)
public ErrorDTO processRuntimeException(RuntimeException e) {
return createErrorDTO(HttpStatus.INTERNAL_SERVER_ERROR, "An internal server error occurred.", e);
}
private ErrorDTO createErrorDTO(HttpStatus status, String message, Exception e) {
(...)
}
}
然后需要将创建的过滤器添加到SecurityConfiguration。您需要非常早地将其挂接到链中,因为不会捕获所有先前过滤器的异常。就我而言,将其添加到@Component
public class FilterChainExceptionHandler extends OncePerRequestFilter {
private final Logger log = LoggerFactory.getLogger(getClass());
@Autowired
@Qualifier("handlerExceptionResolver")
private HandlerExceptionResolver resolver;
@Override
protected void doFilterInternal(HttpServletRequest request, HttpServletResponse response, FilterChain filterChain)
throws ServletException, IOException {
try {
filterChain.doFilter(request, response);
} catch (RuntimeException e) {
log.error("Spring Security Filter Chain RuntimeException:", e);
resolver.resolveException(request, response, null, e);
}
}
}
之前是合理的。请参阅默认过滤器链及其顺序in the official docs。这是一个示例:
LogoutFilter
答案 9 :(得分:1)
通读以上答案中建议的不同方法后,我决定使用自定义过滤器处理身份验证异常。我可以使用以下方法使用错误响应类来处理响应状态和代码。
我创建了一个自定义过滤器,并使用addFilterAfter方法修改了我的安全配置,并将其添加到CorsFilter类之后。
@Component
public class AuthFilter implements Filter {
@Override
public void doFilter(ServletRequest request, ServletResponse response, FilterChain chain) throws IOException, ServletException {
//Cast the servlet request and response to HttpServletRequest and HttpServletResponse
HttpServletResponse httpServletResponse = (HttpServletResponse) response;
HttpServletRequest httpServletRequest = (HttpServletRequest) request;
// Grab the exception from the request attribute
Exception exception = (Exception) request.getAttribute("javax.servlet.error.exception");
//Set response content type to application/json
httpServletResponse.setContentType(MediaType.APPLICATION_JSON_VALUE);
//check if exception is not null and determine the instance of the exception to further manipulate the status codes and messages of your exception
if(exception!=null && exception instanceof AuthorizationParameterNotFoundException){
ErrorResponse errorResponse = new ErrorResponse(exception.getMessage(),"Authetication Failed!");
httpServletResponse.setStatus(HttpServletResponse.SC_UNAUTHORIZED);
PrintWriter writer = httpServletResponse.getWriter();
writer.write(convertObjectToJson(errorResponse));
writer.flush();
return;
}
// If exception instance cannot be determined, then throw a nice exception and desired response code.
else if(exception!=null){
ErrorResponse errorResponse = new ErrorResponse(exception.getMessage(),"Authetication Failed!");
PrintWriter writer = httpServletResponse.getWriter();
writer.write(convertObjectToJson(errorResponse));
writer.flush();
return;
}
else {
// proceed with the initial request if no exception is thrown.
chain.doFilter(httpServletRequest,httpServletResponse);
}
}
public String convertObjectToJson(Object object) throws JsonProcessingException {
if (object == null) {
return null;
}
ObjectMapper mapper = new ObjectMapper();
return mapper.writeValueAsString(object);
}
}
SecurityConfig类
@Configuration
public class JwtSecurityConfig extends WebSecurityConfigurerAdapter {
@Autowired
AuthFilter authenticationFilter;
@Override
protected void configure(HttpSecurity http) throws Exception {
http.addFilterAfter(authenticationFilter, CorsFilter.class).csrf().disable()
.cors(); //........
return http;
}
}
ErrorResponse类
public class ErrorResponse {
private final String message;
private final String description;
public ErrorResponse(String description, String message) {
this.message = message;
this.description = description;
}
public String getMessage() {
return message;
}
public String getDescription() {
return description;
}}
答案 10 :(得分:1)
我在 webflux 中遇到了同样的问题,主题是有人希望在那里重用 @ControllerAdvice,您不想在 webfilter 中抛出直接异常或返回单声道错误,但是您想设置响应成为单声道错误。
public class YourFilter implements WebFilter {
@Override
public Mono<Void> filter(final ServerWebExchange exchange, final WebFilterChain chain) {
exchange.getResponse().writeWith(Mono.error(new YouException()));
return chain.filter(exchange)
}
}
答案 11 :(得分:1)
在过滤器中,我们没有带有 @ControllerAdvice
或 @RestControllerAdvice
的控件来处理在进行身份验证时可能发生的异常。因为 DispatcherServlet 只有在 Controller 类命中后才会出现。
因此,我们需要执行以下操作。
我们需要
HttpServletResponse httpResponse = (HttpServletResponse) response;
"response" 对象,我们可以从 public void doFilter(ServletRequest request, ServletResponse response, FilterChain chain)
实现类的 GenericFilterBean.java
传递它。
2) 我们可以使用下面的实用程序类将我们的错误 JSON 模型或 String 对象写入或打印到 ServletResponse 输出流中。
public static void handleUnAuthorizedError(ServletResponse response,Exception e)
{
ErrorModel error = null;
if(e!=null)
error = new ErrorModel(ErrorCodes.ACCOUNT_UNAUTHORIZED, e.getMessage());
else
error = new ErrorModel(ErrorCodes.ACCOUNT_UNAUTHORIZED, ApplicationConstants.UNAUTHORIZED);
JsonUtils jsonUtils = new JsonUtils();
HttpServletResponse httpResponse = (HttpServletResponse) response;
httpResponse.setContentType(MediaType.APPLICATION_JSON_VALUE);
httpResponse.setStatus(HttpServletResponse.SC_UNAUTHORIZED);
try {
httpResponse.getOutputStream().println(jsonUtils.convertToJSON(error));
} catch (IOException ex) {
ex.printStackTrace();
}
}
public String convertToJSON(Object inputObj) {
ObjectMapper objectMapper = new ObjectMapper();
String orderJson = null;
try {
orderJson = objectMapper.writeValueAsString(inputObj);
}
catch(Exception e){
e.printStackTrace();
}
return orderJson;
}
答案 12 :(得分:0)
您可以在catch块内使用以下方法:
response.sendError(HttpStatus.UNAUTHORIZED.value(), "Invalid token")
请注意,您可以使用任何HttpStatus代码和自定义消息。
答案 13 :(得分:-1)
您无需为此创建自定义过滤器。我们通过创建扩展ServletException的自定义异常(从声明中所示的doFilter方法抛出)解决了这一问题。然后由我们的全局错误处理程序捕获并处理这些错误。
编辑:语法