Question

我正在尝试在目录中包含的文件中查找字符串。我有一个像banana这样的字符串，我知道它存在于一些文件中。

import os
import sys

user_input = input("What is the name of you directory?")
directory = os.listdir(user_input)
searchString = input("What word are you trying to find?")

for fname in directory: # change directory as needed
    if searchString in fname:
        f = open(fname,'r')
        print('found string in file %s') %fname
    else:
        print('string not found')

当程序运行时，它只为每个文件输出string not found。有三个文件包含单词banana，因此程序无法正常工作。为什么不在文件中找到字符串？

Answer 1

您正试图在A中搜索string，使用filename：

open(filename, 'r').read()

我们使用import os user_input = input('What is the name of your directory') directory = os.listdir(user_input) searchstring = input('What word are you trying to find?') for fname in directory: if os.path.isfile(user_input + os.sep + fname): # Full path f = open(user_input + os.sep + fname, 'r') if searchstring in f.read(): print('found string in file %s' % fname) else: print('string not found') f.close()获取完整路径 user_input + os.sep + fname提供文件和目录名称，因此我们使用os.listdir来检查文件。

Answer 2

这是我在stackoverflow中的第一个问题，请问格式化问题时出现的错误。我是您知识（编程）领域的完整入门者。预先谢谢你。

我在木星中尝试过

 sudo apt install -y cmake

输出：

您的目录名称是什么？k：\ 0 \ 000.THU.EEG.nedc_tuh_eeg

您想找到什么单词？

它导致：

import os

user_input = input("What is the name of you directory?")

directory = os.listdir(user_input)

searchString = input("What word are you trying to find?")

for fname in directory:
    if os.path.isfile(user_input + os.sep + fname):
        with open(user_input + os.sep + fname, 'r') as file_handler:
            for line in file_handler:
                if searchString in line:
                    print('found string in file %s' %(fname))
                    break

Answer 3

这是我能给您的最简单的答案。您不需要颜色，它们只是很酷，您可能会发现您可以在我的代码中学到很多东西：）

import os
from time import sleep

#The colours of the things
class bcolors:
    HEADER = '\033[95m'
    OKBLUE = '\033[94m'
    OKGREEN = '\033[92m'
    WARNING = '\033[93m'
    FAIL = '\033[91m'
    ENDC = '\033[0m'
    BOLD = '\033[1m'
    UNDERLINE = '\033[4m'

# Ask the user to enter string to search
search_path = input("Enter directory path to search : ")
file_type = input("File Type : ")
search_str = input("Enter the search string : ")

# Append a directory separator if not already present
if not (search_path.endswith("/") or search_path.endswith("\\") ): 
        search_path = search_path + "/"
                                                          
# If path does not exist, set search path to current directory
if not os.path.exists(search_path):
        search_path ="."

# Repeat for each file in the directory  
for fname in os.listdir(path=search_path):

   # Apply file type filter   
   if fname.endswith(file_type):

        # Open file for reading
        fo = open(search_path + fname, 'r')

        # Read the first line from the file
        line = fo.read()

        # Initialize counter for line number
        line_no = 1

        # Loop until EOF
        if line != '' :
                # Search for string in line
                index = line.find(search_str)
                if ( index != -1) :
                    print(bcolors.OKGREEN + '[+]' + bcolors.ENDC + ' ', fname, sep="")
                    print('      ')
                    sleep(0.01)
                else:
                    print(bcolors.FAIL + '[-]' + bcolors.ENDC + ' ',  fname, ' ', 'does not contain', ' ', search_str, sep="")
                    print("       ")
                    sleep(0.01)
                line = fo.readline()  

                # Increment line counter
                line_no += 1
        # Close the files
        fo.close()

就是这样！

Answer 4

我正在尝试使用以下代码解决此类问题，请查看。

import os,sys

search_path=input("Put the directory here:")

search_str = input("Enter your string")

# Append a directory separator if not already present
if not (search_path.endswith("/") or search_path.endswith("\\") ): 
        search_path = search_path + "/"
                                                          
# If path does not exist, set search path to current directory
if not os.path.exists(search_path):
        search_path ="."

# Repeat for each file in the directory  
for fname in os.listdir(path=search_path):

   # Apply file type filter   
   if fname.endswith(file_type):

        # Open file for reading
        fo = open(search_path + fname)

        # Read the first line from the file
        line = fo.readline()

        # Initialize counter for line number
        line_no = 1

        # Loop until EOF
        while line != '' :
                # Search for string in line
                index = line.find(search_str)
                if ( index != -1) :
                    print(fname, "[", line_no, ",", index, "] ", line, sep="")

                # Read next line
                line = fo.readline()  

                # Increment line counter
                line_no += 1
        # Close the files
        fo.close()

在Python中查找包含所需字符串的目录中的文件

4 个答案: