我正在尝试在python中创建一个程序，当按下某个键时，该程序会播放特定的大键琴音符。我希望它保持响应，这样你就可以继续播放更多的音符（有点像普通的电钢琴。）但是，因为存储音符的wav文件长约7-10秒，我遇到了一些问题。我每秒至少可以按10键。因此，在一个音符的持续时间内，我可以同时播放大约100个不同的wav文件。我试图使用winsound，但它无法一次播放多个wav文件。然后我转移到PyAudio，它有点像。我找到完成我想要的唯一方法是：
from msvcrt import getch
import pyaudio
import wave
import multiprocessing as mp
#This function is just code for playing a sound in PyAudio
def playNote(filename):
CHUNK = 1024
wf = wave.open(filename, 'rb')
p = pyaudio.PyAudio()
stream = p.open(format=p.get_format_from_width(wf.getsampwidth()),
channels=wf.getnchannels(),
rate=wf.getframerate(),
output=True)
data = wf.readframes(CHUNK)
while data != '':
stream.write(data)
data = wf.readframes(CHUNK)
stream.stop_stream()
stream.close()
p.terminate()
if __name__ == "__main__":
while True:
#If the 'a' key is pressed: start a new process that calls playNote
#and pass in the file name for a note.
if ord(getch()) == 97: #a
mp.Process(target=playNote, args=("F:\Project Harpsichord\The wavs\A1.wav",)).start()
#If the 's' key is pressed: start a new process that calls playNote
#and pass in the file name for another note.
if ord(getch()) == 115: #s
mp.Process(target=playNote, args=("F:\Project Harpsichord\The wavs\A0.wav",)).start()
基本上每当我想玩新的wav时，我都必须启动一个运行playNote函数代码的新进程。正如我已经说过的那样，我可以同时进行多达100次这样的比赛。可以这么说，所有一次运行的python解释器的一百份副本几乎撞坏了我的计算机。我也尝试过类似的多线程方法，但遇到了同样的问题。
This post显示了将多个wav文件混合在一起以便可以同时播放的方法，但由于我的程序不一定会同时启动声音，因此我不确定这是否有效。 我需要一种有效的方法来同时播放多个音符。无论是以另一个图书馆的形式出现，还是以其他语言形式出现，我都不在乎。
答案 0 :(得分：3)
我检查了像J.F Sebastian建议的pygame。它最终正是我所需要的。我将pygame.mixer.Sound()与pygame.mixer.set_num_channels()结合使用。这就是我想出来的。
import pygame as pg
import time
pg.mixer.init()
pg.init()
a1Note = pg.mixer.Sound("F:\Project Harpsichord\The wavs\A1.wav")
a2Note = pg.mixer.Sound("F:\Project Harpsichord\The wavs\A0.wav")
pg.mixer.set_num_channels(50)
for i in range(25):
a1Note.play()
time.sleep(0.3)
a2Note.play()
time.sleep(0.3)
答案 1 :(得分：2)
这并没有真正解决您的问题，但评论时间太长，而且可能有用。我给了它一个bash，在几条战线上被击败 - 放弃并去吃披萨。音频真的不是我的事，但玩它真的很有趣。
给Pydub看一看。我玩了几种方法，但没有取得任何令人满意的成功。 This answer这里解释了很多关于将两个信号很好地结合在一起的事情。我假设你的静态是因为削波。
很抱歉，我没有提供，但我也可以发布我创建的所有内容，以防您或其他人想要从中获取内容：
#using python 2.7
#example animal sounds from http://www.wavsource.com/animals/animals.htm
#note that those sounds have lots of different sampling rates and encoding types. Causes problems.
#required installs:
#numpy
#scipy
#matplotlib
#pyaudio -sudo apt-get install python-pyaudio
#pydub: -pip install pydub
def example():
"example sounds and random inputs"
sExampleSoundsDir = "/home/roman/All/Code/sound_files"
sExampleFile1 = 'bird.wav'
sExampleFile2 = 'frog.wav'
oJ = Jurgenmeister(sExampleSoundsDir)
#load audio into numpy array
dSound1 = oJ.audio2array(sExampleFile1)
dSound2 = oJ.audio2array(sExampleFile2)
#Simply adding the arrays is noisy...
dResSound1 = oJ.resample(dSound1)
dResSound2 = oJ.resample(dSound2)
dJoined = oJ.add_sounds(dResSound1, dResSound2)
#pydub method
oJ.overlay_sounds(sExampleFile1, sExampleFile2)
#listen to the audio - mixed success with these sounds.
oJ.play_array(dSound1)
oJ.play_array(dSound2)
oJ.play_array(dResSound1)
oJ.play_array(dResSound2)
oJ.play_array(dJoined)
#see what the waveform looks like
oJ.plot_audio(dJoined)
class Jurgenmeister:
"""
Methods to play as many sounds on command as necessary
Named in honour of op, and its as good a name as I can come up with myself.
"""
def __init__(self, sSoundsDir):
import os
import random
lAllSounds = os.listdir(sSoundsDir)
self.sSoundsDir = sSoundsDir
self.lAllSounds = lAllSounds
self.sRandSoundName = lAllSounds[random.randint(0, len(lAllSounds)-1)]
def play_wave(self, sFileName):
"""PyAudio play a wave file."""
import pyaudio
import wave
iChunk = 1024
sDir = "{}/{}".format(self.sSoundsDir, sFileName)
oWave = wave.open(sDir, 'rb')
oPyaudio = pyaudio.PyAudio()
oStream = oPyaudio.open(
format = oPyaudio.get_format_from_width(oWave.getsampwidth()),
channels = oWave.getnchannels(),
rate = oWave.getframerate(),
output = True
)
sData = oWave.readframes(iChunk)
while sData != '':
oStream.write(sData)
sData = oWave.readframes(iChunk)
oStream.stop_stream()
oStream.close()
oPyaudio.terminate()
def audio2array(self, sFileName):
"""
Returns monotone data for a wav audio file in form:
iSampleRate, aNumpySignalArray, aNumpyTimeArray
Should perhaps do this with scipy again, but I threw that code away because I wanted
to try the pyaudio package because of its streaming functions. They defeated me.
"""
import wave
import numpy as np
sDir = "{}/{}".format(self.sSoundsDir, sFileName)
oWave = wave.open(sDir,"rb")
tParams = oWave.getparams()
iSampleRate = tParams[2] #frames per second
iLen = tParams[3] # number of frames
#depending on the type of encoding of the file. Usually 16
try:
sSound = oWave.readframes(iLen)
oWave.close()
aSound = np.fromstring(sSound, np.int16)
except ValueError:
raise ValueError("""wave package seems to want all wav incodings to be in int16, else it throws a mysterious error.
Short way around it: find audio encoded in the right format. Or use scipy.io.wavfile.
""")
aTime = np.array( [float(i)/iSampleRate for i in range(len(aSound))] )
dRet = {
'iSampleRate': iSampleRate,
'aTime': aTime,
'aSound': aSound,
'tParams': tParams
}
return dRet
def resample(self, dSound, iResampleRate=11025):
"""resample audio arrays
common audio sample rates are 44100, 22050, 11025, 8000
#creates very noisy results sometimes.
"""
from scipy import interpolate
import numpy as np
aSound = np.array(dSound['aSound'])
iOldRate = dSound['iSampleRate']
iOldLen = len(aSound)
rPeriod = float(iOldLen)/iOldRate
iNewLen = int(rPeriod*iResampleRate)
aTime = np.arange(0, rPeriod, 1.0/iOldRate)
aTime = aTime[0:iOldLen]
oInterp = interpolate.interp1d(aTime, aSound)
aResTime = np.arange(0, aTime[-1], 1.0/iResampleRate)
aTime = aTime[0:iNewLen]
aResSound = oInterp(aResTime)
aResSound = np.array(aResSound, np.int16)
tParams = list(x for x in dSound['tParams'])
tParams[2] = iResampleRate
tParams[3] = iNewLen
tParams = tuple(tParams)
dResSound = {
'iSampleRate': iResampleRate,
'aTime': aResTime,
'aSound': aResSound,
'tParams': tParams
}
return dResSound
def add_sounds(self, dSound1, dSound2):
"""join two sounds together and return new array
This method creates a lot of clipping. Not sure how to get around that.
