我正在尝试使用Python 2.7中的json
库解析JSON多行文件。简化的示例文件如下:
{
"observations": {
"notice": [
{
"copyright": "Copyright Commonwealth of Australia 2015, Bureau of Meteorology. For more information see: http://www.bom.gov.au/other/copyright.shtml http://www.bom.gov.au/other/disclaimer.shtml",
"copyright_url": "http://www.bom.gov.au/other/copyright.shtml",
"disclaimer_url": "http://www.bom.gov.au/other/disclaimer.shtml",
"feedback_url": "http://www.bom.gov.au/other/feedback"
}
]
}
}
我的代码如下:
import json
with open('test.json', 'r') as jsonFile:
for jf in jsonFile:
jf = jf.replace('\n', '')
jf = jf.strip()
weatherData = json.loads(jf)
print weatherData
尽管如此,我收到如下所示的错误:
Traceback (most recent call last):
File "test.py", line 8, in <module>
weatherData = json.loads(jf)
File "/home/usr/anaconda2/lib/python2.7/json/__init__.py", line 339, in loads
return _default_decoder.decode(s)
File "/home/usr/anaconda2/lib/python2.7/json/decoder.py", line 364, in decode
obj, end = self.raw_decode(s, idx=_w(s, 0).end())
File "/home/usr/anaconda2/lib/python2.7/json/decoder.py", line 380, in raw_decode
obj, end = self.scan_once(s, idx)
ValueError: Expecting object: line 1 column 1 (char 0)
为了进行一些测试,我修改了代码,以便在删除换行符并去掉前导和尾随空格后,将内容写入另一个文件(扩展名为json
)。令人惊讶的是,当我读回后一个文件时,我没有收到任何错误,解析成功。修改后的代码如下:
import json
filewrite = open('out.json', 'w+')
with open('test.json', 'r') as jsonFile:
for jf in jsonFile:
jf = jf.replace('\n', '')
jf = jf.strip()
filewrite.write(jf)
filewrite.close()
with open('out.json', 'r') as newJsonFile:
for line in newJsonFile:
weatherData = json.loads(line)
print weatherData
输出如下:
{u'observations': {u'notice': [{u'copyright_url': u'http://www.bom.gov.au/other/copyright.shtml', u'disclaimer_url': u'http://www.bom.gov.au/other/disclaimer.shtml', u'copyright': u'Copyright Commonwealth of Australia 2015, Bureau of Meteorology. For more information see: http://www.bom.gov.au/other/copyright.shtml http://www.bom.gov.au/other/disclaimer.shtml', u'feedback_url': u'http://www.bom.gov.au/other/feedback'}]}}
在使用json
库之前删除新行和空格时可能会发生什么?
答案 0 :(得分:6)
如果您尝试逐行解析json文件,那么您将 crazy 。 json模块具有直接读取文件对象的辅助方法或字符串,即load
和loads
方法。 load
获取包含json数据的文件的文件对象(如下所示),而loads
获取包含json数据的字符串。
选项1: - 首选
import json
with open('test.json', 'r') as jf:
weatherData = json.load(jf)
print weatherData
选项2:
import json
with open('test.json', 'r') as jf:
weatherData = json.loads(jf.read())
print weatherData
如果您正在寻找更高性能的json解析,请查看ujson
答案 1 :(得分:5)
在第一个代码段中,您尝试逐行解析它。你应该立刻解析它。最简单的方法是使用json.load(jsonfile)
。 (jf变量名称具有误导性,因为它是一个字符串)。所以解析它的正确方法是:
import json
with open('test.json', 'r') as jsonFile:
weatherData = json.loads(jsonFile)
尽管将json存储在一行中是一个好主意,因为它更简洁。
在第二个片段中,您的问题是您将其打印为unicode字符串,而u'string here'
是特定于python的。有效的json使用双引号
答案 2 :(得分:1)
仅供参考,您可以在单with
语句中打开这两个文件:
with open('file_A') as in_, open('file_B', 'w+') as out_:
# logic here
...