"""
if dSound1['iSampleRate'] != dSound2['iSampleRate']:
raise ValueError('sample rates must be the same. Please resample first.')
import numpy as np
aSound1 = dSound1['aSound']
aSound2 = dSound2['aSound']
if len(aSound1) < len(aSound2):
aRet = aSound2.copy()
aRet[:len(aSound1)] += aSound1
aTime = dSound2['aTime']
tParams = dSound2['tParams']
else:
aRet = aSound1.copy()
aRet[:len(aSound2)] += aSound2
aTime = dSound1['aTime']
tParams = dSound1['tParams']
aRet = np.array(aRet, np.int16)
dRet = {
'iSampleRate': dSound1['iSampleRate'],
'aTime': aTime,
'aSound': aRet,
'tParams': tParams
}
return dRet
def overlay_sounds(self, sFileName1, sFileName2):
"I think this method warrants a bit more exploration
Also very noisy."
from pydub import AudioSegment
sDir1 = "{}/{}".format(self.sSoundsDir, sFileName1)
sDir2 = "{}/{}".format(self.sSoundsDir, sFileName2)
sound1 = AudioSegment.from_wav(sDir1)
sound2 = AudioSegment.from_wav(sDir2)
# mix sound2 with sound1, starting at 0ms into sound1)
output = sound1.overlay(sound2, position=0)
# save the result
sDir = "{}/{}".format(self.sSoundsDir, 'OUTPUT.wav')
output.export(sDir, format="wav")
def array2audio(self, dSound, sDir=None):
"""
writes an .wav audio file to disk from an array
"""
import struct
import wave
if sDir == None:
sDir = "{}/{}".format(self.sSoundsDir, 'OUTPUT.wav')
aSound = dSound['aSound']
tParams = dSound['tParams']
sSound = struct.pack('h'*len(aSound), *aSound)
oWave = wave.open(sDir,"wb")
oWave.setparams(tParams)
oWave.writeframes(sSound)
oWave.close()
def play_array(self, dSound):
"""Tried to use use pyaudio to play array by just streaming it. It didn't behave, and I moved on.
I'm just not getting the pyaudio stream to play without weird distortion
when not loading from file. Perhaps you have more luck.
"""
self.array2audio(dSound)
self.play_wave('OUTPUT.wav')
def plot_audio(self, dSound):
"just plots the audio array. Nice to see plots when things are going wrong."
import matplotlib.pyplot as plt
plt.plot(dSound['aTime'], dSound['aSound'])
plt.show()
if __name__ == "__main__":
example()
当我使用wave时，我也会收到此错误。它仍然有效，所以我忽略它。 Problem seems to be widespread。错误行：
ALSA lib pcm_dsnoop.c:618:(snd_pcm_dsnoop_open) unable to open slave
ALSA lib pcm_dmix.c:1022:(snd_pcm_dmix_open) unable to open slave
ALSA lib pcm.c:2239:(snd_pcm_open_noupdate) Unknown PCM cards.pcm.rear
ALSA lib pcm.c:2239:(snd_pcm_open_noupdate) Unknown PCM cards.pcm.center_lfe
ALSA lib pcm.c:2239:(snd_pcm_open_noupdate) Unknown PCM cards.pcm.side
bt_audio_service_open: connect() failed: Connection refused (111)
bt_audio_service_open: connect() failed: Connection refused (111)
bt_audio_service_open: connect() failed: Connection refused (111)
bt_audio_service_open: connect() failed: Connection refused (111)
ALSA lib pcm_dmix.c:1022:(snd_pcm_dmix_open) unable to open slave
Cannot connect to server socket err = No such file or directory
Cannot connect to server request channel
jack server is not running or cannot be started